Activated Carbon Aerogel as an Electrode with High Specific Capacitance for Capacitive Deionization
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Section
2.1. Materials
2.2. Electrode Preparation
2.3. Design of CDI System and Measurement of NaCl Removal
2.4. Characterization of Material
2.5. Characterization of Electrode
2.6. CDI Experiments
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Characterization of CA and ACA
3.2. Electrode Characterization
3.3. Desalination Performance of CDI Electrodes
3.4. Regeneration Property of ACA Electrode
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Electrode Materials | Adsorption Conditions | qm (mg·g−1) | Reference |
---|---|---|---|
Carbon aerogel | 1.2 V, 500 mg·L−1, 50 mL | 15.7 | [34] |
Porous carbons | 1.2 V, 500 mg·L−1, 30 mL | 17.2 | [35] |
Activated carbon | 1.5 V, 1000 mg·L−1, 50 mL | 14.6 | [36] |
Porous carbon spheres | 1.2 V, 500 mg·L−1, 20 mL | 15.8 | [37] |
Graphene | 1.4 V, 500 mg·L−1, 35 mL | 13.7 | [33] |
Carbon sponge | 1.2 V, 500 mg·L−1, 80 mL | 16.1 | [38] |
Graphene | 1.2 V, 100 mg·L−1 | 9.2 | [39] |
Carbon nanofiber | 1.2 V, 1000 mg·L−1, 50 mL | 12.8 | [40] |
Graphene | 1.8 V, 100 mg·L−1, 50 mL | 4.8 | [41] |
Porous carbon spheres | 1.6 V, 500 mg·L−1, 50 mL | 5.8 | [42] |
Graphitic porous carbon nanosheets | 1.2 V, 500 mg·L−1 | 19.3 | [43] |
MoS2−graphene | 1.2 V, 500 mg·L−1, 50 mL | 19.4 | [18] |
ACA | 1.4 V, 500 mg·L−1, 35 mL | 26.1 | This study |
C0 (mg·L−1) | qe (mg·g−1) | Pseudo-First Order | Pseudo-Second Order | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
qe,cal (mg·g−1) | k1 (min−1) | R2 | qe,cal (mg·g−1) | k2 (g·mg−1·min−1) | h0 (mg·g−1·min−1) | R2 | ||
100 | 10.95 | 10.77 | 0.50 | >0.99 | 13.09 | 0.0018 | 0.31 | 0.99 |
200 | 17.50 | 20.68 | 0.30 | 0.97 | 29.44 | 0.0006 | 0.56 | >0.99 |
300 | 21.12 | 32.32 | 0.63 | 0.95 | 27.34 | 0.0003 | 0.22 | 0.98 |
500 | 26.12 | 27.27 | 0.33 | >0.99 | 37.08 | 0.0002 | 0.27 | 0.98 |
Models | Parameters | Values |
---|---|---|
Langmuir | qm (mg·g−1) | 34.32 |
KL (L·mg−1) | 0.01 | |
RL | 0.54 | |
R2 | 0.99 | |
Freundlich | KF ((mg·g−1) (L·mg−1)1/n) | 2.34 |
n | 2.42 | |
R2 | 0.98 |
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Wang, W.; Li, K.; Song, G.; Zhou, M.; Tan, P. Activated Carbon Aerogel as an Electrode with High Specific Capacitance for Capacitive Deionization. Processes 2022, 10, 2330. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr10112330
Wang W, Li K, Song G, Zhou M, Tan P. Activated Carbon Aerogel as an Electrode with High Specific Capacitance for Capacitive Deionization. Processes. 2022; 10(11):2330. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr10112330
Chicago/Turabian StyleWang, Wei, Kerui Li, Ge Song, Minghua Zhou, and Peng Tan. 2022. "Activated Carbon Aerogel as an Electrode with High Specific Capacitance for Capacitive Deionization" Processes 10, no. 11: 2330. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr10112330