Influence of Surgical Technique on Post-Operative Complications in the Extraction of the Lower Third Molar: A Retrospective Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Pre-Surgical Procedures
2.2. Surgical Procedures
2.3. Post-Surgical Procedures
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Group A
3.2. Group B
3.3. Statistical Analysis
4. Discussion
- -
- Delayed healing: not well-bound red soft tissue was still present when the suture was removed; the situation was normalized at the next control.
- -
- Alveolitis: from the first to the fifth day after surgery, there were signs of infection of the post-extractive site, with or without associated pus; the resolution occurred with appropriate treatment within 20 days.
- -
- Osteitis: episodes of pain and infection of the site after 30/40 days, associated with restitutio ad integrum within two months of surgery.
- -
- Osteomyelitis: episodes of pain and infection for more than two months after the extraction operation, associated with the pathological sign of bone seizure.
- -
- Paresthesia: the appearance of local sensitivity alterations, associated with numbness, tingling, or burning. This may be temporary or permanent.
4.1. Alveolitis
4.2. Osteitis
4.3. Age
4.4. Sex
4.5. Smoking
4.6. Oral Contraceptives
4.7. Association of Smoke and Oral Contraceptives
4.8. Flap Design
4.9. Overheating of Bone
4.10. Paresthesia
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Complications by Sex Group A | Female | Male | Total | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
% | n | % | n | % | n | |
Purulent alveolitis | 0.00% | 0 | 1.33% | 2 | 1.33% | 2 |
Alveolitis sicca dolorosa | 4.00% | 6 | 0.67% | 1 | 4.67% | 7 |
Alveolar osteitis | 2.00% | 3 | 0.67% | 1 | 2.67% | 4 |
Delayed healing | 2.67% | 4 | 2.67% | 4 | 5.33% | 8 |
Total | 8.67% | 13 | 5.33% | 8 | 14.00% | 21 |
Complications by Sex Group B | ||||||
% | n | % | n | % | n | |
Purulent alveolitis | 1.33% | 2 | 2.00% | 3 | 3.33% | 5 |
Alveolitis sicca dolorosa | 0.00% | 0 | 2.00% | 3 | 2.00% | 3 |
Alveolar osteitis | 0.67% | 1 | 0.00% | 0 | 0.67% | 1 |
Delayed healing | 3.33% | 5 | 2.67% | 4 | 6.00% | 9 |
LN paresthesia * | 2.00% | 3 | 0.67% | 1 | 2.67% | 4 |
IAN paresthesia * | 2.00% | 3 | 0.67% | 1 | 2.67% | 4 |
Total | 9.33% | 14 | 8.00% | 12 | 17.33% | 26 |
Complications by Age Group A | Over 25 | Under 25 | Total | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
% | n | % | n | % | n | |
Purulent alveolitis | 0.67% | 1 | 0.67% | 1 | 1.33% | 2 |
Alveolitis sicca dolorosa | 3.33% | 5 | 1.33% | 2 | 4.67% | 7 |
Alveolar osteitis | 0.00% | 0 | 2.67% | 4 | 2.67% | 4 |
Delayed healing | 4.00% | 6 | 1.33% | 2 | 5.33% | 8 |
Total | 8.00% | 12 | 6.00% | 9 | 14.00% | 21 |
Complications by Age Group B | ||||||
% | n | % | n | % | n | |
Purulent alveolitis | 1.33% | 2 | 2.00% | 3 | 3.33% | 5 |
Alveolitis sicca dolorosa | 0.67% | 1 | 1.33% | 2 | 2.00% | 3 |
Alveolar osteitis | 0.00% | 0 | 0.67% | 1 | 0.67% | 1 |
Delayed healing | 2.00% | 3 | 4.00% | 6 | 6.00% | 9 |
LN paresthesia | 1.33% | 2 | 1.33% | 2 | 2.67% | 4 |
IAN paresthesia | 2.00% | 3 | 0.67% | 1 | 2.67% | 4 |
Total | 7.33% | 11 | 10.00% | 15 | 17.33% | 26 |
Group A | Group B | Statistical Significance | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | n | % | p-Value | ||
Sex | Male | 68 | 45.33% | 78 | 52.00% | 0.202 |
Female | 82 | 54.67% | 72 | 48.00% | ||
Age | Under 25 | 82 | 54.67% | 88 | 58.67% | 0.413 |
Over 25 | 68 | 45.33% | 62 | 41.33% | ||
Smoke | Yes | 35 | 23.33% | 40 | 26.66% | 0.592 |
No | 115 | 76.67% | 110 | 73.34% | ||
ACP | Yes | 13 | 15.85% | 16 | 22.22% | 0.293 |
No | 69 | 84.15% | 56 | 77.78% |
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Albanese, M.; Zangani, A.; Manfrin, F.; Bertossi, D.; De Manzoni, R.; Tomizioli, N.; Faccioni, P.; Pardo, A. Influence of Surgical Technique on Post-Operative Complications in the Extraction of the Lower Third Molar: A Retrospective Study. Dent. J. 2023, 11, 238. https://doi.org/10.3390/dj11100238
Albanese M, Zangani A, Manfrin F, Bertossi D, De Manzoni R, Tomizioli N, Faccioni P, Pardo A. Influence of Surgical Technique on Post-Operative Complications in the Extraction of the Lower Third Molar: A Retrospective Study. Dentistry Journal. 2023; 11(10):238. https://doi.org/10.3390/dj11100238
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlbanese, Massimo, Alessandro Zangani, Federica Manfrin, Dario Bertossi, Rachele De Manzoni, Nicolò Tomizioli, Paolo Faccioni, and Alessia Pardo. 2023. "Influence of Surgical Technique on Post-Operative Complications in the Extraction of the Lower Third Molar: A Retrospective Study" Dentistry Journal 11, no. 10: 238. https://doi.org/10.3390/dj11100238