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10.3390/foods10010045
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Review

Nutritional Composition and Bioactive Compounds in Tomatoes and Their Impact on Human Health and Disease: A Review

by
Md Yousuf Ali
1,2,
Abu Ali Ibn Sina
3,
Shahad Saif Khandker
1,
Lutfun Neesa
4,
E. M. Tanvir
5,6,
Alamgir Kabir
1,
Md Ibrahim Khalil
1,2,* and
Siew Hua Gan
7,*
1
Laboratory of Preventive and Integrative Biomedicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
2
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Gono Bishwabidyalay, Savar, Dhaka 1344, Bangladesh
3
Center for Personalized Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
4
Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Dhaka 8100, Bangladesh
5
Veterinary Drug Residue Analysis Division, Institute of Food and Radiation Biology, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Savar, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh
6
School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
7
School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Foods 2021, 10(1), 45; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10010045
Submission received: 23 November 2020 / Revised: 20 December 2020 / Accepted: 23 December 2020 / Published: 26 December 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Foods and Health Effects)
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Abstract

Tomatoes are consumed worldwide as fresh vegetables because of their high contents of essential nutrients and antioxidant-rich phytochemicals. Tomatoes contain minerals, vitamins, proteins, essential amino acids (leucine, threonine, valine, histidine, lysine, arginine), monounsaturated fatty acids (linoleic and linolenic acids), carotenoids (lycopene and β-carotenoids) and phytosterols (β-sitosterol, campesterol and stigmasterol). Lycopene is the main dietary carotenoid in tomato and tomato-based food products and lycopene consumption by humans has been reported to protect against cancer, cardiovascular diseases, cognitive function and osteoporosis. Among the phenolic compounds present in tomato, quercetin, kaempferol, naringenin, caffeic acid and lutein are the most common. Many of these compounds have antioxidant activities and are effective in protecting the human body against various oxidative stress-related diseases. Dietary tomatoes increase the body’s level of antioxidants, trapping reactive oxygen species and reducing oxidative damage to important biomolecules such as membrane lipids, enzymatic proteins and DNA, thereby ameliorating oxidative stress. We reviewed the nutritional and phytochemical compositions of tomatoes. In addition, the impacts of the constituents on human health, particularly in ameliorating some degenerative diseases, are also discussed.
Keywords: nutrients; tomatoes; phytochemicals; antioxidants; human health; degenerative diseases nutrients; tomatoes; phytochemicals; antioxidants; human health; degenerative diseases
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MDPI and ACS Style

Ali, M.Y.; Sina, A.A.I.; Khandker, S.S.; Neesa, L.; Tanvir, E.M.; Kabir, A.; Khalil, M.I.; Gan, S.H. Nutritional Composition and Bioactive Compounds in Tomatoes and Their Impact on Human Health and Disease: A Review. Foods 2021, 10, 45. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10010045

AMA Style

Ali MY, Sina AAI, Khandker SS, Neesa L, Tanvir EM, Kabir A, Khalil MI, Gan SH. Nutritional Composition and Bioactive Compounds in Tomatoes and Their Impact on Human Health and Disease: A Review. Foods. 2021; 10(1):45. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10010045

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ali, Md Yousuf, Abu Ali Ibn Sina, Shahad Saif Khandker, Lutfun Neesa, E. M. Tanvir, Alamgir Kabir, Md Ibrahim Khalil, and Siew Hua Gan. 2021. "Nutritional Composition and Bioactive Compounds in Tomatoes and Their Impact on Human Health and Disease: A Review" Foods 10, no. 1: 45. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10010045

APA Style

Ali, M. Y., Sina, A. A. I., Khandker, S. S., Neesa, L., Tanvir, E. M., Kabir, A., Khalil, M. I., & Gan, S. H. (2021). Nutritional Composition and Bioactive Compounds in Tomatoes and Their Impact on Human Health and Disease: A Review. Foods, 10(1), 45. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10010045

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