Next Article in Journal
Metabolite Profiling of Chestnut (Castanea crenata) According to Origin and Harvest Time Using 1H NMR Spectroscopy
Next Article in Special Issue
Microbiological Safety of Cut Melons Sold in Portuguese Retail Markets: A Pilot Study
Previous Article in Journal
Food Systems’ Transformation to Address Malnutrition in Selected Countries—Panel-Data Analysis on Undernourishment and Obesity
Previous Article in Special Issue
Expiration Date of Ready-to-Eat Salads: Effects on Microbial Load and Biochemical Attributes
 
 
Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
Journals
Foods
Volume 11
Issue 9
10.3390/foods11091324
foods-logo
Submit to this Journal Review for this Journal Propose a Special Issue
► Article Menu

Article Menu

share Share announcement Help format_quote Cite question_answer Discuss in SciProfiles
first_page
settings
Order Article Reprints
Font Type:
Arial Georgia Verdana
Font Size:
Aa Aa Aa
Line Spacing:
Column Width:
Background:
Article

Characterization of Antibiotic Resistant Coliform Bacteria and Resistance Genes Isolated from Samples of Smoothie Drinks and Raw Milk

by
Monika Krahulcová
1,*,
Klára Cverenkárová
1,
Petra Olejníková
2,
Barbora Micajová
1,
Júlia Koreneková
1 and
Lucia Bírošová
1
1
Department of Nutrition and Food Quality Assessment, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 81237 Bratislava, Slovakia
2
Institute of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 81237 Bratislava, Slovakia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Foods 2022, 11(9), 1324; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11091324
Submission received: 28 March 2022 / Revised: 18 April 2022 / Accepted: 28 April 2022 / Published: 1 May 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbiology and Safety of Ready-to-Eat Products)
Browse Figures
Review Reports Versions Notes

Abstract

Raw foodstuffs have been marked as a healthier alternative in the context of nutrient content and are becoming more popular with consumers. Thermally untreated foods may represent a microbiological risk connected with the possible presence of antimicrobial resistance. The aim of this study was to prove that popular raw food beverages such as smoothies and raw milk may be a source of antibiotic-resistant coliform bacteria and resistant genes. The majority of antibiotic-resistant isolates (110) were identified as Enterobacter spp., Escherichia coli, and species of Klebsiella spp., predominantly β-lactam and chloramphenicol resistant. Multidrug resistance has been registered in one-third of resistants. Overproduction of efflux pumps was clarified in 8 different bacteria. The majority of resistant isolates were strong biofilm producers. Antibiotic resistance gene blaOXA was detected in 25% of isolates, especially in E. coli. Resistance genes blaTEM and blaSHV were detected in 19% and 14%, respectively. This is the first study to point out that popular raw drinks such as smoothies or raw milk, besides their nutrient benefits, could represent a reservoir of antibiotic-resistant bacteria as well as antibiotic resistance genes. According to this, raw drinks could contribute to the dissemination of antibiotic resistance in the human gastrointestinal tract and environment.
Keywords: coliform bacteria; smoothie; raw milk; antibiotic resistance; resistance genes coliform bacteria; smoothie; raw milk; antibiotic resistance; resistance genes
Graphical Abstract

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Krahulcová, M.; Cverenkárová, K.; Olejníková, P.; Micajová, B.; Koreneková, J.; Bírošová, L. Characterization of Antibiotic Resistant Coliform Bacteria and Resistance Genes Isolated from Samples of Smoothie Drinks and Raw Milk. Foods 2022, 11, 1324. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11091324

AMA Style

Krahulcová M, Cverenkárová K, Olejníková P, Micajová B, Koreneková J, Bírošová L. Characterization of Antibiotic Resistant Coliform Bacteria and Resistance Genes Isolated from Samples of Smoothie Drinks and Raw Milk. Foods. 2022; 11(9):1324. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11091324

Chicago/Turabian Style

Krahulcová, Monika, Klára Cverenkárová, Petra Olejníková, Barbora Micajová, Júlia Koreneková, and Lucia Bírošová. 2022. "Characterization of Antibiotic Resistant Coliform Bacteria and Resistance Genes Isolated from Samples of Smoothie Drinks and Raw Milk" Foods 11, no. 9: 1324. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11091324

APA Style

Krahulcová, M., Cverenkárová, K., Olejníková, P., Micajová, B., Koreneková, J., & Bírošová, L. (2022). Characterization of Antibiotic Resistant Coliform Bacteria and Resistance Genes Isolated from Samples of Smoothie Drinks and Raw Milk. Foods, 11(9), 1324. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11091324

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

Article Metrics

Back to TopTop