Lonicera japonica Fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum Improve Multiple Patterns Driven Osteoporosis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Making Honeysuckle Extract
2.2. Quantification of Honeysuckle’s Crude Polysaccharides
2.3. Preparation of Fermentation and Mixed Solution
2.4. Animal Experiments
2.5. Bone Mineral Density (BMD) Assessment
2.6. Analysis of the Tibia Paraffin Section, H&E Staining, and Bone Microarchitecture
2.7. Assessment of Blood Calcium, TRACP-5b, OCN, TNF-α, and IL-6
2.8. Sequencing of 16S rRNA in Colon Content Microbiota
2.9. Metabolite Extraction and LC-MS/MS Analysis
2.10. Statistics
3. Results
3.1. Effect of FS on Bone Structure
3.1.1. FS Significantly Restored BMD Levels
3.1.2. FS Significantly Promoted the Recovery of Bone Microstructure
3.2. Effect of FS on Some Related Factors in Serum
3.2.1. FS More Significantly Improved Calcium Absorption in OP
3.2.2. FS Significantly Reduced the Osteoclast Differentiation Biomarker TRACP-5b and Increased the Osteoblast Differentiation Marker OCN
3.2.3. FS More Significantly Reduced the Levels of the Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines TNF-α and IL-6
3.3. Effect of FS on the GM of OP Rats
3.3.1. FS Intervention Significantly Changed the GM of OP Rats
3.3.2. FS Improves OP by Restoring the Abundance of Possible Key GMs
3.4. Influence of FS on Rat Metabolite Levels
3.4.1. Comparison of Metabolites between FS and MS
3.4.2. Effects of FS on Serum Metabolites in OP Rats
3.5. Correlation Analysis between Bone Markers and Possible Key Bacterial Genera and Possible Key Metabolites
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Chen, Z.; Xu, W.; Luo, J.; Liu, L.; Peng, X. Lonicera japonica Fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum Improve Multiple Patterns Driven Osteoporosis. Foods 2024, 13, 2649. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13172649
Chen Z, Xu W, Luo J, Liu L, Peng X. Lonicera japonica Fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum Improve Multiple Patterns Driven Osteoporosis. Foods. 2024; 13(17):2649. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13172649
Chicago/Turabian StyleChen, Zimin, Weiye Xu, Jianming Luo, Liu Liu, and Xichun Peng. 2024. "Lonicera japonica Fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum Improve Multiple Patterns Driven Osteoporosis" Foods 13, no. 17: 2649. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13172649