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Open AccessArticle
Characterization of Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli Strains Causing Canine Pneumonia in China: Antibiotic Resistance, Virulence Genes, and Sequence Typing
by
Jianyi Lai
Jianyi Lai †,
Haibin Long
Haibin Long †,
Zhihong Zhao
Zhihong Zhao ,
Gan Rao
Gan Rao ,
Zhaojia Ou
Zhaojia Ou ,
Jiajie Li
Jiajie Li ,
Zhidong Zhou
Zhidong Zhou ,
Minhua Hu
Minhua Hu * and
Qingchun Ni
Qingchun Ni *
Guangzhou General Pharmaceutical Research Institute Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510240, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Submission received: 26 August 2024
/
Revised: 9 October 2024
/
Accepted: 9 October 2024
/
Published: 10 October 2024
Simple Summary
The increase in respiratory infections, particularly acute pneumonia, in puppies poses a significant health risk due to the disease’s rapid severity. This study successfully identified four multidrug-resistant strains of extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli from puppies with acute pneumonia, which contained various virulence genes and were classified using sequence typing. This study emphasizes the need to understand the molecular traits of Escherichia coli strains causing canine pneumonia. Such an understanding facilitates the formulation of targeted intervention strategies and the exploration of novel therapeutic approaches for the effective treatment of acute pneumonia in puppies.
Abstract
To determine the etiological agents responsible for acute pneumonia in puppies in China, this study utilized bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid extraction to enable the isolation, culture, biochemical identification, and 16S rRNA PCR amplification of the pathogens. Following preliminary identification, the pathogens underwent analysis for antibiotic resistance phenotypes and resistance genes. Additionally, the study examined the presence of virulence genes, conducted multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and performed whole-genome sequencing (WGS). The findings revealed that all four isolated pathogens were characterized as extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC). The examined ExPEC strains demonstrated resistance to cephalosporins, tetracyclines, and penicillins, while remaining susceptible to aminoglycosides, beta-lactamase inhibitors, carbapenems, chloramphenicols, and sulfonamides. An analysis of virulence genes identified the presence of eight genes, namely CNF-I, fyuA, fimC, papC, ompA, fimH, irp2, and iroN, which are implicated in their invasiveness and potential to inflict tissue damage. The MLST analysis revealed that all ExPEC strains were classified under either sequence type ST131 (Achtman database) or ST43 (Pasteur database). The study further determined that these strains were absent in the kennel’s drinking water source, thereby ruling out water contamination as a potential factor in the emergence of ST131-type ExPEC. This study offers a theoretical framework and empirical evidence for elucidating the potential pathogenic mechanisms and clinical therapeutic strategies of ExPEC in the etiology of acute pneumonia in puppies.
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MDPI and ACS Style
Lai, J.; Long, H.; Zhao, Z.; Rao, G.; Ou, Z.; Li, J.; Zhou, Z.; Hu, M.; Ni, Q.
Characterization of Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli Strains Causing Canine Pneumonia in China: Antibiotic Resistance, Virulence Genes, and Sequence Typing. Vet. Sci. 2024, 11, 491.
https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci11100491
AMA Style
Lai J, Long H, Zhao Z, Rao G, Ou Z, Li J, Zhou Z, Hu M, Ni Q.
Characterization of Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli Strains Causing Canine Pneumonia in China: Antibiotic Resistance, Virulence Genes, and Sequence Typing. Veterinary Sciences. 2024; 11(10):491.
https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci11100491
Chicago/Turabian Style
Lai, Jianyi, Haibin Long, Zhihong Zhao, Gan Rao, Zhaojia Ou, Jiajie Li, Zhidong Zhou, Minhua Hu, and Qingchun Ni.
2024. "Characterization of Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli Strains Causing Canine Pneumonia in China: Antibiotic Resistance, Virulence Genes, and Sequence Typing" Veterinary Sciences 11, no. 10: 491.
https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci11100491
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