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Case Report

Candida lusitaniae Breakthrough Fungemia in an Immuno-Compromised Adolescent: Case Report and Review of the Literature

by
Athanasia Apsemidou
1,
Miriam Antonie Füller
2,
Evgeny A. Idelevich
3,4,
Oliver Kurzai
5,6,
Athanasios Tragiannidis
1,2 and
Andreas H. Groll
2,*
1
2nd Pediatric Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA Hospital, GR-54636 Thessaloniki, Greece
2
Infectious Disease Research Program, Center for Bone Marrow Transplantation and Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children’s Hospital Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
3
Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
4
Friedrich Loeffler Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Medicine Greifswald, D-17475 Greifswald, Germany
5
National Reference Center for Invasive Mycoses, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology—Hans-Knoell-Institute, D-07745 Jena, Germany
6
Institute for Hygiene and Microbiology, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, D-97080 Würzburg, Germany
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Fungi 2020, 6(4), 380; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof6040380
Submission received: 28 November 2020 / Revised: 14 December 2020 / Accepted: 18 December 2020 / Published: 21 December 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Perspectives for Candidiasis)
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Abstract

Candida lusitaniae is a rare cause of candidemia that is known for its unique capability to rapidly acquire resistance to amphotericin B. We report the case of an adolescent with grade IV graft-vs.-host disease after hematopoietic cell transplantation who developed catheter-associated C. lusitaniae candidemia while on therapeutic doses of liposomal amphotericin B. We review the epidemiology of C. lusitaniae bloodstream infections in adult and pediatric patients, the development of resistance, and its role in breakthrough candidemia. Appropriate species identification, in vitro susceptibility testing, and source control are pivotal to optimal management of C. lusitaniae candidemia. Initial antifungal therapy may consist of an echinocandin and be guided by in vitro susceptibility and clinical response.
Keywords: Candida lusitaniae; candidemia; resistance; breakthrough; infection; transplantation Candida lusitaniae; candidemia; resistance; breakthrough; infection; transplantation

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MDPI and ACS Style

Apsemidou, A.; Füller, M.A.; Idelevich, E.A.; Kurzai, O.; Tragiannidis, A.; Groll, A.H. Candida lusitaniae Breakthrough Fungemia in an Immuno-Compromised Adolescent: Case Report and Review of the Literature. J. Fungi 2020, 6, 380. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof6040380

AMA Style

Apsemidou A, Füller MA, Idelevich EA, Kurzai O, Tragiannidis A, Groll AH. Candida lusitaniae Breakthrough Fungemia in an Immuno-Compromised Adolescent: Case Report and Review of the Literature. Journal of Fungi. 2020; 6(4):380. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof6040380

Chicago/Turabian Style

Apsemidou, Athanasia, Miriam Antonie Füller, Evgeny A. Idelevich, Oliver Kurzai, Athanasios Tragiannidis, and Andreas H. Groll. 2020. "Candida lusitaniae Breakthrough Fungemia in an Immuno-Compromised Adolescent: Case Report and Review of the Literature" Journal of Fungi 6, no. 4: 380. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof6040380

APA Style

Apsemidou, A., Füller, M. A., Idelevich, E. A., Kurzai, O., Tragiannidis, A., & Groll, A. H. (2020). Candida lusitaniae Breakthrough Fungemia in an Immuno-Compromised Adolescent: Case Report and Review of the Literature. Journal of Fungi, 6(4), 380. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof6040380

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