Ganoderma zonatum Is the Causal Agent of Basal Stem Rot in Oil Palm in Colombia
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Description of Symptoms and Preparation of Isolates of Ganoderma spp.
2.2. Preparation of Inoculum
2.3. Assessment of the Pathogenicity of the Isolates
2.4. Assessment of Somatic Compatibility of the Isolates of Ganoderma spp.
2.5. Molecular Identification of Isolates Associated with BSR
3. Results
3.1. Description of Symptoms and Preparation of Isolates
3.2. Isolates and Pathogenicity Tests
3.3. Assessment of Somatic Compatibility of Isolates of Ganoderma
3.4. Molecular Identification of Isolates Associated with BSR
4. Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Species | Voucher | Origin | GenBank Accession Number | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ITS | rpb2 | tef1-α | |||
Ganoderma boninense | WD 2028 | Japan | KJ143905 | KJ143964 | KJ143924 |
Ganoderma boninense | WD 2085 | Japan | KJ143906 | KJ143965 | KJ143925 |
Ganoderma zonatum | FL 02 | FL-USA | KJ143921 | KJ143979 | KJ143941 |
Ganoderma zonatum | FL 03 | FL-USA | KJ143922 | KJ143980 | KJ143942 |
Ganoderma lucidum | Cui 9207 | Yunnan, China | KJ143910 | KJ143970 | KJ143928 |
Ganoderma lucidum | K 175217 | UK | KJ143911 | KJ143971 | KJ143929 |
Tomophagus colossus | TC 02 | Vietnam | KJ143923 | - | KJ143943 |
Tomophagus colossus | CGMCC5 763 | Philippines | - | JQ081070 | - |
Isolate | Disease Incidence (Weeks Post Inoculation) (%) | Mean Disease Severity Index (DSI) (Weeks Post Inoculation) (%) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
20 | 23 | 26 | 29 | 20 | 23 | 26 | 29 | ||
T1 | CPBsZN-01-29 | 52 | 88 | 90 | 96 | 11.00 (2.8) c | 20.67 (3.54) b | 26.50 (1.73) bc | 28.83 (0.57) c |
T2 | CPBsZN-02-30 | 68 | 88 | 88 | 94 | 15.16 (1.6) b | 21.17 (1.60) b | 22.50 (0.50) d | 23.50 (0.50) e |
T3 | CPBsZN-03-31 | 66 | 90 | 98 | 98 | 15.00 (1.3) b | 23.00 (1.32) b | 28.00 (2.00) b | 30.67 (0.28) b |
T4 | CPBsZN-04-34 | 68 | 86 | 92 | 96 | 15.33 (2.5) b | 22.33 (1.89) b | 26.67 (1.52) bc | 31.16 (1.60) b |
T5 | CPBsZN-05-35 | 70 | 96 | 98 | 98 | 16.50 (2.2) ab | 22.33 (2.25) b | 25.00 (0.00) c | 24.67 (0.28) d |
T6 | CPBsZN-06-36 | 74 | 92 | 98 | 100 | 19.33 (2.3) a | 27.50 (1.00) a | 30.67 (1.60) a | 34.00 (0.50) a |
T7 | CPBsZN-07-38 | 82 | 92 | 98 | 98 | 18.33 (2.0) ab | 23.17 (0.28) b | 24.67 (0.28) c | 24.50 (0.00) de |
T8 | Control 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.00 d | 0.00 c | 0.00 e | 0.00 f |
T9 | Control 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.00 d | 0.00 c | 0.00 e | 0.00 f |
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Castillo, S.Y.; Rodríguez, M.C.; González, L.F.; Zúñiga, L.F.; Mestizo, Y.A.; Medina, H.C.; Montoya, C.; Morales, A.; Romero, H.M.; Sarria, G.A. Ganoderma zonatum Is the Causal Agent of Basal Stem Rot in Oil Palm in Colombia. J. Fungi 2022, 8, 230. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8030230
Castillo SY, Rodríguez MC, González LF, Zúñiga LF, Mestizo YA, Medina HC, Montoya C, Morales A, Romero HM, Sarria GA. Ganoderma zonatum Is the Causal Agent of Basal Stem Rot in Oil Palm in Colombia. Journal of Fungi. 2022; 8(3):230. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8030230
Chicago/Turabian StyleCastillo, Sandra Yulieth, María Camila Rodríguez, Luis Felipe González, León Franky Zúñiga, Yuri Adriana Mestizo, Héctor Camilo Medina, Carmenza Montoya, Anuar Morales, Hernán Mauricio Romero, and Greicy Andrea Sarria. 2022. "Ganoderma zonatum Is the Causal Agent of Basal Stem Rot in Oil Palm in Colombia" Journal of Fungi 8, no. 3: 230. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8030230