Methods and Protocols, Volume 8, Issue 6

To develop an effective strategy for in vitro mRNA production, it is crucial to evaluate the efficiency of the in vitro transcription platform. This can be accomplished using reporter genes, such as the luciferase-encoding gene. Luciferase activity a...

Two-legged hopping is a well-established model for assessing leg stiffness; however, in existing studies, it is unclear whether the trial segment selection affects the results. This study aimed to assess if the selected hopping segment alters the val...

ESKAPE bacteria are a major global threat due to their rapid antibiotic resistance acquisition and severe healthcare-associated infections. Effective countermeasures require epidemiological surveillance and resistance transmission studies, particular...

Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs), such as the Alzheimer’s-associated tau protein, pose challenges for conventional drug discovery. This study applied the Informational Spectrum Method for Small Molecules (ISM-SM), a computational techni...

Objective: Motivational Interviewing may be an ideal communication style to use in conjunction with Collaborative Care to address opioid risk, as it can facilitate the discussion of alternative pain care strategies (APCSs) that are pharmacological (A...

Machine learning (ML) excels over regression by automatically capturing complex, non-linear relationships and interactions, enabling more flexible and accurate predictions without strict assumptions. This study focuses on developing ML-based predicti...

The increasing frequency, duration, and intensity of wildfires over the past decade have raised significant concerns about widespread exposure to wildfire smoke. Inhalation of wildfire smoke poses a substantial risk to human health, with epidemiologi...

A straightforward whole-mount approach has been developed that uses fluorescence imaging, mouse trachea, and a range of off-the-shelf reagents for rapidly evaluating substance toxicity within the ciliated respiratory epithelium. Using this protocol,...

L-Carnitine (L-CAR) and acetyl-L-carnitine (Acetyl L-CAR) are the essential cofactor compounds in lipid metabolism and are used in the treatment of various diseases. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has reported that Acetyl-L-CAR contributes...

Investigation of molecular mechanisms that underlie the toxicity of reactive oxidants requires the usage of reductionist cellular models, where laboratory cultures are treated by known doses of the target compounds in strictly controlled conditions....

Drug discovery remains a time-consuming and costly process, necessitating innovative computational approaches to accelerate early stage target identification and compound development. We introduce AgentMol, a modular multimodel AI system that integra...

We previously developed a bead-coupled ligase detection reaction (LDR) assay that enables simple and rapid detection of single-nucleotide variations (SNVs) using synthetic oligonucleotide templates. In the present study, this approach was extended to...

Retinal detachment (RD) disrupts the eye’s immune-privileged status, causing a local inflammatory response that contributes to adverse clinical outcomes, including proliferative vitreoretinopathy and suboptimal visual recovery. Comprehensive pr...

We have developed a method for in vivo quantitation of lung delivery of inhaled nebulized drugs by measuring a fluorescent-labeled analog in bronchioalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) collected immediately after inhalation dosing. The effectiveness of deli...

The presence of antioxidants in food contributes to the preservation of its taste and technological qualities, preventing its spoilage for a longer time, which is important at all stages of production and storage. The major antioxidants are vitamins,...

For many therapeutic agents to be effective against intracellular targets, they must first be able to penetrate the cell membrane. Current methodologies for assessing internalization, such as confocal microscopy and conventional flow cytometry, are l...

The fatty acid composition of some seed oils from plants of emerging interest was studied. The benefits towards human health were evaluated by taking into account current recommendations regarding dietary intake of essential, polyunsaturated, and mon...

Intravenous medications are frequently administered through shared catheter lines in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) due to the limited venous access in preterm infants, raising concerns about drug incompatibilities that may cause serious compl...

Blood flow restriction (BFR) and body cooling (BC) have been investigated separately during exercise, but little is known about their concurrent use. This study examined acute metabolic responses, respiratory physiology, and rate of perceived exertio...

The Transdermal Drug Delivery System (TDDS) offers several benefits, such as enhanced patient adherence, controlled release, reduced gastric irritation, and the bypassing of the first-pass metabolism. However, not all drugs can be delivered through t...

Background: Shoulder soft tissue disorders, such as rotator cuff tears and subacromial impingement, are among the most common causes of musculoskeletal disability. Both physical examination tests and imaging techniques are routinely used in clinical...

Background: Developing clinically relevant experimental models of the human airway can significantly advance our understanding of the mechanisms underlying airway diseases and aid in translating potential therapies to clinical settings. The aim of th...

In the nuclear industry, the decontamination of nuclear metallic structures is an essential process to reduce radiation exposure during maintenance or dismantling. The oxide layer, such as chromium (III) oxide (Cr₂O₃), formed on stainless steel and n...

Hemodynamics significantly impact the biology of endothelial cells (ECs) lining the blood vessels. ECs are exposed to various hemodynamic forces, particularly frictional shear stress from flowing blood. While physiological flows are critical for the...

This study discusses the challenges encountered in implementing a detailed protocol for upper abdominal imaging using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ranging from patient preparation and sequence selection to clinical applications. MRI is a valuabl...

The prevalence of low-birth-weight infants has increased over the past 40 years to approximately 9–10% of Japanese live births. This study aims to identify healthy lifestyle behaviors and psychosocial factors contributing to appropriate perinat...

Cancer development in BRCA1 carriers is a multi-step process, which is triggered by several factors and mechanisms that are not clearly understood. Most BRCA1 carriers develop triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC)—estrogen receptor (ER)-, proges...

Abnormal adenylosuccinate lyase (ADSL) activity is associated with cancer and neurodevelopmental processes. However, a cell-permeable ADSL inhibitor is not yet available. Our high-throughput screen identified NF-449 as a potential lead compound. To i...