Physics, Volume 2, Issue 4

The event-shape and multiplicity dependence of the chemical freeze-out temperature ($T_{\mathrm{ch}}$), freeze-out radius (R), and strangeness saturation factor (${\gamma }_s$) are obtained by studying the particle yields from the PYTHIA8 Monte Carlo event generator in...

A technique devised some years ago permits us to develop a theory regarding a regime of strong perturbations. This translates into a gradient expansion that, at the leading order, can recover the Belinsky-Kalathnikov-Lifshitz solution for general rel...

We present an overview of a proposal in relativistic proton-proton ($pp$) collisions emphasizing the thermal or kinetic freeze-out stage in the framework of the Tsallis distribution. In this paper we take into account the chemical potential present in...

In this paper, the Maxwell equations for the electric field in a cold magnetized plasma in the half-space of $x\ge 0$ cm are solved. The boundary conditions for the electric field include a pointwise source at the plane $x=0$ cm, the derivatives of the elec...

This paper proposes a method for examining chaotic structures in semiconductor or alloy voltage oscillation time-series, and focuses on the case of the TlInTe₂ semiconductor. The available voltage time-series are characterized by instabilities in neg...

A standard criterium in statistics is to define an optimal estimator as the one with the minimum variance. Thus, the optimality is proved with inequality among variances of competing estimators. The demonstrations of inequalities among estimators are...

The paper presents experimental data and a model of an electromagnetic rail accelerator. The model includes an equivalent circuit, magnetic field in the system and movement of the projectile (that is solved separately) which is computed numerically....

Kaluza was the first to realize that the four-dimensional gravitational field of general relativity and the classical electromagnetic field behave as if they were components of a five-dimensional gravitational field. We present a novel experimental t...

Superstatistical approaches have played a crucial role in the investigations of mixtures of Gaussian processes. Such approaches look to describe non-Gaussian diffusion emergence in single-particle tracking experiments realized in soft and biological...

The quantum harmonic oscillator is a fundamental piece of physics. In this paper, we present a self-contained full-fledged analytical solution to the quantum harmonic oscillator. To this end, we use an eight-step procedure that only uses standard mat...

Since the pioneering works of Newton (1643–1727), mechanics has been constantly reinventing itself: reformulated in particular by Lagrange (1736–1813) then Hamilton (1805–1865), it now offers powerful conceptual and mathematical too...

Laser- and beam-driven plasma accelerators promise electron beam brightness at the exit of plasma cells suitable for X-ray free-electron lasers. Beam transport from the accelerator to the undulator may include a multi-bend, energy-dispersive switchya...