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Review

Diet Modifications towards Restoration of Insulin Sensitivity and Daily Insulin Fluctuations in Diabetes

by
Ana Magalhães
1,†,
Cátia Barra
1,2,*,†,
Ana Borges
1,3 and
Lèlita Santos
1,2,4
1
Internal Medicine Service, Coimbra Hospital and University Centre, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
2
Coimbra Institute of Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine and Center of Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
3
Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
4
CIMAGO Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Diabetology 2022, 3(4), 606-614; https://doi.org/10.3390/diabetology3040046
Submission received: 30 September 2022 / Revised: 15 November 2022 / Accepted: 18 November 2022 / Published: 22 November 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Modulation of Dietary Sugars as a Strategy to Improve Insulin Resistance and Energy Balance in Diabetes)
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Abstract

The circadian rhythm is essential in order to maintain metabolic homeostasis and insulin sensitivity. Disruption of circadian mechanisms is associated with the development of metabolic diseases, such as diabetes. Lifestyle changes such as an equilibrated diet and physical activity are known to improve glycaemic control in diabetic patients. One of the mechanisms possibly involved in such an improvement is the restoration of insulin circadian rhythms. There are several available dietary schemes based on circadian rhythms. Some of them are associated with better regulation of daily insulin fluctuations and the improvement of Type 2 Diabetes and metabolic syndrome. In the current review, we aim to explore how the different types of diet can impact glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity in patients with diabetes, highlighting the interactions with the mechanisms of circadian insulin rhythm and the prevention of hyperinsulinemia.
Keywords: daily insulin fluctuation; insulin sensitivity; diets; circadian rhythm daily insulin fluctuation; insulin sensitivity; diets; circadian rhythm

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MDPI and ACS Style

Magalhães, A.; Barra, C.; Borges, A.; Santos, L. Diet Modifications towards Restoration of Insulin Sensitivity and Daily Insulin Fluctuations in Diabetes. Diabetology 2022, 3, 606-614. https://doi.org/10.3390/diabetology3040046

AMA Style

Magalhães A, Barra C, Borges A, Santos L. Diet Modifications towards Restoration of Insulin Sensitivity and Daily Insulin Fluctuations in Diabetes. Diabetology. 2022; 3(4):606-614. https://doi.org/10.3390/diabetology3040046

Chicago/Turabian Style

Magalhães, Ana, Cátia Barra, Ana Borges, and Lèlita Santos. 2022. "Diet Modifications towards Restoration of Insulin Sensitivity and Daily Insulin Fluctuations in Diabetes" Diabetology 3, no. 4: 606-614. https://doi.org/10.3390/diabetology3040046

APA Style

Magalhães, A., Barra, C., Borges, A., & Santos, L. (2022). Diet Modifications towards Restoration of Insulin Sensitivity and Daily Insulin Fluctuations in Diabetes. Diabetology, 3(4), 606-614. https://doi.org/10.3390/diabetology3040046

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