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Abstract

Nucleation Activity of Graphene in Polyamide 6-Based Nanocomposites Prepared by In Situ Polymerization †

by
Joana Lagarinhos
1,2 and
Martinho Oliveira
1,2,*
1
EMaRT Group—Emerging: Materials, Research, Technology, School of Design, Management and Production Technologies, University of Aveiro, Estrada do Cercal 449, 3720-509 Oliveira de Azeméis, Portugal
2
CICECO—Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
Presented at the Materiais 2022, Marinha Grande, Portugal, 10–13 April 2022.
Mater. Proc. 2022, 8(1), 83; https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2022008083
Published: 8 June 2022
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of MATERIAIS 2022)
Versions Notes

Graphene-based materials (GBM) are growing attention in automotive industry, due to potential of development lightweight structure parts with superior mechanical performance and thermal conductivity [1]. Polyamide 6 (PA6) nanocomposites reinforced with graphene were prepared by in situ polymerization through thermoplastic resin transfer molding (T-RTM) technology. T-RTM is a promising technology for mass manufacturing of lighter automotive parts [2].
A non-isothermal crystallization study was performed using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) at four different rates (5, 10, 15, and 20 °C/min). Dobreva and Gutzow method [3,4] was applied to study the nucleation activity (Φ) of graphene in PA6 matrix. Results showed that graphene acted as an active surface by revealing Φ value lower than 1, suggesting that it acts as a nucleating agent during non-isothermal crystallization.

Author Contributions

Conceptualization, methodology, formal analysis, investigation, and writing—original draft preparation, J.L.; writing—review and editing, supervision and funding acquisition, M.O. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

Funding

The authors would like to acknowledge to Simoldes Group for partially funding this research. This is a project in collaboration with Simoldes Plásticos, S.A. This work was developed within the scope of the project CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, UIDB/50011/2020, UIDP/50011/2020 & LA/P/0006/2020, financed by national funds through the FCT/MEC (PIDDAC).

Institutional Review Board Statement

Not applicable.

Informed Consent Statement

Not applicable.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

References

  1. Elmarakbi, A.; El-Safty, S.; Martorana, B.; Azoti, W. Nanocomposites for Automotive: Enhanced Graphene-based Polyer Materials and Multi-Scale Approach. Int. J. Automot. Compos. 2017, 2, 155–166. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  2. Zaldua, N.; Maiz, J.; de la Calle, A.; García-Arrieta, S.; Elizetxea, C.; Harismendy, I.; Tercjak, A.; Müller, A.J. Nucleation and crystallization of PA6 composites prepared by T-RTM: Effects of carbon and glass fiber loading. Polymers 2019, 11, 1680. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
  3. Dobreva, A.; Gutzow, I. Activity of substrates in the catalyzed nucleation of glass-forming melts. I. Theory. J. Non-Cryst. Solids 1993, 162, 1–12. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  4. Dobreva, A.; Gutzow, I. Activity of substrates in the catalyzed nucleation of glass-forming melts. II. Experimental evidence. J. Non-Cryst. Solids 1993, 162, 13–25. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
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MDPI and ACS Style

Lagarinhos, J.; Oliveira, M. Nucleation Activity of Graphene in Polyamide 6-Based Nanocomposites Prepared by In Situ Polymerization. Mater. Proc. 2022, 8, 83. https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2022008083

AMA Style

Lagarinhos J, Oliveira M. Nucleation Activity of Graphene in Polyamide 6-Based Nanocomposites Prepared by In Situ Polymerization. Materials Proceedings. 2022; 8(1):83. https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2022008083

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lagarinhos, Joana, and Martinho Oliveira. 2022. "Nucleation Activity of Graphene in Polyamide 6-Based Nanocomposites Prepared by In Situ Polymerization" Materials Proceedings 8, no. 1: 83. https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2022008083

APA Style

Lagarinhos, J., & Oliveira, M. (2022). Nucleation Activity of Graphene in Polyamide 6-Based Nanocomposites Prepared by In Situ Polymerization. Materials Proceedings, 8(1), 83. https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2022008083

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