Immuno, Volume 1, Issue 4

The gut microbiota has diverse microbial components, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. The interaction between gut microbiome components and immune responses has been studied extensively over the last decade. Several studies have reported the p...

Intestinal fibrosis is one of the most common intestinal complications observed in inflammatory bowel disease, especially Crohn’s disease (CD). Intestinal fibrosis in CD is associated with chronic inflammation resulting from immunologic abnorma...

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an intractable disorder characterized by a chronic inflammation of the colon. Studies have identified UC as a multifactorial disorder affected by both genetic and environmental factors; however, the precise mechanism remain...

Entheseal spinal inflammation and new bone formation with progressive ankylosis may occur in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). This study evaluated whether JAK inhibition with tofacitinib modulated the key disease associated...

Further observations support the role of environmental factors in autoimmune diseases via the alteration of the epigenetic machinery. In this context, ultraviolet light, smoking, chemicals, and psychological stress have been described as likely examp...

Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are well-known for their immunomodulatory potential. In recent clinical trials and in vivo studies, hMSCs were used as therapeutic measures to dampen inflammation. In this context, their effect on macrophages in v...

The inflammatory response of gestating females to infection or stress can disrupt gene expression in the offspring’s amygdala, resulting in lasting neurodevelopmental, physiological, and behavioral disorders. The effects of maternal immune acti...

Viral infections represent a major health problem worldwide. Due to the wide variety of etiological agents and their increasing resistance to anti-virals and antibiotics treatments, new strategies for effective therapies need to be developed. Scienti...

Obeticholic acid (OCA) improves cholestasis and is generally well tolerated in patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) not responding, or intolerant, to ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA). As PBC is mainly a cholestatic disorder, less attention is p...

The SARS-CoV-2 infection spread rapidly throughout the world and appears to involve in both humoral and cell-mediated immunity. SARS-CoV-2 is attached to host cells via binding to the viral spike (S) proteins and its cellular receptors angiotensin-co...