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Review

Microbial Multienzyme Viz., Pectinase, Cellulase and Amylase Production Using Fruit and Vegetable Waste as Substrate—A Review

1
Post Harvest Management Division, ICAR—Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture, Rehmankhera, P.O. Kakori, Lucknow 226101, Uttar Pradesh, India
2
Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Lucknow Campus, Lucknow 226028, Uttar Pradesh, India
3
Crop Improvement and Biotechnology Division, ICAR—Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture, Rehmankhera, P.O. Kakori, Lucknow 226101, Uttar Pradesh, India
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Appl. Microbiol. 2024, 4(3), 1232-1246; https://doi.org/10.3390/applmicrobiol4030084
Submission received: 17 June 2024 / Revised: 10 August 2024 / Accepted: 13 August 2024 / Published: 15 August 2024

Abstract

Around 70 million metric tonnes of fruit and vegetable waste (FVW) are produced each year and are eventually discarded as wholesale garbage. Microorganisms decompose this FVW, which has led to environmental contamination, greenhouse gas emissions, and other impacts related to climate change. If FVW are used properly, they can reduce environmental damage and also boost a nation’s economy. FVW contain vast amounts of biopolymers, viz., pectin, cellulose, and starch, all of which are hydrolysed by microbes with the aid of the pectinase, cellulase, and amylase enzymes, respectively. Therefore, in light of this, the intervention of microorganisms for the production of pectinase, cellulase, and amylase could be a safe, cost-effective, and eco-friendly approach for the precise utilisation of FVW. Nowadays, thermophilic multienzymes are extracted from a group of hot spring microbes. Thermophilic multienzymes are more capable of surviving at high temperatures and have less degrading capability. Moreover, through this advancement, we can obtain vast amounts of pectinase, cellulase, and amylase enzymes within a short period of time. This microbial enzyme preparation might be helpful in food, textiles, paper, pulp, animal feed supplements, detergents, juice/pulp clarity, leather, and other related sectors.
Keywords: FVW; industrial application; PCA; substrate FVW; industrial application; PCA; substrate

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MDPI and ACS Style

Singh, B.; Soni, S.K.; Mathur, P.; Garg, N. Microbial Multienzyme Viz., Pectinase, Cellulase and Amylase Production Using Fruit and Vegetable Waste as Substrate—A Review. Appl. Microbiol. 2024, 4, 1232-1246. https://doi.org/10.3390/applmicrobiol4030084

AMA Style

Singh B, Soni SK, Mathur P, Garg N. Microbial Multienzyme Viz., Pectinase, Cellulase and Amylase Production Using Fruit and Vegetable Waste as Substrate—A Review. Applied Microbiology. 2024; 4(3):1232-1246. https://doi.org/10.3390/applmicrobiol4030084

Chicago/Turabian Style

Singh, Balvindra, Sumit K. Soni, Priti Mathur, and Neelima Garg. 2024. "Microbial Multienzyme Viz., Pectinase, Cellulase and Amylase Production Using Fruit and Vegetable Waste as Substrate—A Review" Applied Microbiology 4, no. 3: 1232-1246. https://doi.org/10.3390/applmicrobiol4030084

APA Style

Singh, B., Soni, S. K., Mathur, P., & Garg, N. (2024). Microbial Multienzyme Viz., Pectinase, Cellulase and Amylase Production Using Fruit and Vegetable Waste as Substrate—A Review. Applied Microbiology, 4(3), 1232-1246. https://doi.org/10.3390/applmicrobiol4030084

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