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ChemEngineering
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Advanced Heat Exchangers for Waste Heat Recovery Applications
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Advanced Heat Exchangers for Waste Heat Recovery Applications

A special issue of ChemEngineering (ISSN 2305-7084).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (23 June 2021) | Viewed by 22867

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Hussam Jouhara

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Engineering, Design and Physical Sciences, Brunel University London, London UB8 3PH, UK
Interests: waste heat recovery technologies; heat pipe; heat exchangers; multi-phase heat transfer

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The UN ambitiously sets targets and strategies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, tackle global warming, and ensure the environmental sustainability of the world. It is estimated that, globally, industrial energy use is responsible for 33% of heat-related greenhouse gas emissions and approximately 70% of the energy demand of the industrial sector is for heat. All heating processes result in significant quantities of waste heat, up to 50% in some cases, and it is widely acknowledged that there is significant potential for heat recovery.

Waste heat is the energy that is produced in various industrial and domestic processes but is not put into any practical use and is lost to the environment. Heat exchangers of various designs are used to recover this waste heat to secure its recovery back into use in the same process or to export it for use in other adjacent applications. Technologies that can be considered for waste heat recovery include recuperators, furnace and rotary regenerators, regenerative and recuperative burners, passive air preheaters, plate heat exchangers and economisers, as well as units such as waste heat boilers and deep economisers. Furthermore, the uses of new emerging technologies for direct heat to power conversion such as thermoelectric, piezoelectric, thermionic, and thermos photo voltaic (TPV) power generation are of interest. On the other hand, techniques such as direct contact condensation recovery, indirect contact condensation recovery, transport membrane condensation and the use of units such as cogeneration or combined heat and power (CHP), heat recovery steam generators (HRSGs), heat pipe systems, Organic Rankine cycles, including Supercritical Organic Rankine cycles and the Kalina cycle, that recover and exchange waste heat with potential energy content can be studied. These systems can be modelled with the use of simulation software, such as TRNSYS, Aspen, or any other software through which, analyses for energy optimization of a process can be conducted.

It is indicated that enhancing the designs of energy systems is also of significance as it will lead to a reduction in energy intake for the same output; which can nonetheless lead to lower emission levels. Therefore, it is of interest to discover how the use and deployment of innovative waste heat recovery technologies in industrial processes could result in lowering harmful emissions, reduction of fuel consumption and consequently improvement of production efficiency.

Based on the above, a Special Issue on “Advanced Heat Exchangers for Waste Heat Recovery Applications” is open for all contributors in the field of Heat Energy and energy recycling. We invite submissions of novel and original papers to this special issue that extend and advance our scientific/technical understanding of the waste heat recovery and heat exchanging systems that included, but not limited to:

  • Single and multi-phase heat transfer;
  • Waste heat recovery systems;
  • Energy conversion systems;
  • Energy flow modelling and optimization;
  • Advances in heat exchangers designs;
  • Advances in environmentally friendly fuels;
  • Energy from Waste.

Before submission authors should carefully read the journal’s guide for authors.

Review papers are by invitation only. Please note that only relevant articles to the scope of the Special Issue will be considered.

Prof. Dr. Hussam Jouhara
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. ChemEngineering is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Waste Heat
  • Recovery Technologies
  • Recovery Techniques
  • Fuel Consumption
  • Energy Optimization
  • Greenhouse Gas Emissions
  • Industrial Processes
  • Modelling
  • Production Efficiency

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Editorial

Jump to: Research

2 pages, 201 KiB  
Editorial
Advanced Heat Exchangers for Waste Heat Recovery Applications
by Hussam Jouhara
ChemEngineering 2023, 7(1), 3; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemengineering7010003 - 9 Jan 2023
Viewed by 2113
Abstract
The incentive for industrial waste heat recovery, which has attracted much research interest in recent years, has been twofold: the obligation to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in line with climate change targets and the need for processes to reduce overall energy consumption in [...] Read more.
The incentive for industrial waste heat recovery, which has attracted much research interest in recent years, has been twofold: the obligation to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in line with climate change targets and the need for processes to reduce overall energy consumption in order to remain commercially competitive [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Heat Exchangers for Waste Heat Recovery Applications)

Research

Jump to: Editorial

16 pages, 4516 KiB  
Article
Investigation and Computational Modelling of Variable TEG Leg Geometries
by Qusay Doraghi, Navid Khordehgah, Alina Żabnieńska-Góra, Lujean Ahmad, Les Norman, Darem Ahmad and Hussam Jouhara
ChemEngineering 2021, 5(3), 45; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemengineering5030045 - 4 Aug 2021
Cited by 25 | Viewed by 4158
Abstract
In this work, computational modelling and performance assessment of several different types of variable thermoelectric legs have been performed under steady-state conditions and the results reviewed. The study conducted has covered geometries, not previously analysed in the literature, such as Cone-leg and Diamond-leg, [...] Read more.
In this work, computational modelling and performance assessment of several different types of variable thermoelectric legs have been performed under steady-state conditions and the results reviewed. The study conducted has covered geometries, not previously analysed in the literature, such as Cone-leg and Diamond-leg, based on the corresponding thermoelectric generator leg shape structure. According to the findings, it has been demonstrated that the inclusion of a variable cross-section can have an impact on the efficiency of a thermoelectric generator. It has been concluded that the Diamond configuration generated a slightly larger voltage difference than the conventional Rectangular geometry. In addition, for two cases, Rectangular and Diamond configurations, the voltage generated by a TEG module consisting of 128 pairs of legs was analysed. As thermal stress analysis is an important factor in the selection of TEG leg geometries, it was observed based on simulations that the newly implemented Diamond-leg geometry encountered lower thermal stresses than the traditional Rectangular model, while the Cone-shape may fail structurally before the other TEG models. The proposed methodology, taking into account the results of the simulation carried out, provides guidance for the development of thermoelectric modules with different forms of variable leg geometry. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Heat Exchangers for Waste Heat Recovery Applications)
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14 pages, 5045 KiB  
Article
Energy Performance Analysis of a PV/T System Coupled with Domestic Hot Water System
by Navid Khordehgah, Alina Żabnieńska-Góra and Hussam Jouhara
ChemEngineering 2020, 4(2), 22; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemengineering4020022 - 30 Mar 2020
Cited by 26 | Viewed by 4292
Abstract
In this paper, a standalone photovoltaics-thermal solar panel is modelled using the TRNSYS simulation engine. Based on this, it was explored how such a system can be comprised of thermal and electrical storage components to provide electricity and hot water for a dwelling [...] Read more.
In this paper, a standalone photovoltaics-thermal solar panel is modelled using the TRNSYS simulation engine. Based on this, it was explored how such a system can be comprised of thermal and electrical storage components to provide electricity and hot water for a dwelling in a warm location in Europe. Furthermore, it was investigated how, by cooling the temperature of the solar cells, the electrical power output and efficiency of the panel was improved. The performance of the system was also studied, and the amount that the solar panel was able to convert the solar energy into electricity was investigated. Through this, we discovered that when the temperature of the panel was reduced, on average, by 20%, the electrical power output increased by nearly 12%. Moreover, it was demonstrated that the modelled system can provide hot water under different solar radiation conditions and during all seasons of the year. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Heat Exchangers for Waste Heat Recovery Applications)
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16 pages, 3112 KiB  
Article
Performance Evaluation of a Small-Scale Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage Unit for Heating Applications Based on a Nanocomposite Organic PCM
by Maria K. Koukou, George Dogkas, Michail Gr. Vrachopoulos, John Konstantaras, Christos Pagkalos, Kostas Lymperis, Vassilis Stathopoulos, George Evangelakis, Costas Prouskas, Luis Coelho and Amandio Rebola
ChemEngineering 2019, 3(4), 88; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemengineering3040088 - 1 Nov 2019
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3760
Abstract
A small-scale latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) unit for heating applications was studied experimentally using an organic phase change material (PCM). The unit comprised of a tank filled with the PCM, a staggered heat exchanger (HE) for transferring heat from and to [...] Read more.
A small-scale latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) unit for heating applications was studied experimentally using an organic phase change material (PCM). The unit comprised of a tank filled with the PCM, a staggered heat exchanger (HE) for transferring heat from and to the PCM, and a water pump to circulate water as a heat transfer fluid (HTF). The performance of the unit using the commercial organic paraffin A44 was studied in order to understand the thermal behavior of the system and the main parameters that influence heat transfer during the PCM melting and solidification processes. The latter will assist the design of a large-scale unit. The effect of flow rate was studied given that it significantly affects charging (melting) and discharging (solidification) processes. In addition, as organic PCMs have low thermal conductivity, the possible improvement of the PCM’s thermal behavior by means of nanoparticle addition was investigated. The obtained results were promising and showed that the use of graphite-based nanoplatelets improves the PCM thermal behavior. Charging was clearly faster and more efficient, while with the appropriate tuning of the HTF flow rate, an efficient discharging was accomplished. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Heat Exchangers for Waste Heat Recovery Applications)
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17 pages, 4931 KiB  
Article
Heat Integration of a Boiler and Its Corresponding Environmental Study in an Oleochemical Production Plant: An Industry Case Study in Malaysia
by Kai Seng Koh, Shee Jia Chew, Chee Ming Choo and Vui Soon Chok
ChemEngineering 2019, 3(4), 82; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemengineering3040082 - 4 Oct 2019
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 4549
Abstract
The growing demands for oleochemical products are expected to reach approximately RM 157.59 billion by 2026 due to an increased drive from the food and beverages, chemicals, and pharmaceutical industries. However, this will lead to an increase in energy consumption and subsequent flue [...] Read more.
The growing demands for oleochemical products are expected to reach approximately RM 157.59 billion by 2026 due to an increased drive from the food and beverages, chemicals, and pharmaceutical industries. However, this will lead to an increase in energy consumption and subsequent flue gas emission. Proper utilization of waste gas recovery systems is thus a major research area, focusing on reducing fuel consumption and emissions of greenhouse gases without affecting process performance. In this paper, a palm oil-based oleochemical plant is studied. The fuel consumption and emission of flue gas from a thermal oil boiler were measured and the feasibility of implementation of a waste heat recovery system and its environmental impact study. The results show that the implementation of such a system can reduce natural fuel gas consumption by 17.29% and approximately 149.29 t per annum of carbon dioxide gas (CO2). Moreover, the concentration of CO2 released into highly-populated communities is estimated through a Gaussian Plume Model at different wind speed conditions. The preliminary results show that the CO2 concentration at two locations—an apartment and a local school located within 1.5 km of the plant—is well below the concentration limit of 1.938 g/m3 recommended by the Wisconsin Department of Health and Services. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Heat Exchangers for Waste Heat Recovery Applications)
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18 pages, 861 KiB  
Article
On the Impact of the Dynamics of Heat Transfer of the Thermal Machine Working Fluid and Heat Sources on the Shape of the Boundary of the Set of Realizable Regimes
by Margarita A. Zaeva, Anatoly M. Tsirlin and Olga V. Didina
ChemEngineering 2019, 3(2), 36; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemengineering3020036 - 5 Apr 2019
Viewed by 2622
Abstract
From the point of view of finite time thermodynamics, the performance boundaries of thermal machines are considered, taking into account the irreversibility of the heat exchange processes of the working fluid with hot and cold sources. We show how the dynamics of heat [...] Read more.
From the point of view of finite time thermodynamics, the performance boundaries of thermal machines are considered, taking into account the irreversibility of the heat exchange processes of the working fluid with hot and cold sources. We show how the dynamics of heat exchange affects the shape of the optimal cycle of a heat engine and its performance, in particular, energy conversion efficiency in the maximum power mode. This energy conversion efficiency can depend only on the ratio of the heat transfer coefficients to the sources, or not depend on them at all. A class of dynamic functions corresponding to “natural” requirements is introduced and it is shown that, for any dynamics from this class, the optimal cycle consists of two isotherms and two adiabats, not only for the maximum power problem, but also for the problem of maximum energy conversion efficiency at a given power. Examples are given for calculating the parameters of the optimal cycle for the cases when the heat transfer coefficient to the cold source is arbitrarily large, and for dynamics in the form of a linear phenomenological (Fourier heat transfer) law. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Heat Exchangers for Waste Heat Recovery Applications)
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