Hypersonic Turbulence Flow Measurements and Simulations

A special issue of Aerospace (ISSN 2226-4310). This special issue belongs to the section "Aeronautics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2023) | Viewed by 1878

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Institute of Aerodynamics and Flow Technology, German Aerospace Center (DLR), 37073 Göttingen, Germany
Interests: fluid mechanics; aeronautics; aerothermodynamics; turbulence; heat transfer; experimental fluid mechanics; computational fluid dynamics; porous materials; hypersonic boundary layer transition; transition control

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Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
Interests: large eddy and direct simulations; hypersonic transition and turbulence; thermoacoustics; non-linear acoustics; heat-and-mass transfer; high-order methods for unstructured grid

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

We are pleased to announce the launch of a new Special Issue on “Hypersonic Turbulence Flow Measurements and Simulations” in the Open Access journal Aerospace with the aim to showcase the state of the art of this discipline and to disseminate new ideas in a field which has recently experienced enormous interest. 

Accurate aerodynamic predictions are critical for the design and optimization of hypersonic vehicles. Turbulence modeling remains a major source of uncertainty in the computational prediction of aerodynamic forces and heating for these systems. Currently, large discrepancies exist between predicted and measured turbulent aerodynamic heating, drag over high-speed configurations, and mean turbulent flow features above complex geometries and/or non-equilibrium conditions, warranting the urgent development and improvement of multi-fidelity computational models. 

High-quality experimental and computational databases for turbulence at Mach numbers above 5 are just starting to make their way into the literature. The present Special Issue aims at boosting the process by inviting contributions focusing on experimental and numerical studies in the field. 

Topics covered include but are not limited to:

  • Experimental test cases on generic and complex geometries exhibiting turbulent flow;
  • Best practice in hypersonic boundary layer tripping;
  • Diagnostics for use in hypersonic turbulent boundary layers as well as high-speed high-enthalpy diagnostics;
  • Review of operational envelope of wind tunnel test facilities with test conditions relevant to hypersonic turbulence;
  • Definition of canonical test cases relevant to hypersonic flight;
  • Detailed comparison of state of the art:
    • numerical strategies such as DNS, LES, etc.;
    • modeling strategies such as WMLES, DES etc.;

      on the same canonical or complex flow setup;

  • DNS, LES and flow measurements of:
  • reproduceable/canonical compressible turbulence cases such as homogeneous isotropic turbulence, channel flow, spatially developing boundary layers, mixing layers, hollow cylinders, cones;
  • complex flow scenarios involving pressure gradient effects, double curvature effects (Bolt-II), or non-zero angles of attack;
  • detailed comparison of state-of-the-art modeling strategies for turbulence/chemistry effects including LES of reactive flows, modeling of high-enthalpy flow effects, non-thermochemical equilibrium. 

Dr. Alexander Wagner
Dr. Carlo Scalo
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Aerospace is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

18 pages, 5398 KiB  
Article
High Enthalpy Non-Equilibrium Expansion Effects in Turbulent Flow of the Conical Nozzle
by Junmou Shen, Zongjie Shao, Feng Ji, Xing Chen, Hongbo Lu and Handong Ma
Aerospace 2023, 10(5), 455; https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace10050455 - 15 May 2023
Viewed by 1222
Abstract
High enthalpy stagnation gas can be converted into hypervelocity flow through the contraction—expansion nozzle. The enthalpy flow in the nozzle can be divided into three regions: an equilibrium region, a non-equilibrium region, and a frozen region. The stagnation gas with a total enthalpy [...] Read more.
High enthalpy stagnation gas can be converted into hypervelocity flow through the contraction—expansion nozzle. The enthalpy flow in the nozzle can be divided into three regions: an equilibrium region, a non-equilibrium region, and a frozen region. The stagnation gas with a total enthalpy of 13.4 MJ/kg is used to analyze the thermochemical non-equilibrium effects. At the selected conditions, the effects of a conical nozzle under different expansion angles of the expansion section, curvature radius of the throat, throat radius, and convergence angle of the convergent section are investigated. Based on the Spalart–Allmaras one-equation turbulence model with the Catris–Aupiox compressibility correction, a multi-block solver for axisymmetric compressible Navier–Stokes equations is applied to simulate the thermochemical non-equilibrium flow in several high enthalpy conical nozzles. The multi-species two-temperature equation is employed in the calculation. The results reveal three interesting characteristics: Firstly, the thermochemical non-equilibrium effects are sensitive to the maximum expansion angle and throat radius but not to the radius of throat curvature and contraction angle. Secondly, as the maximum expansion angle decreases and the throat radius increases, the flow approaches equilibrium state. When the maximum expansion angle decreases from 12° to 4°, the freezing temperature decreases from 2623 K to 2018 K. When the throat diameter increased from 10 mm to 30 mm, the freezing temperature decreased from 2442 K to 2140 K. Finally, the maximum expansion angle and throat radius not only affect the position of the freezing point but also the flow field parameters, such as temperature, Mach number, and species mass fraction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hypersonic Turbulence Flow Measurements and Simulations)
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