Advances in Genomics and Genetic Breeding of Food Crops: Objectives and Strategies

A special issue of Agriculture (ISSN 2077-0472). This special issue belongs to the section "Crop Genetics, Genomics and Breeding".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 September 2022) | Viewed by 2466

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Laboratory of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Center of Agricultural Science and Technology, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000, Campos dos Goytacazes 28013-602, RJ, Brazil
Interests: quantitative genetics; abiotic stress; biotic stress; genetic diversity; crop science; molecular plant breeding
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Global agriculture has suffered significant losses in recent decades due to the intensification of the negative effects of climate change. These extreme weather events and the need to feed a population that by 2050 will reach the 10 billion mark raise concerns about global food security. While plant breeding has been very successful and has provided today’s highly productive crop varieties, the rate of genetic improvement must double to meet projected future demands. Plant breeding and other agricultural technologies have contributed considerably to the reduction in hunger during the last few decades. However, improving crops through conventional breeding approaches is time-consuming and lacks in ability to cope with global food needs. Therefore, current research efforts in crop improvement have advanced in the use of technologies such as genomics, phenomics, and proteomics to increase efficiency and accuracy in plant breeding. In fact, the number of crop breeding programs using OMIC-assisted breeding principles has increased considerably in recent years. Exploiting the advantages of high-throughput techniques can generate advances in the genetic improvement of crops based on OMIC-assisted breeding.

Based on these, in this issue, we will publish reviews and original research papers that focus on advances in the “Genomics and Genetic Breeding of Food Crops”, addressing techniques that can help breeding programs to increase the efficiency and reliability of the results obtained to guarantee food security worldwide.

Dr. Antônio Teixeira do Amaral Junior
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Multi-OMICs approaches (genomics, phenomics, proteomics, etc.)
  • high-throughput techniques
  • grain quality improvement
  • hybrid seed production
  • QTL mapping and GWAS
  • genome sequencing
  • functional genomics
  • genome editing
  • gene regulations
  • epigenetic modifications
  • food security
  • crop improvement
  • speed breeding
  • genomic selection

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 1387 KiB  
Article
Mixed Modeling in Genetic Divergence Study of Elite Popcorn Hybrids (Zea mays var. everta)
by Guilherme Ferreira Pena, Gabrielle Sousa Mafra, Antônio Teixeira do Amaral Júnior, Rafael Ferreira Alfenas, Leonardo Lopes Bhering, Juliana Saltires Santos, Samuel Henrique Kamphorst, Valter Jário de Lima, Talles de Oliveira Santos, Rosimeire Barboza Bispo, Flávia Nicácio Viana, Messias Gonzaga Pereira, Geraldo de Amaral Gravina and Rogério Figueiredo Daher
Agriculture 2022, 12(7), 910; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12070910 - 23 Jun 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2054
Abstract
Popcorn is a food highly appreciated throughout the world, generating billions of dollars annually just in the North American market alone. Even in the face of the historical superiority of American hybrids, which occupy almost 100% of the grain production fields in Brazil, [...] Read more.
Popcorn is a food highly appreciated throughout the world, generating billions of dollars annually just in the North American market alone. Even in the face of the historical superiority of American hybrids, which occupy almost 100% of the grain production fields in Brazil, our researchers have been working to develop cultivars that combine important traits for the crop, such as tolerance to leaf diseases and high rates of grain yield and popping expansion. This work investigated the degree of genetic divergence among 40 diallel hybrids of popcorn, 16 parents and 6 elite controls using mixed models to discriminate superior materials to be adopted in the Brazilian agribusiness. Based on the individual Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (BLUP) of each of the 15 variables analyzed, the Unweighted Pair-Group Method using Arithmetic Averages (UPGMA) and Tocher clusters were performed, and the study of Pearson correlation was carried out. The results pointed out that there is genetic variability among the genotypes evaluated and that the best candidates for composing superior genotypes are in the combination between the P10×L77 parents and/or between the P7 and L88 lines. Linear correlations showed that earlier flowering and taller genotypes exhibited an association with materials more tolerant to Exserohilum turcicum intensity. Full article
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