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Viral Diseases and the Threats of Their Arthropod Vectors to...
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Viral Diseases and the Threats of Their Arthropod Vectors to Crop Health: Surveillance, Detection, and Early-Warning Systems

A special issue of Agronomy (ISSN 2073-4395). This special issue belongs to the section "Pest and Disease Management".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 June 2025 | Viewed by 2403

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Zuqing Hu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
Interests: vector; wheat virus; aphid; ecology
Dr. Huiyan Zhao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
Interests: wheat genetic; aphids
Dr. Lei Zhao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
Interests: virus–host interactions; virus elimination; antiviral
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Diseases caused by plant viruses pose serious threats to crop production worldwide. About 1100 plant viruses have been reported, causing crop economic losses of up to USD 100 billion per year. Most plant viruses rely on the transmission of arthropod vectors. The monitoring and early warning of plant viruses and their vectors form the foundation of crop virus diseases. Simultaneously, developments in genome sequencing technology, nucleic acid amplification methods, and epidemiological modelling provide unprecedented opportunities for plant virus experts to address these major threats to food security and livelihoods.

By acknowledging the relevance of the anticipation of future epidemics and understanding that this goal can only be achieved by accumulating knowledge through high-quality science and appropriate surveillance and detection, we encourage our colleagues to submit articles to this Special Issue titled “Viral Diseases and the Threats of Their Arthropod Vectors to Crop Health: Surveillance, Detection, and Early-Warning Systems”. We welcome original research and reviews on plant–virus–vector interaction mechanisms, surveillance and evolution, detection, and early-warning studies.

Dr. Zuqing Hu
Dr. Huiyan Zhao
Dr. Lei Zhao
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Agronomy is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • plant virus
  • arthropod vectors
  • interaction mechanism
  • surveillance
  • detection
  • early warning
  • genome sequencing technology
  • nucleic acid amplification methods
  • epidemiological modelling

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 4871 KiB  
Article
Analysis of Twenty Years of Suction Trap Data on the Flight Activity of Myzus persicae and Brevicoryne brassicae, Two Main Vectors of Oilseed Rape Infection Viruses
by Lucie Slavíková, David Fryč and Jiban Kumar Kundu
Agronomy 2024, 14(9), 1931; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14091931 - 28 Aug 2024
Viewed by 291
Abstract
Myzus persicae and Brevicoryne brassicae are the main aphid pests and vectors of viruses that attack many crops, including oilseed rape, the most commonly grown dicotyledonous crop in the Czech Republic. In this study, we analysed the flight activity of both aphids from [...] Read more.
Myzus persicae and Brevicoryne brassicae are the main aphid pests and vectors of viruses that attack many crops, including oilseed rape, the most commonly grown dicotyledonous crop in the Czech Republic. In this study, we analysed the flight activity of both aphids from five suction traps over 20 years (2004–2023). We focussed on (i) the influence of the ban on seed dressing with neonicotinoids on aphid catches, (ii) the influence of the average temperature on flight activity, and (iii) the number of males/females caught in the suction traps. We compared the data on aphid flight activity at the coldest and warmest sites and found that migration starts about 10 days earlier at the warmest site than at the coldest site and that aphid populations are more numerous here. The number of catches in suction traps was observed for both aphids after the ban on neonicotinoids was significantly increased. For M. persicae, it was about 9 times higher, while for B. brassicae, it was about 1.3 times higher. In addition, we observed a significant decrease in the number of males in M. persicae with a simultaneous increase in the number of females (in autumn), which could be an indication of the formation of anholocyclic populations. Overall, our results showed a significantly high abundance of both aphid species depending on the observed locations, which seems to be related to the ban of neonicotinoids. Therefore, an effective alternative is needed to improve the control of aphid vectors that can ensure the stability of crops against aphid-transmitted virus diseases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Viral Diseases and the Threats of Their Arthropod Vectors to Crop Health: Surveillance, Detection, and Early-Warning Systems)
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16 pages, 1351 KiB  
Article
Influence of Weather Conditions and the Aphid Population on the Potato Virus Y Infection of Tobacco in the Field
by Marcin Przybyś, Teresa Doroszewska, Andrzej Doroszewski and Tomasz Erlichowski
Agronomy 2024, 14(8), 1725; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14081725 - 5 Aug 2024
Viewed by 504
Abstract
Potato virus Y (PVY) is a major tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) pathogen that causes severe crop losses. We studied the influence of meteorological factors and a population of twelve aphid species on the development of PVY in field-grown tobacco from 1996 to [...] Read more.
Potato virus Y (PVY) is a major tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) pathogen that causes severe crop losses. We studied the influence of meteorological factors and a population of twelve aphid species on the development of PVY in field-grown tobacco from 1996 to 2010 in Poland. Three PVY-susceptible tobacco varieties were used in the study. The mean virus incidence ranged from 18% in 2010 to almost 99% in 1996, 2004, and 2009. For determining the relationship between tobacco plant infection and meteorological conditions and aphid populations, logistic regression analysis was used. It was found that the probability of PVY infection is significantly dependent on the average air temperature, relative humidity, number of days with an average temperature of at least 25 °C, and the abundance of Aphis fabae and Brachycaudus helichrysi. The probability of infection of tobacco plants with potato virus Y decreased with increasing air temperature and relative humidity. In addition, with each subsequent day with a temperature of at least 25 °C, the risk of infection decreased by 24%. Furthermore, it was often observed that high populations of Aphis fabae and Brachycaudus helichrysi were associated with a high incidence of virus infection in tobacco plants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Viral Diseases and the Threats of Their Arthropod Vectors to Crop Health: Surveillance, Detection, and Early-Warning Systems)
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11 pages, 7581 KiB  
Article
Biological and Molecular Characterization of the Cucumber Mosaic Virus Infecting Purple Coneflowers in China
by Bin Zhang, Liping Chen, Pingping Sun, Zhengnan Li and Lei Zhang
Agronomy 2024, 14(8), 1709; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14081709 - 3 Aug 2024
Viewed by 556
Abstract
Purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea L.), which is a perennial herbaceous plant belonging to the Asteraceae family, is extensively cultivated because of its medicinal applications. However, in Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China, purple coneflowers in the field exhibited symptoms such as mottle, mosaic, and [...] Read more.
Purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea L.), which is a perennial herbaceous plant belonging to the Asteraceae family, is extensively cultivated because of its medicinal applications. However, in Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China, purple coneflowers in the field exhibited symptoms such as mottle, mosaic, and crinkle. This study aimed to explore the biological and molecular characteristics of the cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) infecting the purple coneflowers in China. We observed isometric particles approximately 30 nm in diameter in the symptomatic leaf specimens. Infection with the CMV was confirmed via high-throughput sequencing and RT-PCR validation. Mechanical inoculation assays demonstrated that the CMV-SGJ isolate could infect both Nicotiana benthamiana and Nicotiana tabacum. Three viral genomic components were identified: RNA1 with 3321 nucleotides, RNA2 with 3048 nucleotides, and RNA3 with 2209 nucleotides. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the CMV-SGJ isolate clustered into phylogenetic subgroup IA, exhibiting a nucleotide identity of 92.2–95% with subgroup IA CMV isolates in GenBank. This report is the first documentation of the complete genome of the CMV infecting purple flowers in China. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Viral Diseases and the Threats of Their Arthropod Vectors to Crop Health: Surveillance, Detection, and Early-Warning Systems)
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8 pages, 875 KiB  
Brief Report
Development of a Multiplex RT-PCR for Simultaneous Detection of Five Actinidia Viruses
by Kuan Wu, Danyang Li and Yunfeng Wu
Agronomy 2024, 14(8), 1650; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14081650 - 27 Jul 2024
Viewed by 591
Abstract
Kiwifruit (Actinidia spp.) is a perennial fruit tree, and the fruit of kiwifruit is economically and nutritionally important worldwide. To date, approximately 23 species of kiwifruit viruses have been reported worldwide. As for the detection method for kiwifruit viruses, previous reports mostly [...] Read more.
Kiwifruit (Actinidia spp.) is a perennial fruit tree, and the fruit of kiwifruit is economically and nutritionally important worldwide. To date, approximately 23 species of kiwifruit viruses have been reported worldwide. As for the detection method for kiwifruit viruses, previous reports mostly used the single RT-PCR detection method. In the detection of kiwifruit viruses, multiplex RT-PCR has the advantages of being fast, reliable and inexpensive. In this study, a stable, efficient and reliable multiplex RT-PCR method for the detection of the five most common kiwifruit viruses was established. The concentrations of Mg2+ and HS-Taq and the annealing temperature in the multiplex PCR system were optimized. The results indicate that the optimal annealing temperature was 56 °C; the optimal concentration of added Mg2+ was 2 mM; and the optimal concentration of HS-Taq was 1.0 U/μL. The stability of the optimized multiplex RT-PCR system was verified by field sample testing, and the results showed that the multiplex RT-PCR system was stable, efficient and reliable. This will provide much convenience for the detection of kiwifruit viruses in the future. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Viral Diseases and the Threats of Their Arthropod Vectors to Crop Health: Surveillance, Detection, and Early-Warning Systems)
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Planned Papers

The below list represents only planned manuscripts. Some of these manuscripts have not been received by the Editorial Office yet. Papers submitted to MDPI journals are subject to peer-review.

Title: Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis Uncovers Critical Genes and Pathways Involved in Soybean Response to Soybean Mosaic Virus
Authors: Hanhan Zhu, Xue Zhao, Ruiqiong Li, Yaoyao Fang, Weili Teng, Yingpeng Han Correspondence to Yingpeng Han([email protected]) and Weili Teng([email protected])
Affiliation: Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education (key Laboratory of Soybean Biology and Breeding/Genetics of Chinese Agriculture Ministry), Northeast Agri-cultural University, 150030. Harbin, China
Abstract: The Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) is one of the most widely spread and devastating viral diseases globally, affecting soybean crops.The mining and utilization of resistance genes can effectively control SMV. Therefore, we have established a SMV-resistant soybean line, Dongnong 93-046, and obtained its metabolomics and transcriptomics data in response to SMV infection. This analysis identified 16 differentially metabolized compounds (DEMs) that span 64 metabolic pathways; in addition, 26,684 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) responded to infection by the SMV N1 strain.Utilizing differential metabolites and genes with an FPKM value over 10, a WGCNA analysis identified that the turquoise mod-ule was strongly associated with the metabolite jasmonic acid content.The enrichment analysis of the 9,197 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) indicated that these genes are significantly clustered within resistance-related pathways, such as plant-pathogen interac-tions, linoleic acid metabolism, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling path-way, and plant hormone signaling transduction. We further performed a functional en-richment analysis on the 894 genes within the turquoise module, which also yielded signifi-cant enrichment in pathways related to plant-pathogen interaction, linoleic acid metabo-lism, and plant hormone signaling. We then conducted a focused analysis on the genes within these pathways. The results of this study not only provide a theoretical basis for an-alyzing the resistance mechanism of soybean line "93-046" against the SMV N1 strain, but also offer potential gene resources for molecular breeding of soybean varieties resistant to soybean mosaic virus. This discovery could lead to the development of new strategies for controlling SMV infection in soybean cultivation, enhancing disease resistance, and ulti-mately improving crop yield and quality.

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