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Agronomy
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Research on the Mechanisms and Functional Properties of Crop Starch...
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Research on the Mechanisms and Functional Properties of Crop Starch Synthesis

A special issue of Agronomy (ISSN 2073-4395). This special issue belongs to the section "Agricultural Biosystem and Biological Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2023) | Viewed by 3337

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Long Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
Interests: starch synthesis; mechanism of rice starch synthesis; crop genetics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Juan Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
Interests: starch synthesis; eating and cooking quality; crop

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Starch consists of two major polymers: nearly linear amylose and frequently branched amylopectin, glucans that account for approximately 15–35% and 65–85%, respectively, of total starch. The synthesis and functional characteristics of starch affect the yield and quality of crops. Up to now, the basic process of starch synthesis has been established using biochemical, genetic, and molecular biological methods. However, in spite of numerous past investigations, the mechanisms and functional properties of crop starch synthesis are not fully understood. This Special Issue aims to publish research or review articles dealing with innovative and promising strategies to strengthen our understanding of the complexities of starch metabolism toward promoting the development of starch industrial and agricultural applications.

The topics of interest include but are not limited to:

  • Effect of environment on the starch synthesis and physicochemical properties
  • Regulatory factors controlling the starch synthesis
  • Enzyme–enzyme interactions
  • Structural and functional characteristics of crop starch
  • Cloning of genes related to starch synthesis

Dr. Long Zhang
Dr. Juan Wang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Agronomy is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • starch
  • starch granule
  • starch synthesis
  • functional properties
  • amylose content
  • amylopectin structure
  • eating and cooking quality
  • yield
  • genetics

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 4883 KiB  
Article
A Mutation of cyOsPPDKB Affects Starch Structure and Gel Consistency in Rice
by Zhennan Gao, Chunshou Li, Fudeng Huang, Junfeng Xu, Yong He, Yuqing Dan, Yuanyuan Hao and Zhihong Tian
Agronomy 2023, 13(11), 2759; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13112759 - 2 Nov 2023
Viewed by 1250
Abstract
In addition to increasing grain yield, improving rice (Oryza sativa L.) quality has received increasing attention recently. The cooking and eating quality (CEQ) is an important indicator of rice quality. Chalkiness and floury endosperm have a significant impact on the CEQ of [...] Read more.
In addition to increasing grain yield, improving rice (Oryza sativa L.) quality has received increasing attention recently. The cooking and eating quality (CEQ) is an important indicator of rice quality. Chalkiness and floury endosperm have a significant impact on the CEQ of rice, resulting in noticeable changes. Due to the easily observable phenotype of floury endosperm, cloning single gene mutations that cause floury endosperm and indirectly evaluating changes in CEQs facilitates the exploration of minor genes controlling CEQ. In this study, a stable genetic allele variant of flo4, named flo4-7, was obtained through EMS mutagenesis. The flo4-7 allele variant carries the cyOsPPDKB mutation. flo4-7 showed a significant reduction in compound starch granules and a significant increase in single starch granules in endosperm cells, indicating the involvement of cyOsPPDKB in the synthesis of endosperm starch. Additionally, flo4-7 exhibited a significant decrease in gel consistency (GC) compared to the wild type. Through the analysis of GC data from 166 rice germplasm resources, a C-T variation in the 18th exon of cyOsPPDKB was found to be a crucial site, causing a significant difference in GC between indica and japonica rice. This locus can be used in the future to develop molecular markers for molecular marker-assisted breeding. This study provides a good research foundation for improving the CEQ of rice. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on the Mechanisms and Functional Properties of Crop Starch Synthesis)
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13 pages, 4663 KiB  
Article
A New SNP in AGPL2, Associated with Floury Endosperm in Rice, Is Identified Using a Modified MutMap Method
by Long Zhang, Ran You, Hualan Chen, Jun Zhu, Lingshang Lin and Cunxu Wei
Agronomy 2023, 13(5), 1381; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13051381 - 15 May 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1734
Abstract
The floury endosperm mutants of rice can not only be used to uncover the molecular mechanisms involved in regulating starch synthesis and grain development but are also suitable for dry milling to produce rice flour of good quality. In this study, we identified [...] Read more.
The floury endosperm mutants of rice can not only be used to uncover the molecular mechanisms involved in regulating starch synthesis and grain development but are also suitable for dry milling to produce rice flour of good quality. In this study, we identified and characterized a rice floury endosperm mutant, M10, from a mutant pool induced by EMS. The total starch content in the M10 seeds significantly decreased, while the soluble sugar content demonstrably increased. The grain hardness of M10 was lower than that of the wild type because of the spherical and loosely packed starch granules. The modified MutMap analysis demonstrated that AGPL2 on chromosome 1 is most likely to be the candidate gene causing a floury endosperm. The genome sequences of AGPL2 in M10 carried a single nucleotide substitution of guanine (G) to adenine (A) in the seventh exon, leading to a missense mutation from glycine (Gly) to glutamic acid (Glu) at the 251st amino acid. Allele test confirmed that AGPL2 is the gene responsible for the M10 phenotype. Both transcriptional and protein levels of AGPL2 in M10 were obviously higher than those in the developing endosperm of wild type, indicating a positive feedback regulation is caused by AGPL2 mutation. Together, our results suggest that AGPL2 plays a critical role in starch synthesis and that the modified MutMap method is feasible for identifying floury endosperm mutant genes in rice. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on the Mechanisms and Functional Properties of Crop Starch Synthesis)
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