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Agronomy
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Diseases of Herbaceous Plants
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Diseases of Herbaceous Plants

A special issue of Agronomy (ISSN 2073-4395). This special issue belongs to the section "Pest and Disease Management".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2024) | Viewed by 4852

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Baoshan Chen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro−Bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
Interests: phytopathology; plant disease resistance; disease resistance of sugarcane
Prof. Dr. Yizhen Deng

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro−Bioresources, Integrative Microbiology Research Center/College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
Interests: plant fungal pathogen; signaling pathway; programmed cell death; fungal pathogenicity

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Herbaceous perennials include important economic crops, herbages, and popular flowering perennials. As herbaceous perennials persist for years, they are more vulnerable to soil-borne diseases caused by bacterial, fungal, viral, and nematode pathogens, in addition to foliage diseases. Developing effective disease-management approaches is based on understanding disease symptoms, progress, and microbial pathogenicity, as well as their epidemiology. On the other hand, the activities of both plant roots and associated microorganisms cause changes in the rhizosphere soil properties, which may potentially contribute to plant health/disease.

The focus of this Special Issue is “Diseases of Herbaceous Plants”. It aims to synthesize the recent advances in the scientific understanding of pathogen–herbaceous perennial–rhizobiome interaction. It will entail novel research studies and reviews focusing on all related topics, including the etiology of new diseases, microbial pathogenicity, interaction between pathogens and herbaceous perennials, anti-microbial metabolites/immunity, herbaceous perennial rhizobiomes, breeding for disease resistance, and integrated disease management.

Prof. Dr. Baoshan Chen
Prof. Dr. Yizhen Deng
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Agronomy is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • herbaceous perennials
  • plant disease
  • pathogenicity
  • phytopathology
  • plant virology
  • crop protection

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 1850 KiB  
Article
In-Depth Characterization of Crown Gall Disease of Tobacco in Serbia
by Renata Iličić, Aleksandra Jelušić, Goran Barać, Dušan Nikolić, Nemanja Stošić, Marco Scortichini and Tatjana Popović Milovanović
Agronomy 2024, 14(4), 851; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14040851 - 19 Apr 2024
Viewed by 370
Abstract
In August 2020, the unusual appearance of crown gall symptoms was observed on the tobacco plants (hybrid PVH2310) grown in fields in the Golubinci (Srem district, Serbia) locality. The causal agent isolated from galls located on tobacco roots formed circular, convex, and glistening [...] Read more.
In August 2020, the unusual appearance of crown gall symptoms was observed on the tobacco plants (hybrid PVH2310) grown in fields in the Golubinci (Srem district, Serbia) locality. The causal agent isolated from galls located on tobacco roots formed circular, convex, and glistening light blue colonies, and then dark to olive-green-colored bacterial colonies on a semi-selective D1 medium. Molecular analysis based on multiplex PCR and multi-locus sequence analysis (MLSA) using concatenated sequences of the atpD, dnaK, glnA, and rpoB genes as well as 16S rRNA identified Serbian tobacco isolates such as Agrobacterium tumefaciens (biovar 1). Two duplex PCR methods confirmed the presence of the virD2 and virC genes in tobacco isolates. Pathogenicity tests performed on carrot discs and squash fruits resulted in tumor/gall formation after 12 to 16 days post inoculation, respectively. Pathogenicity was also confirmed on tobacco plants, where isolates caused tumor development 21−25 days after inoculation. API 50 CH generated results regarding the biochemical features of the Serbian tobacco isolates. As A. tumefaciens (biovar 1) as a cause of tobacco crown gall has previously been documented solely in Japan, there is presently no data on its wider occurrence. Therefore, this first detailed investigation of A. tumefaciens isolated from naturally infected tobacco in Serbia will contribute to a better understanding of it at the global level. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diseases of Herbaceous Plants)
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16 pages, 1978 KiB  
Article
Diversity and Evolution of the Avirulence Gene AvrPi54 in Yunnan Rice Fields
by Jinbin Li, Chengxing He, Chao Dong, Lin Lu, Chi He, Yunqing Bi, Zhufeng Shi, Huacai Fan, Junyi Shi, Kaibo Wang, Zhen Zeng, Hengming Luo and Qun Wang
Agronomy 2024, 14(3), 454; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14030454 - 25 Feb 2024
Viewed by 539
Abstract
Variance or complete loss of the avirulence gene (Avr) enables the pathogen to escape resistance protein (R) recognition. The field resistance effectiveness of the R gene is determined by its corresponding Avr gene in field isolates. To effectively deploy the rice [...] Read more.
Variance or complete loss of the avirulence gene (Avr) enables the pathogen to escape resistance protein (R) recognition. The field resistance effectiveness of the R gene is determined by its corresponding Avr gene in field isolates. To effectively deploy the rice blast R gene Pi54, the distribution, variation and evolution of the corresponding Avr gene, AvrPi54, were determined through PCR amplification, pathogenicity assay, gene sequences and evolutionary analysis. Among 451 Pyricularia isolates from rice and non-rice hosts, including Oryza rufipogon, Digitaria sanguinalis, Eleusine coracana, E. indica and Musa sp. in Yunnan province, the PCR amplification result showed that AvrPi54 alleles existed among 218 (48.3%) isolates including rice isolates, O. rufipogon isolates and E. coracana isolates. Pathogenicity assay showed that 336 (74.5%) isolates were avirulent to Tetep (holding Pi54). Five AvrPi54 haplotypes were identified among 142 isolates through the gene sequence. These haplotypes were determined to be avirulent to Pi54 through pathogenicity assay. Four novel haplotypes (H2 to H5) of the AvrPi54 gene would provide new target sites for rice blast control. Haplotype diversity analysis indicated that there existed a lower genetic diversity of AvrPi54 for P. oryzae populations (five haplotypes, Hd = 0.127, π = 2.9 × 10−4) in this study. Neutrality tests showed that AvrPi54’s genetic variation was affected by purified selection. Haplotype network and phylogeny analysis showed that H1 was an ancestral haplotype and was widely distributed in rice isolates and O. rufipogon isolates, while H5 diverged early and evolved independently. These results indicate that the gene evolves slowly and stably and is a comparatively conserved Avr gene. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diseases of Herbaceous Plants)
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11 pages, 2659 KiB  
Article
Isolation, Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of Stagonospora tainanensis, the Pathogen Causing Sugarcane Leaf Blight in China
by Zhenxin Huang, Qian Shi, Quan Zeng, Haoming Liang, Quan Yu, Jiaorong Meng and Baoshan Chen
Agronomy 2023, 13(4), 1136; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13041136 - 16 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1500
Abstract
Sugarcane leaf blight (SLB), a major fungal leaf disease of sugarcane (Saccharum spp.), has been attributed to Stagonospora tainanensis. In December 2020 and May 2021, signs of leaf blight were observed on sugarcane in the fields of Chongzuo City, in the [...] Read more.
Sugarcane leaf blight (SLB), a major fungal leaf disease of sugarcane (Saccharum spp.), has been attributed to Stagonospora tainanensis. In December 2020 and May 2021, signs of leaf blight were observed on sugarcane in the fields of Chongzuo City, in the Guangxi Province of China. Lesions on the leaves were characterized by yellow or dark red spots in the center. Fungal species were isolated, purified and subjected to pathogenicity evaluation on the sugarcane plants. An isolate that caused symptoms the same as those observed in the field was initially identified as S. tainanensis (Leptosphaeria taiwanensis, perfect state) based on its morphological characteristics both of asexual and sexual stages. Dark brown and nearly spherical pycnidia with conidia of long ellipsoidal, hyaline, one to four cells and 29.27 to 54.39 μm long and 9.03 to 16.12 μm wide were found on corn meal agar medium. Ascomata with asci of cylindrical to clavate, a short stipe and eight spores slightly constricted at the septum, with the size of the spore ranging from 36 to 44 μm long and 8.5 to 12 μm wide, were formed on the sugarcane-leaf-decoction saccharose agar medium. The identity of the species was further confirmed by rDNA ITS and TEF-1α sequencing. The optimal temperature for mycelial growth was 25 °C and the optimal pH was 6.0. The pathogen grew well in a medium with oats as the carbon source and yeast extract as the nitrogen source, but poorly in a medium with urea as the nitrogen source. This study is the first to identify the sugarcane leaf blight pathogen in Guangxi, and the first publication describing the biological characterization of S. tainanensis. The occurrence of sugarcane leaf blight should alert sugarcane breeders and plant pathologists to consider integrating control of this potentially important disease into the agenda of their breeding and disease control programs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diseases of Herbaceous Plants)
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Review

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17 pages, 3073 KiB  
Review
Mitigating against Sclerotinia Diseases in Legume Crops: A Comprehensive Review
by Augustine Antwi-Boasiako, Yu Wang, Harrison Kwame Dapaah and Tuanjie Zhao
Agronomy 2022, 12(12), 3140; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12123140 - 10 Dec 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1952
Abstract
Legumes are essential foods for man and animal. They contribute to food security globally. However, they are negatively affected by Sclerotinia diseases caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, which infects over 600 plant species. There is a limited number of review studies on the [...] Read more.
Legumes are essential foods for man and animal. They contribute to food security globally. However, they are negatively affected by Sclerotinia diseases caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, which infects over 600 plant species. There is a limited number of review studies on the management of the Sclerotinia sclerotiorum disease in legume crops. Here, we explore earlier studies on the occurrences, yield losses, and other negative effects caused by Sclerotinia spp. in legumes. Additionally, we studied the various strategies used in controlling Sclerotinia sclerotiorum diseases in legume crops. We conclude that the impact of Sclerotinia diseases on legume crops causes an economic loss, as it reduces their quality and yield. Among the management strategies explored, genetic control is challenging due to the limited resistance among germplasm, while biological agents show promising results. Fungicide application is effective during outbreaks of Sclerotinia diseases. Lastly, this review has uncovered gaps in the current knowledge regarding the alleviation of Sclerotinia diseases in legume crops. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diseases of Herbaceous Plants)
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