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Agronomy
Special Issues
Regulatory Mechanism of Growth Regulators on Crop Growth and Development
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Regulatory Mechanism of Growth Regulators on Crop Growth and Development

A special issue of Agronomy (ISSN 2073-4395). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant-Crop Biology and Biochemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2024 | Viewed by 3140

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Allan Klynger Da Silva Lobato

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Núcleo de Pesquisa Vegetal Básica e Aplicada, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Rodovia PA 256, Paragominas, Pará, Brazil
Interests: abiotic stresses; biotic stresses; brassinosteroids; plant growth regulators; neurotransmitters; gasotransmitters
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Climate change is increasing the frequency of extreme events, such as droughts and heat waves, limiting the growth and yield of relevant food crops, as well as threatening global food security. On other hand, plant growth regulators (PGRs) are organic or synthetic molecules, microorganisms, and chemical elements that affect plant metabolism. Therefore, in the current world scenario, research and solutions using brassinosteroids, gasotransmitters, microorganisms, phytohormones, neurotransmitters, and essential elements are strategies for ensuring food security improving plant tolerance to climate change.

This Special Issue welcomes novel research and reviews covering all topics related (but not limited) to action mechanisms modulated by organic or synthetic molecules, microorganisms, and chemical elements aiming to mitigate several stresses, including drought, flooding, salinity, toxic metals, low or high temperature, low or high irradiance, acid rain, and nutritional stress.

Dr. Allan Klynger Da Silva Lobato
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Agronomy is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • brassinosteroids
  • chemical elements
  • gasotransmitters
  • microorganisms
  • phytohormones
  • plant growth regulators
  • neurotransmitters

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 2700 KiB  
Article
The Effects of Brassinosteroids on Nitrogen Utilization in Rice
by Wei Yang, Guo-Feng Wan, Jia-Qi Zhou, Gen-Cai Song, Jing Zhao, Feng-Lin Huang and Shuan Meng
Agronomy 2024, 14(3), 604; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14030604 - 18 Mar 2024
Viewed by 645
Abstract
Nitrogen and brassinosteroids (BRs) play a vital role in modulating the growth, development, and yield of rice. However, the influences of BRs on nitrogen assimilation and metabolism in rice are not fully understood. In this study, we analyzed the impact of BRs on [...] Read more.
Nitrogen and brassinosteroids (BRs) play a vital role in modulating the growth, development, and yield of rice. However, the influences of BRs on nitrogen assimilation and metabolism in rice are not fully understood. In this study, we analyzed the impact of BRs on nitrogen utilization in rice using the indica variety ‘Zhongjiazao 17’ and the japonica variety ‘Nipponbare’ in hydroponic conditions. The results showed that BR treatment could efficiently elevate nitrate and ammonium nitrogen accumulation in both shoots and roots. Furthermore, some genes involved in the uptake of nitrate and ammonium in roots were stimulated by BRs, though we noted subtle variances between the two rice cultivars. Moreover, BRs augmented the activity of nitrate reductase (NR) and glutamine synthetase (GS) in roots, along with NR in shoots. Interestingly, BRs also spiked the total free amino acid content in both the shoots and roots. Gene expression analysis uncovered a robust induction by BRs of NR genes and GS-related genes in the roots of both ‘Nipponbare’ and ‘Zhongjiazao 17’. Collectively, our data suggest that BRs significantly enhance the accumulation of both nitrate and ammonium in rice and trigger a series of reactions related to nitrogen utilization. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Regulatory Mechanism of Growth Regulators on Crop Growth and Development)
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18 pages, 3384 KiB  
Article
Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase-Mediated Differential Response of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Cultivars with Different Stress Tolerance to Treatment with Low-Molecular-Weight Chitosan
by Tatiana A. Timofeeva, Anastasiya N. Bubnova, Balzhima T. Shagdarova, Valery P. Varlamov and Anastasiya M. Kamionskaya
Agronomy 2024, 14(2), 386; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14020386 - 17 Feb 2024
Viewed by 949
Abstract
The latest research has shown that chitosan acts as a growth stimulator and elicitor in plants, including resistance to biotic and abiotic factors. However, increasing concentrations could possibly make chitosan a source of stress for plants. In this study, we investigated the effect [...] Read more.
The latest research has shown that chitosan acts as a growth stimulator and elicitor in plants, including resistance to biotic and abiotic factors. However, increasing concentrations could possibly make chitosan a source of stress for plants. In this study, we investigated the effect of low-molecular-weight chitosan hydrolysate on the root development of tomato (Solanum lycoperscum) cultivars Red Cherry, Lel, and Tytan. The growth rate change, together with total phenolic content, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity, and gene expression, were studied in relation to tomatoes. High concentrations of chitosan negatively affect the growth of tomato seedlings and contribute to changes in the tropism of the seedling roots. After the addition of chitosan hydrolysate, the PAL activity and the total phenolic content decreased 24 h later. PAL is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of many plant stress factors. An analysis of the tomato PAL gene family was carried out. The SlPAL gene expression in the seedlings of cv. Cherry increased 1.5 times after 48 h, while in cv. Lel, the expression stably decreased in the presence of chitosan. The obtained results are supposed to aid our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the effects of chitosan on plant development and further its successful application in agriculture as well as in research on plant stress. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Regulatory Mechanism of Growth Regulators on Crop Growth and Development)
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11 pages, 2245 KiB  
Article
Prohexadione-Calcium Mitigates the Overgrowth of Corn Seedlings
by Minh Vuong Duong, Jong-Wook Chung, Van Gioi Ha, Hwi Moon, Ju-Kyung Yu and Yoon-Sup So
Agronomy 2024, 14(2), 371; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14020371 - 14 Feb 2024
Viewed by 708
Abstract
In the temperate climate of South Korea, specific corn varieties are cultivated using plug trays. The cultivation process is initiated from February to March within greenhouse facilities, maintaining a temperature below 10 degrees Celsius. Following this, in April, seedlings are transplanted to enable [...] Read more.
In the temperate climate of South Korea, specific corn varieties are cultivated using plug trays. The cultivation process is initiated from February to March within greenhouse facilities, maintaining a temperature below 10 degrees Celsius. Following this, in April, seedlings are transplanted to enable an exceptionally early harvest for increased profitability. However, the subsequent elevation in indoor temperatures leads to seedling overgrowth. This study explores the effectiveness of three plant growth regulators—paclobutrazol, prohexadione-calcium, and diniconazole–on super sweet corn seedlings. Significantly, the application of prohexadione-calcium at 2 ppm during the first leaf stage substantially reduces seedling height and impedes the growth of both the first and second internodes. This impact extends to leaf-related traits, manifesting reductions in the area, length, and width of the third leaf. Furthermore, prohexadione-calcium induces a significant decrease in both fresh and dried shoot weight, while simultaneously augmenting root weight. This alteration results in a noteworthy shift in the root–shoot ratio, particularly at 2 ppm. Subsequent experiments have identified the optimal concentration of prohexadione-calcium at 15 ppm, effectively mitigating overgrowth in both hybrid and inbred corn varieties. These findings provide essential insights for practitioners seeking to efficiently manage corn seedling overgrowth. The study contributes to understanding the retardant effect of prohexadione-calcium on various morphological traits, offering practical applications for optimizing plant growth regulator concentrations in corn cultivation strategies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Regulatory Mechanism of Growth Regulators on Crop Growth and Development)
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Review

Jump to: Research

22 pages, 746 KiB  
Review
Brassinosteroids: Relevant Evidence Related to Mitigation of Abiotic and Biotic Stresses in Plants
by Aminthia Pombo Sudré da Silva, Antônio André da Silva Alencar, Cláudia Pombo Sudré, Maria do Socorro Bezerra de Araújo and Allan Klynger da Silva Lobato
Agronomy 2024, 14(4), 840; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14040840 - 17 Apr 2024
Viewed by 482
Abstract
Extreme events of climate change are increasing, such as droughts and heat waves, causing limitations on growth and yield in relevant food crops, as well as threatening global food security. Brassinosteroids (BRs) are natural or synthetic steroids with significant properties that promote plant [...] Read more.
Extreme events of climate change are increasing, such as droughts and heat waves, causing limitations on growth and yield in relevant food crops, as well as threatening global food security. Brassinosteroids (BRs) are natural or synthetic steroids with significant properties that promote plant growth and development. In the current world scenario, research and solutions that can improve plant tolerance to climate change are strategic to ensure food security. The distinctiveness and novelty of this review lie in its comprehensive and detailed approach to the role of BRs in plants under biotic and abiotic stresses. We consolidate information on the action mechanisms on specific organs, providing detailed experimental conclusions of these plant growth regulators, including also commercial products and concentrations tested aiming to mitigate the adverse effects of the stresses. This practical approach highlights the potential of BRs in agriculture and plant protection against stresses. Additionally, our review presents results with plant models and essential food crops, focusing on multidisciplinary approaches and using physiological, biochemical, nutritional, anatomical and agronomic tools to explain the mechanisms of action of brassinosteroids in plants exposed to abiotic and biotic stresses. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Regulatory Mechanism of Growth Regulators on Crop Growth and Development)
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