Avoiding Feed–Food Competition in Livestock Systems: Towards a Sustainable Food System

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Animal System and Management".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2020) | Viewed by 9140

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Animal Production Systems Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University, De Elst 1, Wageningen 6708WD, The Netherlands
Interests: agricultural production systems; agriculture and environment; food security; circular economy; insects as food; insects as feed

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

It is widely recognized that food production—especially animal production—generates a broad range of environmental impacts, increasing the pressure on the Earth’s systems. The global animal sector is responsible for about 60% of all human-based greenhouse gas emissions from the food system and uses about 40% of all crop land. This crop land is used to produce high-quality feed products that humans could also eat, resulting in a competition for land between feed and food production. As the global population grows, becomes wealthier, and demands more animal products, feed–food competition is likely to worsen. This will further threaten the Earth’s systems, as expansion of land leads to many adverse and irreversible environmental consequences.

Original manuscripts that address strategies to avoid feed–food competition are invited for this Special Issue. In particular, aspects such as alternative feeding strategies (e.g., insects or food waste), new concepts/methods to address feed–food competition on a food-systems level, and the effect of avoiding feed–food competition on dietary changes are welcome.

Dr. Hannah van Zanten
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • feed–food competition
  • alternative feeding strategies (ASF)
  • food system
  • environmental impact
  • food security
  • diet
  • leftovers
  • food waste
  • human digestible protein
  • land use

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 294 KiB  
Article
Effects of A Concentrate Rich in Agro-Industrial By-Products on Productivity Results, Carcass Characteristics and Meat Quality Traits of Finishing Heifers
by María José Moreno Díaz, Valeriano Domenech García, Carmen Avilés Ramírez, Francisco Peña Blanco, Francisco Requena Domenech and Andrés Luis Martínez Marín
Animals 2020, 10(8), 1311; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10081311 - 30 Jul 2020
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2635
Abstract
Finishing diets in intensive beef production systems are mainly based on cereals, which does not take advantage of the capacity of the ruminant digestive system to digest fibrous feeds, cannot be considered sustainable and does not contribute to the circular bioeconomy. Our aim [...] Read more.
Finishing diets in intensive beef production systems are mainly based on cereals, which does not take advantage of the capacity of the ruminant digestive system to digest fibrous feeds, cannot be considered sustainable and does not contribute to the circular bioeconomy. Our aim was to investigate the effects of an alternative concentrate rich in agro-industrial by-products for finishing crossbred Limousine heifers. Four pens with 12 heifers and four pens with 13 heifers were randomly allocated to one of two treatments: control (CON), a commercial concentrate with a 43.3% cereal composition, and alternative (ALT), a concentrate with a composition of 22% cereals and 73.5% agro-industrial by-products. Growth performance data were collected along the 91 days of the experimental period. Carcass characteristics were collected after slaughter and 24 h later. Vacuum-packaged samples from longissimus muscle were aged for 7, 21 or 28 days to study meat quality traits. Feed intake was higher and feed conversion rate was poorer in the ALT treatment, but no differences were found in average daily gain and feeding costs. Treatment had no effects on any of the measured carcass traits (grading, hot and cold carcass weight, dressing out, chilling losses, subcutaneous fat depth, pH, temperature and lean and fat colour) nor on the meat quality traits (drip loss, cooking loss, shear force, oxidative stability, chromatic indices and pigment contents). Ageing time decreased drip loss and shear force, increased lightness and did not affect redness or surface colour stability. In conclusion, feeding crossbred Limousine heifers a finishing diet rich in agro-industrial by-products did not have any negative effects on performance, carcass and meat quality traits, which might be considered positive from the point of view of sustainability of beef production. Under the conditions assayed, ageing for 21 and 28 days improved tenderness of meat, without detrimental effects on oxidative stability or traits related to visual acceptability. Full article
25 pages, 978 KiB  
Article
A Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Slow-Release Urea Supplementation on the Performance of Beef Cattle
by Saheed A. Salami, Colm A. Moran, Helen E. Warren and Jules Taylor-Pickard
Animals 2020, 10(4), 657; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10040657 - 10 Apr 2020
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 5623
Abstract
Slow-release urea (SRU) is a coated non-protein nitrogen (NPN) source for ruminant nutrition. This study applied a meta-analytic technique to quantify the effect of a commercial SRU (Optigen®, Alltech Inc., Nicholasville, KY, USA) on the performance of beef cattle. Data were [...] Read more.
Slow-release urea (SRU) is a coated non-protein nitrogen (NPN) source for ruminant nutrition. This study applied a meta-analytic technique to quantify the effect of a commercial SRU (Optigen®, Alltech Inc., Nicholasville, KY, USA) on the performance of beef cattle. Data were extracted from 17 experiments and analysed using the random-effects model to estimate the effect size of SRU on dry matter intake (DMI), crude protein intake (CPI), live weight gain (LWG) and feed efficiency (FE) of growing and finishing beef cattle. There was no effect of feeding SRU on the overall DMI and CPI of beef cattle. Dietary inclusion of SRU improved the overall LWG (+92 g/d/head) and FE (+12 g LWG/kg DMI/head) of beef cattle. Notably, SRU supplementation in growing cattle exhibited a better improvement on LWG (130 vs. 60 g/d/head) and FE (18 vs. 8 g LWG/kg DMI/head) compared with finishing cattle. Moreover, SRU showed consistent improvements on the LWG and FE of beef cattle under several study factors. Simulation analysis indicated that positive effects of SRU on LWG and FE improved profitability through reduction in feed cost and reduced the emission intensity of beef production. These results indicate that SRU is a sustainable NPN solution in beef cattle production. Full article
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