Viral Diseases in Aquaculture

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Aquatic Animals".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2025 | Viewed by 2179

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Aquaculture Pathology Laboratory, School of Animal & Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
Interests: aquaculture; pathology; fish; shellfish; immunity

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Aquaculture is the most profitable practice in the food production sector. However, diseases continue to pose a threat to the growth of aquaculture. Diseases in aquaculture are caused mainly by viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites. Particularly, viral diseases cause multibillion-dollar losses to the aquaculture industry, which has experienced more frequent viral disease outbreaks in the last two decades. According to the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE), the most listed pathogens in aquatic animals belong to viral families, accounting for more than 50% of OIE’s notifiable diseases for aquatic animals. Notably, OIE’s listed diseases for aquatic animals display only diseases causing mass mortality to cultured fish or shrimp. Some viruses that do not cause mass mortality do not catch the attention of aquaculture society, but they contribute to losses by stunting growth or increasing the susceptibility of the host.

Therefore, viral studies are necessary to give us a better understanding of viral diseases in aquaculture.

With that being said, we are pleased to invite you to submit your unpublished research to a Special Issue entitled “Viral Diseases in Aquaculture”. This Special Issue aims to present all aspects of viral diseases in aquaculture including molecular virology, viral evolution, pathogenesis, epidemiology, virus bioinformatics and viral immunology.

For this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome.

I/We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Hung N. Mai
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • molecular virology
  • viral evolution
  • pathogenesis
  • epidemiology
  • virus bioinformatics
  • viral immunology

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 3879 KiB  
Article
The Immune Defense Response and Immune-Related Genes Expression in Macrobrachium nipponense Infected with Decapod Iridescent Virus 1 (DIV1)
by Xiaojian Gao, Yujie Zhu, Qieqi Qian, Anting Chen, Lijie Qin, Xinzhe Tang, Qun Jiang and Xiaojun Zhang
Animals 2024, 14(19), 2864; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14192864 - 4 Oct 2024
Viewed by 352
Abstract
Macrobrachium nipponense is a significant cultivated species in China. However, decapod iridescent virus 1 (DIV1), as a newly discovered crustacean-lethal virus, has resulted in significant financial losses for the M. nipponense industry. In order to examine the immunological response of M. nipponense to [...] Read more.
Macrobrachium nipponense is a significant cultivated species in China. However, decapod iridescent virus 1 (DIV1), as a newly discovered crustacean-lethal virus, has resulted in significant financial losses for the M. nipponense industry. In order to examine the immunological response of M. nipponense to DIV1, we conducted transcriptome analysis of the hepatopancreas from M. nipponense infected with DIV1 using RNA-seq. RNA sequencing analysis identified a combined total of 41,712 assembled unigenes, and 7014 genes that showed differential expression were identified in the group infected with DIV1, compared to the control group. Among these DEGs, 3952 were found to be up-regulated, while 3062 were down-regulated; many well-characterized DEGs were involved in innate immune defense, particularly involving the C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway, complement and coagulation cascades, phagosome, lysosome and PPAR signaling pathway. Moreover, the expression levels of well-known immune-related genes (dorsal, wnt6, lectin, caspase, integrin, hsp70) in the hepatopancreas and hemolymph were investigated by Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), and the findings demonstrated a significant increase in gene expression in the hepatopancreas and hemolymph at various time points after infection. The results acquired in this study offered further comprehensive understanding of the immunological response of M. nipponense to DIV1 infection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Viral Diseases in Aquaculture)
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14 pages, 3072 KiB  
Article
A New Cell Line from the Brain of Red Hybrid Tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) for Tilapia Lake Virus Propagation
by Aslah Mohamad, Matepiya Khemthong, Pirada Trongwongsa, Tuchakorn Lertwanakarn, Piyathip Setthawong and Win Surachetpong
Animals 2024, 14(11), 1522; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14111522 - 22 May 2024
Viewed by 1107
Abstract
Tilapia lake virus (TiLV) presents a substantial threat to global tilapia production. Despite the development of numerous cell lines for TiLV isolation and propagation, none have been specifically derived from red hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis spp.). In this study, we successfully established a [...] Read more.
Tilapia lake virus (TiLV) presents a substantial threat to global tilapia production. Despite the development of numerous cell lines for TiLV isolation and propagation, none have been specifically derived from red hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis spp.). In this study, we successfully established a new cell line, RHTiB, from the red hybrid tilapia brain. RHTiB cells were cultured for 1.5 years through over 50 passages and demonstrated optimal growth at 25 °C in Leibovitz-15 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum at pH 7.4. Morphologically, RHTiB cells displayed a fibroblast-like appearance, and cytochrome oxidase I gene sequencing confirmed their origin from Oreochromis spp. Mycoplasma contamination testing yielded negative results. The revival rate of the cells post-cryopreservation was observed to be between 75 and 80% after 30 days. Chromosomal analysis at the 25th passage revealed a diploid count of 22 pairs (2n = 44). While no visible cytopathic effects were observed, both immunofluorescence microscopy and RT-qPCR analysis demonstrated successful TiLV propagation in the RHTiB cell line, with a maximum TiLV concentration of 107.82 ± 0.22 viral copies/400 ng cDNA after 9 days of incubation. The establishment of this species-specific cell line represents a valuable advancement in the diagnostic and isolation tools for viral diseases potentially impacting red hybrid tilapia. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Viral Diseases in Aquaculture)
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