Pathogenesis and Microbiology of Porcine RNA Viruses

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Pigs".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 July 2023) | Viewed by 1825

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Graduate Institute of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
Interests: molecular pathogenesis of viruses; animal vaccines; veterinary pathology

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Co-Guest Editor
Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
Interests: swine diseases; veterinary infectious diseases; veterinary virology; clinical pathology; immunology
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Pork is one of the most significant sources of nutrition in our daily life. Porcine RNA viruses, such as porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), classical swine fever (CSFV), porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), have caused a tremendous threat to pigs’ health, consequently resulting in global economic loss of at least billion dollars every year. Therefore, disease control in the swine industry is essential. Aside from the maintaining good management and biosafety, vaccination has been widely used in conventional farms to prevent and control variable diseases caused by either bacteria or viruses. However, the porcine industry now faces a dilemma as there are still some widely existing or emerging pathogens that lack effective vaccines or methods to prevent the infection, especially RNA viruses which have high a mutation rate and usually result in the partial or poor cross-reactivity or even immune escape from available vaccines. Therefore, a better understanding of pathogenesis and microbiology of these porcine RNA viruses might provide novel insights or strategies for vaccine or therapeutic developments, and foundational knowledge for investigating emerging diseases.

This Special Issue aims to collect a series of scientific articles focused on epidemiological diversity, host–virus interaction, host immune response against viruses, molecular biology of viruses, and modelling and vaccine development. In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Yen-Chen Chang
Prof. Dr. Chao-Nan Lin
Guest Editors

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

18 pages, 2877 KiB  
Article
Transmission of Classical Swine Fever Virus in Cohabitating Piglets with Various Immune Statuses Following Attenuated Live Vaccine
by Chia-Yi Chang, Kuo-Jung Tsai, Ming-Chung Deng, Fun-In Wang, Hsin-Meng Liu, Shu-Hui Tsai, Yang-Chang Tu, Nien-Nong Lin and Yu-Liang Huang
Animals 2023, 13(3), 368; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13030368 - 21 Jan 2023
Viewed by 1539
Abstract
Classical swine fever (CSF) is a systemic hemorrhagic disease affecting domestic pigs and wild boars. The modified live vaccine (MLV) induces quick and solid protection against CSF virus (CSFV) infection. Maternally derived antibodies (MDAs) via colostrum could interfere with the MLV’s efficacy, leading [...] Read more.
Classical swine fever (CSF) is a systemic hemorrhagic disease affecting domestic pigs and wild boars. The modified live vaccine (MLV) induces quick and solid protection against CSF virus (CSFV) infection. Maternally derived antibodies (MDAs) via colostrum could interfere with the MLV’s efficacy, leading to incomplete protection against CSFV infection for pigs. This study investigated CSFV transmission among experimental piglets with various post-MLV immune statuses. Nineteen piglets, 18 with MDAs and 1 specific-pathogen-free piglet infected with CSFV that served as the CSFV donor, were cohabited with piglets that had or had not been administered the MLV. Five-sixths of the piglets with MDAs that had been administered one dose of MLV were fully protected from contact transmission from the CSFV donor and did not transmit CSFV to the piglets secondarily exposed through cohabitation. Cell-mediated immunity, represented by the anti-CSFV-specific interferon-γ-secreting cells, was key to viral clearance and recovery. After cohabitation with a CSFV donor, the unvaccinated piglets with low MDA levels exhibited CSFV infection and spread CSFV to other piglets through contact; those with high MDA levels recovered but acted as asymptomatic carriers. In conclusion, MLV still induces solid immunity in commercial herds under MDA interference and blocks CSFV transmission within these herds. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pathogenesis and Microbiology of Porcine RNA Viruses)
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