Polymicrobial Infections in Fish

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Aquatic Animals".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2022) | Viewed by 10915

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Aquatic Animal Health Laboratory, Dept. of Fisheries and Wildlife, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources—Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
Interests: fish pathology; fish immunology; co-infections; fish parasitology; fish virology

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Guest Editor
Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
Interests: fish virology; fish immunology; tilapia diseases; fish vaccine; co-infections
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Polymicrobial infection patterns involve heterogeneous infectious agents, simultaneously or sequentially interacting with susceptible hosts. They alter pathogenesis eliciting synergistic or antagonistic effects and complex clinical symptoms, when compared to single infection patterns. Fish are normally exposed to rich communities of bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites, although little is currently known about multiple infection patterns affecting wild and farmed fish species. The outcomes of microbial interference modulate the host immune response with repercussions on the efficacy of treatments and prevention strategies.

Linked to the fast growth of aquaculture sectors, and to changing environmental conditions, the study of polymicrobial disease patterns, representing a so far neglected concept, is rapidly attracting the interest of aquatic animal health scientists, and is becoming an emerging and highly researched area.

We invite manuscript submissions for this Special Issue focusing on documenting the occurrence, pathobiological dynamics, and clinical outcomes of polymicrobial infections in fish. We welcome original surveillance studies, clinical reports, and novel experimental works, either from farmed, ornamental, and wild fish populations.

Please pass the information to your colleagues and contact us directly if interested to submitting a manuscript to our journal.

Dr. Bartolomeo Gorgoglione
Dr. Win Surachetpong
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • Aquaculture
  • Changing Environment
  • Co-infections
  • Emerging Diseases
  • Fish Disease
  • Host–pathogen interactions
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Loss of Productivity
  • Ornamental Fish
  • Pathobiology
  • Pathogens interaction
  • Prevalence
  • Wildlife

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 3012 KiB  
Communication
Co-Infections of Tilapia Lake Virus, Aeromonas hydrophila and Streptococcus agalactiae in Farmed Red Hybrid Tilapia
by Lukman Basri, Roslindawani Md. Nor, Annas Salleh, Ina Salwany Md. Yasin, Mohd Zamri Saad, Nor Yasmin Abd. Rahaman, Timothy Barkham and Mohammad Noor Azmai Amal
Animals 2020, 10(11), 2141; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10112141 - 18 Nov 2020
Cited by 40 | Viewed by 6103
Abstract
A high death rate among red hybrid tilapias was observed in a farm in Selangor, Malaysia, in January 2020. The affected fish appeared lethargic, isolated from schooling group, showed loss of appetite, red and haemorrhagic skin, exophthalmia and enlarged gall bladders. Histopathological assessment [...] Read more.
A high death rate among red hybrid tilapias was observed in a farm in Selangor, Malaysia, in January 2020. The affected fish appeared lethargic, isolated from schooling group, showed loss of appetite, red and haemorrhagic skin, exophthalmia and enlarged gall bladders. Histopathological assessment revealed deformation of kidney tubules, and severe congestion with infiltrations of inflammatory cells in the brains and kidneys. Syncytial cells and intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies were occasionally observed in the liver and brain sections. Tilapia Lake Virus (TiLV), Aeromonas hydrophila and Streptococcus agalactiae were identified in the affected fish, either through isolation or through PCR and sequencing analysis. The phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that the TiLV strain in this study was closely related to the previously reported Malaysian strain that was isolated in 2019. On the other hand, A. hydrophila and S. agalactiae were closer to Algerian and Brazilian strains, respectively. The multiple antibiotic resistance index for A. hydrophila and S. agalactiae was 0.50 and 0.25, respectively. Co-infections of virus and bacteria in cultured tilapia is a new threat for the tilapia industry. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polymicrobial Infections in Fish)
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Review

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17 pages, 354 KiB  
Review
A Review of Bacterial Co-Infections in Farmed Catfish: Components, Diagnostics, and Treatment Directions
by Allison L. Wise, Benjamin R. LaFrentz, Anita M. Kelly, Lester H. Khoo, Tingbi Xu, Mark R. Liles and Timothy J. Bruce
Animals 2021, 11(11), 3240; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11113240 - 12 Nov 2021
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 3814
Abstract
Catfish production is a major aquaculture industry in the United States and is the largest sector of food fish production. As producers aim to optimize production yields, diseases caused by bacterial pathogens are responsible for high pond mortality rates and economic losses. The [...] Read more.
Catfish production is a major aquaculture industry in the United States and is the largest sector of food fish production. As producers aim to optimize production yields, diseases caused by bacterial pathogens are responsible for high pond mortality rates and economic losses. The major bacterial pathogens responsible are Edwardsiella ictaluri, Aeromonas spp., and Flavobacterium columnare. Given the outdoor pond culture environments and ubiquitous nature of these aquatic pathogens, there have been many reports of co-infective bacterial infections within this aquaculture sector. Co-infections may be responsible for altering disease infection mechanics, increasing mortality rates, and creating difficulties for disease management plans. Furthermore, proper diagnoses of primary and secondary pathogens are essential in ensuring the correct treatment approaches for antimicrobials and chemical applications. A thorough understanding of the interactions and infectivity dynamics for these warm water bacterial pathogens will allow for the adoption of new prevention and control methods, particularly in vaccine development. This review aims to provide an overview of co-infective pathogens in catfish culture and present diagnostic case data from Mississippi and Alabama to define prevalence for these multiple-species infections better. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polymicrobial Infections in Fish)
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