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Animals
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Nematode Taxonomy and Biodiversity
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Nematode Taxonomy and Biodiversity

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Veterinary Clinical Studies".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 13046

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Sergio Álvarez-Ortega

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biology and Geology, Physics and Inorganic Chemistry, Rey Juan Carlos University, 28933 Móstoles (Madrid), Spain
Interests: morphological and molecular studies on free-living and plant-parasitic nematodes; systematics, evolution, and phylogeny of free-living and plant-parasitic nematodes

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nematodes are the most common, abundant, and diversified metazoans present in soils and aquatic sediments. To date approximately 27,000 nematode species have been identified. Although our knowledge of their diversity, morphology, and systematics has grown over the last fifty years, by all estimates the vast majority of species remain undescribed and their current classification system is not satisfactory. Hypothesis-driven research with nematodes, particularly in fields such as soil ecology, depends upon efficient precise identification. For instance, their utility as bio-indicators of soil health is hampered by a lack of systematic knowledge. Therefore, it is very important and useful to improve the knowledge on nematode taxonomy and biodiversity. 

This Special Issue of the journal Animals on “Nematode Taxonomy and Biodiversity” aims to publish high-quality original research manuscripts and reviews which focus on taxonomy, systematics, and biodiversity studies of free-living and plant-parasitic nematodes.

Dr. Sergio Álvarez-Ortega
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Animals is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • free-living nematodes
  • plant-parasitic nematodes
  • biodiversity
  • identification
  • molecular
  • morphology
  • systematics
  • taxonomy

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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27 pages, 3716 KiB  
Article
Overview of the Genus Boleodorus and First Reports of Boleodorus thylactus and B. volutus from Southern Alberta, Canada
by Maria Munawar, Dmytro P. Yevtushenko and Pablo Castillo
Animals 2021, 11(6), 1760; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11061760 - 12 Jun 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2725
Abstract
The present study provides the morphological and molecular characterization of Boleodorus thylactus and B. volutus populations, recovered from agricultural fields of southern Alberta. Despite a significant abundance of this group of nematodes, none of the Boleodorus species were previously reported in Canada. Therefore, [...] Read more.
The present study provides the morphological and molecular characterization of Boleodorus thylactus and B. volutus populations, recovered from agricultural fields of southern Alberta. Despite a significant abundance of this group of nematodes, none of the Boleodorus species were previously reported in Canada. Therefore, representative adult specimens of each population were photographed and examined morphometrically. Phylogenetic trees were reconstructed using partial D2–D3 expansion segments of the 28S and 18S rDNA sequences to understand the relationships of Boleodorus species with Tylenchidae-related genera. Boleodorus species are relevant to soil ecological studies and therefore we summarized the important morphological and morphometric characters in tabular form for easy and efficient species identification. Moreover, we discuss the associated hosts and the distribution of all described Boleodorus species. This study will serve as a guide and basic framework for species diagnostics in the genus Boleodorus and will aid in filling the gaps in our knowledge of the species present in our cultivated lands. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nematode Taxonomy and Biodiversity)
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49 pages, 11930 KiB  
Article
Remarkable Cryptic Diversity of Paratylenchus spp. (Nematoda: Tylenchulidae) in Spain
by Ilenia Clavero-Camacho, Carolina Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Antonio Archidona-Yuste, Pablo Castillo and Juan Emilio Palomares-Rius
Animals 2021, 11(4), 1161; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11041161 - 18 Apr 2021
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 2835
Abstract
In previous studies, fifteen species of Paratylenchus, commonly known as pin nematodes, have been reported in Spain. These plant-parasitic nematodes are ectoparasites with a wide host range and global distribution. In this research, 27 populations from twelve Paratylenchus species from 18 municipalities [...] Read more.
In previous studies, fifteen species of Paratylenchus, commonly known as pin nematodes, have been reported in Spain. These plant-parasitic nematodes are ectoparasites with a wide host range and global distribution. In this research, 27 populations from twelve Paratylenchus species from 18 municipalities in Spain were studied using morphological, morphometrical and molecular data. This integrative taxonomic approach allowed the identification of twelve species, four of them were considered new undescribed species and eight were already known described. The new species described here are P. caravaquenus sp. nov., P. indalus sp. nov., P. pedrami sp. nov. and P. zurgenerus sp. nov. As for the already known described species, five were considered as first reports for the country, specifically P.enigmaticus, P. hamatus, P. holdemani, P. israelensis, and P. veruculatus, while P. baldaccii, P. goodeyi and P. tenuicaudatus had already been recorded in Spain. This study provides detail morphological and molecular data, including the D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA, ITS rRNA, and partial mitochondrial COI regions for the identification of different Paratylenchus species found in Spain. These results confirm the extraordinary cryptic diversity in Spain and with examples of morphostatic speciation within the genus Paratylenchus. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nematode Taxonomy and Biodiversity)
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13 pages, 2415 KiB  
Article
Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Kochinema farodai Baqri and Bohra, 2001 (Dorylaimida: Nordiidae) from California, with the First Molecular Study and an Updated Taxonomy of the Genus
by Sergio Álvarez-Ortega
Animals 2020, 10(12), 2300; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10122300 - 4 Dec 2020
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1578
Abstract
This paper deals with the morphological and molecular characterization of Kochinema farodai Baqri and Bohra, 2001, with an integrative approach. The finding of K. faroidai in California is a remarkable biogeographical novelty, as it is the first American record of the species. Molecular [...] Read more.
This paper deals with the morphological and molecular characterization of Kochinema farodai Baqri and Bohra, 2001, with an integrative approach. The finding of K. faroidai in California is a remarkable biogeographical novelty, as it is the first American record of the species. Molecular data herein obtained represent the first molecular study of the genus Kochinema. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations of a member of Kochinema are provided for the first time. Additionally, this contribution provides new insights into the phylogeny and taxonomy of the nematode genus Kochinema. A brief historical outline of the matter is presented. Then, the morphological pattern of the genus is revised and illustrated, the anterior position of amphids, whose opening is located on lateral lip, being its most relevant diagnostic feature. The phylogenetic analysis inferred from D2–D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA gene shows that Kochinema clustered together with other dorylaimid species characterized by the absence of pars refringens vaginae and that it does not share a recent common ancestor with other members of the family Nordiidae. A likely polyphyly of the family Nordiidae is confirmed. Finally, an updated taxonomy of the genus is proposed, including a revised diagnosis, a list of species, a key to species identification, and a compendium of their main morphometrics and distribution data. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nematode Taxonomy and Biodiversity)
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17 pages, 2873 KiB  
Opinion
Twenty Years after De Ley and Blaxter—How Far Did We Progress in Understanding the Phylogeny of the Phylum Nematoda?
by Mohammed Ahmed and Oleksandr Holovachov
Animals 2021, 11(12), 3479; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11123479 - 7 Dec 2021
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3410
Abstract
Molecular phylogenetics brought radical changes to our understanding of nematode evolution, resulting in substantial modifications to nematode classification implemented by De Ley and Blaxter and widely accepted now. Numerous phylogenetic studies were subsequently published that both improved and challenged this classification. Here we [...] Read more.
Molecular phylogenetics brought radical changes to our understanding of nematode evolution, resulting in substantial modifications to nematode classification implemented by De Ley and Blaxter and widely accepted now. Numerous phylogenetic studies were subsequently published that both improved and challenged this classification. Here we present a summary of these changes. We created cladograms that summarise phylogenetic relationships within Nematoda using phylum-wide to superfamily-wide molecular phylogenies published in since 2005, and supplemented with the phylogenetic analyses for Enoplia and Chromadoria with the aim of clarifying the position of several taxa. The results show which parts of the Nematode tree are well resolved and understood, and which parts require more research, either by adding taxa that have not been included yet (increasing taxon coverage), or by changing the phylogenetic approach (improving data quality, using different types of data or different methods of analysis). The currently used classification of the phylum Nematoda in many cases does not reflect the phylogeny and in itself requires numerous improvements and rearrangements. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nematode Taxonomy and Biodiversity)
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