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Antibiotics
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United in the Prevention of Bacterial Resistance during the Post-pandemic...
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United in the Prevention of Bacterial Resistance during the Post-pandemic Era

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 December 2024 | Viewed by 4058

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Simin-Aysel Florescu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila” Bucharest, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
Interests: antibiotic resistance and new therapies; sepsis; emergent diseases; imported tropical diseases
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Simona Claudia Cambrea

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Head of Infectious Disease Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, "Ovidius" University, 900470 Constanta, Romania
Interests: antibiotic stewardship; bacterial and viral resistance; bacterial resistance during COVID-19 pandemic

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is inducing an increasingly significant burden on public health, with this issue becoming even more pronounced in the context of COVID-19 pandemic. Infections with SARS-CoV-2, until recently an absolutely unknown element in the landscape of infectious pathology, created from the very beginning the premises of fear both in general population and among healthcare personnel, an aspect which led to a further attitude of overprotection. Subsequently, a systematic, early, and often non-judicious administration of antibiotics has been observed, even in the absence of any data attesting to a co-infection. An eventual later development of a true superinfection often necessitated therapy escalation or an extension of the administration period of the initial antibiotic regimen.

Last but not least, the dramatic increase in the misuse or overuse of reserve antibiotics is worrisome, with difficult-to-quantify consequences concerning the resistance patterns of certain germs or the mortality rates associated with these infections.

This Special Issue aims to provide an appropriate platform for the sharing of experiences gained during the COVID-19 pandemic period, so that the data provided can enhance the therapeutic management and optimize the antibiotic regimens in all services where infectious pathologies are a constant of daily clinical practice. Therefore, original research and reviews from interdisciplinary areas focusing on antibiotic therapy and antibiotic resistance related to COVID-19 will be of great interest.

Acknowledgments: Valeriu Gheorghiță and Lazar Dragos-Stefan will be participating in this Special Issue as "Special collaborators", and special thanks is owed for their contributions to this Special Issue.

Dr. Simin-Aysel Florescu
Dr. Simona Claudia Cambrea
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antibiotics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • antibiotic resistance
  • post pandemic
  • gram-negative infection
  • new antibiotics

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 788 KiB  
Article
Carbapenem-Resistant NDM and OXA-48-like Producing K. pneumoniae: From Menacing Superbug to a Mundane Bacteria; A Retrospective Study in a Romanian Tertiary Hospital
by Dragos Stefan Lazar, Maria Nica, Amalia Dascalu, Corina Oprisan, Oana Albu, Daniel Romeo Codreanu, Alma Gabriela Kosa, Corneliu Petru Popescu and Simin Aysel Florescu
Antibiotics 2024, 13(5), 435; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics13050435 - 12 May 2024
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Abstract
Background: Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (Cr-Kpn) is becoming a growing public health problem through the failure of adequate treatment. This study’s objectives are to describe the sources of Cr-Kpn in our hospital over 22 months, associating factors with the outcome of Cr-Kpn-positive patients, especially [...] Read more.
Background: Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (Cr-Kpn) is becoming a growing public health problem through the failure of adequate treatment. This study’s objectives are to describe the sources of Cr-Kpn in our hospital over 22 months, associating factors with the outcome of Cr-Kpn-positive patients, especially those with NDM+OXA-48-like (New Delhi Metallo-β-Lactamase and oxacillinase-48), and the effectiveness of the treatments used. Methods: A retrospective observational cohort study including all hospitalized patients with Cr-Kpn isolates. We reported data as percentages and identified independent predictors for mortality over hospital time through multivariate analysis. Results: The main type of carbapenemases identified were NDM+OXA-48-like (49.4%). The statistical analysis identified that diabetes and co-infections with the Gram-negative, non-urinary sites of infection were factors of unfavorable evolution. The Cox regression model identified factors associated with a poor outcome: ICU admission (HR of 2.38), previous medical wards transition (HR of 4.69), and carbapenemase type NDM (HR of 5.98). We did not find the superiority of an antibiotic regimen, especially in the case of NDM+OXA-48-like. Conclusions: The increase in the incidence of Cr-Kpn infections, especially with NDM+OXA-48-like pathogens, requires a paradigm shift in both the treatment of infected patients and the control of the spread of these pathogens, which calls for a change in public health policy regarding the use of antibiotics and the pursuit of a One Health approach. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue United in the Prevention of Bacterial Resistance during the Post-pandemic Era)
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13 pages, 1344 KiB  
Article
Candida auris Outbreak in a Multidisciplinary Hospital in Romania during the Post-Pandemic Era: Potential Solutions and Challenges in Surveillance and Epidemiological Control
by Violeta Melinte, Alexandra Daniela Tudor, Adrian Georgian Bujoi, Maria-Adelina Radu, Maria Cristina Văcăriou, Ioana Miriana Cismaru, Tiberiu Sebastian Holban, Carmen Luminița Mîrzan, Ruxandra Popescu, Robert Cătălin Ciupan, Alin Baciu, Oriana Elena Moraru, Matei Popa-Cherecheanu and Valeriu Gheorghiță
Antibiotics 2024, 13(4), 325; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics13040325 - 3 Apr 2024
Viewed by 1951
Abstract
Candida auris is a newly emerging yeast, which is raising public health concerns due to its outbreak potential, lack of protocols for decontamination and isolation of patients or contacts, increased resistance to common antifungals, and associated high mortality. This research aimed to describe [...] Read more.
Candida auris is a newly emerging yeast, which is raising public health concerns due to its outbreak potential, lack of protocols for decontamination and isolation of patients or contacts, increased resistance to common antifungals, and associated high mortality. This research aimed to describe the challenges related to identifying the outbreak, limiting further contamination, and treating affected individuals. We retrospectively analyzed all cases of C. auris detected between October 2022 and August 2023, but our investigation focused on a three-month-long outbreak in the department of cardio-vascular surgery and the related intensive care unit. Along with isolated cases in different wards, we identified 13 patients who became infected or colonized in the same area and time, even though the epidemiological link could only be traced in 10 patients, according to the epidemiologic investigation. In conclusion, our study emphasizes the substantial challenge encountered in clinical practice when attempting to diagnose and limit the spread of an outbreak. Therefore, it is crucial to promptly apply contact precaution measures and appropriate environmental cleaning, from the first positive case detected. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue United in the Prevention of Bacterial Resistance during the Post-pandemic Era)
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