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Antibiotics
Special Issues
Preventing the Emergence of Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) in STIs
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Preventing the Emergence of Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) in STIs

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 7896

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Christopher Kenyon

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Prins Leopold Instituut voor Tropische Geneeskunde, Antwerpen, Belgium
Interests: SeTPAT; antibiotic resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoea; STERGM Model; MSM microbiome; Emmonsia africana

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in bacterial STIs is increasing in many populations around the world. Concerns have been raised that Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Mycoplasma genitalium may be untreatable in the not-too-distant future. AMR in Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma genitalium, and Treponema pallidum is not, however, inevitable. N. gonorrhoeae isolates from parts of Australia, for example, remain susceptible to almost all classes of antibiotics, which means that penicillin can still be used as first-line therapy. Differences in antimicrobial consumption (AMC) play a key role in determining the large differences in the prevalence of AMR. Whilst AMC in the population at large plays a role, excessive AMC in core-groups is crucial. There is an urgent need to better characterize the relationship between AMC (in the general population and core-groups) and AMR in STIs. Furthermore, research is required into how to reduce AMC in these populations as well as developing alternatives to antimicrobial therapy—such as mouthwashes, bacteriophage therapy or vaccines. This Special Issue seeks manuscript submissions that advance our understanding of how best to prevent the emergence and spread of AMR in bacterial STIs. Submissions dealing with any aspect of the prevention of resistance in bacterial STIs are welcome.

Prof. Christopher Kenyon
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antibiotics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • AMR
  • STI
  • Prevention
  • Antibiotic stewardship
  • Antimicrobial resistance
  • Neisseria gonorrhoeae
  • Mycoplasma genitalium

Published Papers (3 papers)

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10 pages, 286 KiB  
Article
Testing as Prevention of Resistance in Bacteria Causing Sexually Transmitted Infections—A Population-Based Model for Germany
by Andreas Hahn, Hagen Frickmann and Ulrike Loderstädt
Antibiotics 2021, 10(8), 929; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10080929 - 30 Jul 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2060
Abstract
Prescribed antibiotic treatments which do not match the therapeutic requirements of potentially co-existing undetected sexually transmitted infections (STIs) can facilitate the selection of antibiotic-drug-resistant clones. To reduce this risk, this modelling assessed the potential applicability of reliable rapid molecular test assays targeting bacterial [...] Read more.
Prescribed antibiotic treatments which do not match the therapeutic requirements of potentially co-existing undetected sexually transmitted infections (STIs) can facilitate the selection of antibiotic-drug-resistant clones. To reduce this risk, this modelling assessed the potential applicability of reliable rapid molecular test assays targeting bacterial STI prior to the prescription of antibiotic drugs. The modelling was based on the prevalence of three bacterial STIs in German heterosexual and men-having-sex-with-men (MSM) populations, as well as on reported test characteristics of respective assays. In the case of the application of rapid molecular STI assays for screening, the numbers needed to test in order to correctly identify any of the included bacterial STIs ranged from 103 to 104 for the heterosexual population and from 5 to 14 for the MSM population. The number needed to harm—defined as getting a false negative result for any of the STIs and a false positive signal for another one, potentially leading to an even more inappropriate adaptation of antibiotic therapy than without any STI screening—was at least 208,995 for the heterosexuals and 16,977 for the MSM. Therefore, the screening approach may indeed be suitable to avoid unnecessary selective pressure on bacterial causes of sexually transmitted infections. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Preventing the Emergence of Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) in STIs)
14 pages, 651 KiB  
Article
Antibacterial Activity of Propolis Extracts from the Central Region of Romania against Neisseria gonorrhoeae
by Mihaela Laura Vică, Ioana Glevitzky, Mirel Glevitzky, Costel Vasile Siserman, Horea Vladi Matei and Cosmin Adrian Teodoru
Antibiotics 2021, 10(6), 689; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10060689 - 8 Jun 2021
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2783
Abstract
(1) Background: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are among the most common infections worldwide, many of these being caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG). Increased antimicrobial NG resistance has been reported in recent decades, highlighting the need for new sources of natural compounds with valuable [...] Read more.
(1) Background: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are among the most common infections worldwide, many of these being caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG). Increased antimicrobial NG resistance has been reported in recent decades, highlighting the need for new sources of natural compounds with valuable antimicrobial activity. This study aims to determine the effect of propolis extracts on NG strains, including antibiotic-resistant strains. (2) Methods: First void urine samples from presumed positive STI subjects were harvested. DNA was extracted, purified, and amplified via PCR for the simultaneous detection of 6 STIs. The presence of the dcmH, gyrA, and parC genes was checked in the DNA samples from NG-positive patients. The antimicrobial activity of 5 aqueous propolis extracts from central Romania was investigated in vitro against some isolated NG strains. ANOVA tests were employed to assess differences and interactions between the inhibition zone for NG strains and propolis extracts. (3) Results: 7.07% of the patients presented NG infections, some strains being resistant or intermediate-resistant to ciprofloxacin. All propolis samples exhibited an antibacterial effect, including on resistant strains. (4) Conclusions: Statistical analysis demonstrated that the diameter of the inhibition zone was influenced both by the NG strain type and the source of the propolis extracts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Preventing the Emergence of Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) in STIs)
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12 pages, 1557 KiB  
Viewpoint
Choosing New Therapies for Gonorrhoea: We Need to Consider the Impact on the Pan-Neisseria Genome. A Viewpoint
by Chris Kenyon, Jolein Laumen and Sheeba Manoharan-Basil
Antibiotics 2021, 10(5), 515; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10050515 - 1 May 2021
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 2189
Abstract
The development of new gonorrhoea treatment guidelines typically considers the resistance-inducing effect of the treatment only on Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Antimicrobial resistance in N. gonorrhoeae has, however, frequently first emerged in commensal Neisseria species and then been passed on to N. gonorrhoeae via [...] Read more.
The development of new gonorrhoea treatment guidelines typically considers the resistance-inducing effect of the treatment only on Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Antimicrobial resistance in N. gonorrhoeae has, however, frequently first emerged in commensal Neisseria species and then been passed on to N. gonorrhoeae via transformation. This creates the rationale for considering the effect of gonococcal therapies on resistance in commensal Neisseria. We illustrate the benefits of this pan-Neisseria strategy by evaluating three contemporary treatment options for N. gonorrhoeae—ceftriaxone plus azithromycin, monotherapy with ceftriaxone and zoliflodacin. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Preventing the Emergence of Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) in STIs)
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