Usage of Antibiotic in Agriculture and Animal Farming, 2nd Edition

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382). This special issue belongs to the section "Antibiotics in Animal Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2022) | Viewed by 5517

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Guest Editor
Diagnostic and Research Institute of Hygiene, Microbiology and Environmental Medicine, Medizinische Universität Graz, Graz, Austria
Interests: antibiotics; antibiotic resistance
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This is the 2nd edition of the Special Issue “Usage of Antibiotic in Agriculture and Animal Farming”. The use of antibiotics is a common practice in modern agriculture and farming, and the quantities used can easily compete with those used in human medicine. This practice has been increasingly criticized in recent years. It is also to be expected that the discussion on this topic will become even broader the more it is publicized. In addition to concerns about animal welfare and the quality of the obtained food, the impact on antibiotic resistance is hardly being discussed. The use of antibiotics, regardless of the area of application, leads to the emergence and spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The question of the contribution of antibiotic-resistant bacteria from farming to the general problem of antibiotic resistance is still under discussion.

Not all resistant clone lines can be traced back to their origin in agriculture as easily as in livestock-associated MRSA. The active exchange of genetic information via different vectors makes it difficult to quantify the exact impact. This goes hand in hand with the distribution of the antibiotics and the induced resistances, be it via the food chain or via surface and ground water. In all these cases, there is also a mixing up with contaminants from human medicine.

In any case, actions are being taken (and will be taken) to further optimize and regulate the use of antibiotics in agriculture in order to reduce the effects on human health while maintaining or even improving the benefits of using antibiotics in agriculture.

Dr. Gernot Zarfel
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • Antibiotics
  • antibiotic resistance
  • livestock
  • farming
  • food production
  • environmental contamination
  • consumer concerns
  • animal welfare
  • growth promoter
  • prophylaxis
  • horizontal gene transfer

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 3104 KiB  
Article
Real-World Data on Antibiotic Group Treatment in European Livestock: Drivers, Conditions, and Alternatives
by Julia Jerab, Wiebke Jansen, John Blackwell, Jobke van Hout, Andreas Palzer, Stephen Lister, Ilias Chantziaras, Jeroen Dewulf and Nancy De Briyne
Antibiotics 2022, 11(8), 1046; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11081046 - 3 Aug 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2699
Abstract
Major efforts have been made by veterinary professionals to reduce the need for antibiotic use in animals. An online survey launched by the Federation of Veterinarians of Europe (FVE) aimed to gather responses from practicing veterinarians with field experience in metaphylactic livestock group [...] Read more.
Major efforts have been made by veterinary professionals to reduce the need for antibiotic use in animals. An online survey launched by the Federation of Veterinarians of Europe (FVE) aimed to gather responses from practicing veterinarians with field experience in metaphylactic livestock group treatment. Only 17% of all veterinarians (n = 183/1087, all species-specific responses merged) applied metaphylactic group treatments to 75% or more of all their treatments. Significantly less metaphylactic group treatments were reported in mixed practices (p = 0.002) and practices specialized in cattle (p < 0.001) as well as small (p = 0.007) and very small practices (p = 0.009). Gram-negative bacteria, mostly composed of Enterobacteriaceae and Pasteurellaceae, were considered by 75.3% (n = 967/1385) as the most devastating bacterial pathogens. Respondents alleged morbidity (20.1%, n = 201/998) and mortality (42.2%, n = 421/998) as major consequences for animal health and welfare if metaphylaxis would be banned. Responding veterinarians pointed towards vaccinations; improved biosecurity, including hygiene measures; and improved herd health management as the three most effective alternative measures to prevent metaphylactic treatment. However, more research is needed on how to implement appropriate alternatives in a holistic hurdle approach. Active support on a national level will be necessary for the development and application of targeted veterinary treatment guidelines for practitioners, which promote the understanding of drivers and include initiation criteria for metaphylactic group treatments in livestock. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Usage of Antibiotic in Agriculture and Animal Farming, 2nd Edition)
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13 pages, 874 KiB  
Article
Co-Application of Tetramycin and Matrine Improves Resistance of Kiwifruit against Soft Rot Disease and Enhances Its Quality and Amino Acids
by Cheng Zhang, Wenzhi Li, Youhua Long, Yue Su and Qinghai Zhang
Antibiotics 2022, 11(5), 671; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11050671 - 17 May 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2086
Abstract
Soft rot disease caused by Botryosphaeria dothidea and Phomopsis sp. is the most serious fungal disease of the kiwifruit production area in southwest China. In this work, the role of the co-application of tetramycin and matrine in the resistance of kiwifruit fruits against [...] Read more.
Soft rot disease caused by Botryosphaeria dothidea and Phomopsis sp. is the most serious fungal disease of the kiwifruit production area in southwest China. In this work, the role of the co-application of tetramycin and matrine in the resistance of kiwifruit fruits against soft rot disease and its effects on development, quality and amino acids of kiwifruit fruits were investigated. The results indicate that matrine exhibited an outstanding toxicity against B. dothidea RF-1 and Phomopsis sp. RF-2 with EC50 values of 0.442 and 0.332 mg kg−1. The foliar co-application of 0.3% tetramycin aqueous solutions (AS) 5000-fold liquid + 0.5% matrine AS 1000-fold liquid could effectively control soft rot disease with a control efficacy of 82.68%, which was significantly (p < 0.05) higher than 75.19% of 0.3% tetramycin AS 5000-fold liquid and significantly (p < 0.01) higher than 68.50% of 0.5% matrine AS 500-fold liquid. Moreover, the co-application of tetramycin and matrine was more effective than tetramycin or matrine alone in improving disease resistance, quality and amino acids of kiwifruit fruits. This study highlights that the co-application of tetramycin and matrine can be used as a practicable, cost-effective and environmentally friendly candidate or alternative approach for controlling soft rot disease of kiwifruit. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Usage of Antibiotic in Agriculture and Animal Farming, 2nd Edition)
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