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Antibiotics
Special Issues
Research on Beta-Lactamases and Resistance Genes of Gram-Negative Bacteria
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Research on Beta-Lactamases and Resistance Genes of Gram-Negative Bacteria

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382). This special issue belongs to the section "Mechanism and Evolution of Antibiotic Resistance".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2022) | Viewed by 4251

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Oliwia Makarewicz

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institite for Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
Interests: antimicrobial resistance; beta-lactamases; biofilms; phages

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In the last 20 years, the Gram-negative (GN) bacteria expressing extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL), and carbapenemases have become a major threat in the healthcare sector. Many GN bacteria belong to the normal gut microflora of humans and animals that cannot be decolonized by antibiotics or biocides. Colonization occurs generally via oral uptake of fecal contaminations. Because β-lactamases (BL) are generally encoded on mobile plasmids that additionally care for other resistance genes, they can be rapidly exchanged even between less-related GN species. This poses major challenges for microbiological and molecular diagnostics, but also for epidemiological surveillance and antibiotic treatment. The recently established One Health concept illustrates, especially in the GN area, that the transmission routes extend far beyond the healthcare sector and include almost all natural and urban structures.

For this Special Issue, we invite authors to submit manuscripts that focus primarily on GN resistance genes. In this context, studies are welcome on:

- General (biotic and abiotic) factors that favor or inhibit horizontal dissemination

- (Vertical) evolution of BL genes and recombination of plasmids and factors involved

- Novel detection technologies and approaches for diagnostics

- New or improved therapeutic approaches for the treatment of multiresistant GN colonization and infections.

Both original research articles and reviews may be submitted for publication in this Special Issue

Dr. Oliwia Makarewicz
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antibiotics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • horizontal gene transfer
  • One Health
  • antibiotic resistance surveillance
  • extendent spectrum β-lactamases
  • carbapenemases

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 4343 KiB  
Article
A Novel Single-Tube Eicosaplex/Octaplex PCR System for the Detection of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases, Plasmid-Mediated AmpC β-Lactamases, and Integrons in Gram-Negative Bacteria
by Ahmed M. Soliman, Hirofumi Nariya, Daiki Tanaka, Toshi Shimamoto and Tadashi Shimamoto
Antibiotics 2023, 12(1), 90; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12010090 - 4 Jan 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2005
Abstract
We developed two multiplex polymerase chain reactions (PCRs) for the detection of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamases, aac(6′)-Ib gene, and integrase genes (intI1, intI2, and intI3) in class 1, 2, and 3 integrons in Gram-negative bacteria. We evaluated [...] Read more.
We developed two multiplex polymerase chain reactions (PCRs) for the detection of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamases, aac(6′)-Ib gene, and integrase genes (intI1, intI2, and intI3) in class 1, 2, and 3 integrons in Gram-negative bacteria. We evaluated the PCRs using 109 Gram-negative isolates from non-organic (ANO) and organic (AO) vegetables and fruits. Screening of ANO substances identified five SHV, one TEM-1, one CTX-M, 20 AmpC-CS, and two intI1 positives. DNA sequencing revealed CTX-M in Pantoea spp. was blaRANH-2, a plasmid-mediated CTX-M related ESBL gene only found in Rahnella spp. Of the 20 AmpC-CS positives, 10 were CMY/MIR/ACT/EC (3 new variants), eight were ACT, one was AZECL, and one was new Pseudomonas-related AmpC family. Screening of AO substances identified 11 SHV, two TEM-1, three CTX-M (one OXY-2, two CTX-M-14/-15), two OXA-9, 13 AmpC-CS and one intI1 positives. The 13 AmpC-CS positives were five CMY/MIR/ACT/EC, three ACT, one MOX-12 variant, and four ADC (one ADC-25 and three new variants). We developed a rapid, easy-to-perform, low-cost, and reliable multiplex PCR system for screening clinically relevant β-lactamases and integrons in Gram-negative bacteria. We showed the prevalence of ESBLs and AmpC β-lactamases among our panel of ampicillin-resistant Gram-negative strains and detection of NDM and OXA carbapenemases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Beta-Lactamases and Resistance Genes of Gram-Negative Bacteria)
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8 pages, 463 KiB  
Brief Report
Urban Pigeons (Columba livia) as a Source of Broad-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli in Lisbon, Portugal
by Samanta Freire, Teresa Grilo, Laurent Poirel and Marta Aires-de-Sousa
Antibiotics 2022, 11(10), 1368; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11101368 - 6 Oct 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1789
Abstract
Wild birds may be healthy carriers, and therefore, may be involved in the dissemination of clinically relevant antimicrobial-resistant bacteria, such as extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae. This study evaluated whether urban pigeons living in five spots in Lisbon, Portugal, may be [...] Read more.
Wild birds may be healthy carriers, and therefore, may be involved in the dissemination of clinically relevant antimicrobial-resistant bacteria, such as extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae. This study evaluated whether urban pigeons living in five spots in Lisbon, Portugal, may be colonized and, therefore, constitute potential spreaders of multidrug-resistant bacteria. A total of 100 pigeon fecal samples were collected in different urban areas for the detection of ESBL- or carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae. All β-lactamase-producing isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility and their genetic backgrounds were characterized by multilocus sequence typing. Of the 100 fecal samples collected, nine ESBL-producing Escherichia coli (9%) were identified. Three isolates carried the blaCTX-M-15 gene, three isolates harbored the blaCTX-M-27 and three isolates carried the blaSHV-12 gene. Genotyping of the nine ESBL-producing E. coli strains revealed seven different sequence types (STs) including ST10, ST131, ST154, ST206, ST1488 (SLV ST10), ST2858 and ST3576, most of which have been already described in humans, animals or in the environment. Urban pigeons constitute a potential source of ESBL genes and may be a transmission vehicle of multidrug-resistant bacteria in the environment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Beta-Lactamases and Resistance Genes of Gram-Negative Bacteria)
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