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Innovations in Forensic Sciences: Advancing Investigations through Multidisciplinary Approaches

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 August 2025 | Viewed by 1419

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CESPU, Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies (IINFACTS), PRD 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
Interests: exercise; health; artificial intelligence; data analysis; statistical modeling; programming; algorithms; Internet of Things
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The field of forensic science is rapidly evolving, driven by the need for more accurate and reliable evidence in criminal investigations and also by notable new challenges, e.g., those posed by generative AI and AI-powered cybercrime, autonomous driving, the hypersensitivity of DNA devices, the proliferation of digital evidence, big data analytics, Bayesian framework databases and computing needs, illicit drug development, etc. This Special Issue explores the latest innovations and multidisciplinary approaches revolutionizing forensic analysis and evidence collection. Novel technologies, such as advanced genetic analysis, digital forensics, and cutting-edge imaging techniques, provide unprecedented insights into crime scenes and physical evidence. These innovations not only enhance the precision of forensic examinations but also open up new avenues for evidence interpretation. Furthermore, the integration of diverse scientific disciplines, including chemistry, biology, physics, and computer science, is paving the way for comprehensive and holistic approaches to forensic investigations. By combining expertise from various fields, forensic professionals can unravel complex cases and uncover critical details that may have been overlooked using traditional methods. This Special Issue delves into the interdisciplinary nature of modern forensic science, highlighting groundbreaking research, case studies, and expert perspectives. It examines the challenges and opportunities associated with adopting new technologies and collaborative strategies, ultimately aimed at advancing the pursuit of justice through robust and reliable forensic evidence.

Dr. Rui Miguel Simões de Azevedo
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • forensic science innovations
  • DNA analysis techniques
  • digital forensics
  • crime scene investigation
  • AI in forensics
  • multidisciplinary
  • approaches in forensics
  • legal implications of forensic technology
  • machine learning applications in forensics
  • forensic methodologies
  • evidence reliability

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

10 pages, 775 KiB  
Article
Differentiating Primary and Secondary Hypothermia in a Rat Model: The Role of Biochemical Markers in Postmortem Analysis
by Emina Dervišević, Džan Ahmed Jesenković, Aida Bešić, Nedim Šuta, Aida Selmanagić, Zurifa Ajanović, Edina Lazović, Muhamed Katica and Adis Salihbegović
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(23), 11123; https://doi.org/10.3390/app142311123 - 28 Nov 2024
Viewed by 876
Abstract
Postmortem biochemistry is a valuable tool in forensic investigations, providing insights into the tissue damage and organ dysfunction associated with death. This study aimed to identify biochemical markers that distinguish primary and secondary hypothermia. Twenty-one Wistar rats were allocated into three groups: the [...] Read more.
Postmortem biochemistry is a valuable tool in forensic investigations, providing insights into the tissue damage and organ dysfunction associated with death. This study aimed to identify biochemical markers that distinguish primary and secondary hypothermia. Twenty-one Wistar rats were allocated into three groups: the Control group (n = 7), which was exposed only to hypothermic conditions, the Alcohol + Hypothermia group (n = 7), and the Benzodiazepines + Hypothermia group (n = 7). The temperature metrics assessed included the normal core temperature, the post-ketamine (0.3 ml injection) core temperature, the immersion temperature, temperature at the onset of hypothermia, and temperature at death. Blood samples were collected from the thoracic aorta in EDTA vacuum tubes for biochemical analysis. The key biochemical parameters measured included the Total Protein (g/L), Albumin (g/L), Globulin (g/L), Albumin to Globulin Ratio, Alanine Aminotransferase (U/L), Alkaline Phosphatase (U/L), Cholesterol (mmol/L), Amylase (U/L), and Lipase (U/L), using an automated IDEXX (Netherlands) cell counter. Significant between-group differences were found for the total protein and globulin levels (p < 0.001 and p = 0.002, respectively), with post-hoc tests confirming differences between the alcohol and control, and benzodiazepine and control groups. The cholesterol levels were found to be significantly different through an omnibus test (p = 0.03), but post hoc tests did not confirm these differences on a statistically significant level. The amylase levels varied significantly across all groups (p < 0.001), with post hoc tests confirming significant differences among all pairs: alcohol vs. benzodiazepine (p = 0.002), alcohol vs. control (p = 0.003), and benzodiazepine vs. control (p < 0.001). The lipase levels showed significant differences in the omnibus test (p = 0.030), but there was no significance in the post hoc tests. Amylase emerged as the most significant parameter in our study, with reduced levels strongly associated with secondary hypothermia. These findings highlight the potential use of total protein, globulin, and amylase levels as biomarkers to differentiate between primary and secondary hypothermia in forensic contexts. Full article
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