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Power Systems and Renewable Energy Systems: Technologies and Applications
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Power Systems and Renewable Energy Systems: Technologies and Applications

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Energy Science and Technology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 February 2025 | Viewed by 8937

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Yingyi Liu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
Interests: HVDC power transmission; electric field measurement; condition monitoring
Dr. Yiying Liu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
Interests: optical fiber sensing technology; acoustic emission detection technology; DC high current detection technology
Dr. Lihui Yang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
Interests: analysis, operation and control of new energy generation systems; modeling, complex behavior analysis and control of power electronic circuits and systems; analysis of dynamic behavior in nonlinear circuits and systems and their control

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Power systems are composed of large and complex networks governed by physical laws, in which unexpected and uncontrollable events may occur. This complexity has grown considerably in recent years due to increased renewable energy generation capacity and increased distributed generation. Therefore, the analysis, design and operation of current and future power systems requires an effective approach for solving various problems, such as load flow parameters, location finding, filter design, fault location, accident analysis, system recovery after blackout, islanding detection, economic dispatch, unit commitment, etc. This evolution has been so frenetic that it has become necessary for engineers to continuously update the material in order to successfully face and overcome the new challenges involved in managing a new generation of networks.

This Special Issue on “Power Systems and Renewable Energy Systems: Technologies and Applications” will contain the results of the most advanced research in this field and will particularly focus on the development and practical considerations for power systems and next-generation power electronics techniques. The topics covered in this Special Issue will include, but are not limited to, ‎the following:

  • power systems;
  • energy management systems;
  • HVDC power transmission;
  • optical fiber sensing technology;
  • DC high current detection technology;
  • acoustic emission detection technology;
  • power electronics technologies in power systems.

Dr. Yingyi Liu
Dr. Yiying Liu
Dr. Lihui Yang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • power systems
  • energy management systems
  • HVDC power transmission
  • optical fiber sensing technology
  • DC high current detection technology
  • acoustic emission detection technology
  • power electronics technologies in power systems

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Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 9559 KiB  
Article
Weightless Model Predictive Control for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors with Extended State Observer
by Quanfu Geng, Quanhui Liu and Weiguang Zheng
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(18), 8359; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14188359 - 17 Sep 2024
Viewed by 535
Abstract
Traditional model predictive torque control (MPTC) predicts the torque and flux values for the next time step and selects the voltage vector that minimizes the cost function as the optimal vector to apply to the inverter. This control approach is straightforward and allows [...] Read more.
Traditional model predictive torque control (MPTC) predicts the torque and flux values for the next time step and selects the voltage vector that minimizes the cost function as the optimal vector to apply to the inverter. This control approach is straightforward and allows for multi-objective control, but it has some issues in terms of the dynamic steady-state performance and parameter robustness. Therefore, this paper proposes a weightless model predictive control method based on an extended state observer (ESO). By designing an improved ESO to observe and compensate for motor parameter disturbances in real time, and employing a novel 2-D switching table and voltage vector sector selection diagram, the method evaluates three out of eight voltage vectors based on the torque and stator flux error signals. This reduces the computational load while increasing the number of candidate voltage vectors. Finally, a cost function without weighting factors is designed to lower the computational complexity. The simulation results show that the proposed new control method effectively reduces the torque and flux ripple and improves the current waveform compared to traditional MPTC. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Power Systems and Renewable Energy Systems: Technologies and Applications)
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30 pages, 4587 KiB  
Article
A Sustainable Solution for Urban Transport Using Photovoltaic Electric Vehicle Charging Stations: A Case Study of the City of Hail in Saudi Arabia
by Abdulmohsen A. Al-fouzan and Radwan A. Almasri
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(13), 5422; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14135422 - 22 Jun 2024
Viewed by 667
Abstract
As the global shift toward sustainable transportation gains momentum, the integration of electric vehicles (EVs) becomes imperative, necessitating a robust and environmentally friendly charging infrastructure. Leveraging the abundant solar potential in the region, this study examines the technical, economic, and environmental feasibility of [...] Read more.
As the global shift toward sustainable transportation gains momentum, the integration of electric vehicles (EVs) becomes imperative, necessitating a robust and environmentally friendly charging infrastructure. Leveraging the abundant solar potential in the region, this study examines the technical, economic, and environmental feasibility of deploying photovoltaic electric vehicle charging stations (PV-EVCSs) in Hail City, Saudi Arabia, as a case study. This study examines factors such as the energy demand, grid integration, and user accessibility, aiming to address the challenges and opportunities presented by the urban fabric. The proposed solar charging station network seeks to catalyze a paradigm shift toward a cleaner and more sustainable transportation ecosystem, embodying a forward-thinking approach to meeting the evolving needs of urban mobility in the 21st century. The analysis encompasses many scenarios, encompassing a range of car battery sizes, charger powers, and car slots per station. Zone 4 is identified as the most crucial area, where seven charging stations are needed to fulfill the expected demand in the absence of any private charging alternatives. The economic evaluation of the 1047.35 kWp PV system reveals an estimated conventional payback time of 11.69 years, accompanied by a return on assets of 10.17%. The system generates accumulated cash flows amounting to SR 7,169,294.62 over 30 years, while the estimated operational and maintenance expenses are predicted to be SR 50,000 per year. The overall investment cost for the solar PV and EV charging stations is SR 4,487,982. This cost is offset by the yearly electricity savings from solar and grid sources, which can reach up to SR 396,465.26 by year 30. This work presents a detailed plan for the future of sustainable transport. It combines technical, environmental, and economic aspects to promote a cleaner and more sustainable urban mobility system. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Power Systems and Renewable Energy Systems: Technologies and Applications)
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26 pages, 9297 KiB  
Article
Virtual Power Plant’s Optimal Scheduling Strategy in Day-Ahead and Balancing Markets Considering Reserve Provision Model of Energy Storage System
by Nhung Nguyen Hong and Huy Nguyen Duc
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(5), 2175; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14052175 - 5 Mar 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1088
Abstract
In recent years, with the rapid increase in renewable energy sources (RESs), a Virtual Power Plant (VPP) concept has been developed to integrate many small-scale RESs, energy storage systems (ESSs), and customers into a unified agent in the electricity market. Optimal coordination among [...] Read more.
In recent years, with the rapid increase in renewable energy sources (RESs), a Virtual Power Plant (VPP) concept has been developed to integrate many small-scale RESs, energy storage systems (ESSs), and customers into a unified agent in the electricity market. Optimal coordination among resources within the VPP will overcome their disadvantages and enable them to participate in both energy and balancing markets. This study considers a VPP as an active agent in reserve provision with an upward reserve capacity contract pre-signed in the balancing capacity (BC) market. Based on the BC contract’s requirements and the forecasted data of RESs and demand, a two-stage stochastic optimization model is presented to determine the VPP’s optimal scheduling in the day-ahead (DA) and balancing energy (BE) markets. The probability of reserve activation in the BE market is considered in this model. The ESS’s reserve provision model is proposed so as not to affect its schedule in the DA market. The proposed optimal scheduling model is applied to a test VPP system; then, the effects of the BC contract and the probability of reserve activation on the VPP’s trading schedule are analyzed. The results show that the proposed model has practical significance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Power Systems and Renewable Energy Systems: Technologies and Applications)
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27 pages, 22290 KiB  
Article
Allocation and Sizing of DSTATCOM with Renewable Energy Systems and Load Uncertainty Using Enhanced Gray Wolf Optimization
by Ridha Djamel Mohammedi, Abdellah Kouzou, Mustafa Mosbah, Aissa Souli, Jose Rodriguez and Mohamed Abdelrahem
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(2), 556; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14020556 - 9 Jan 2024
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1461
Abstract
Over the last decade, flexible alternating current transmission systems (FACTS) have been crucial in ensuring optimal power distribution within modern power systems. A vital component of FACTS devices is the distribution static compensator (DSTATCOM), which is essential for maintaining a reliable power supply. [...] Read more.
Over the last decade, flexible alternating current transmission systems (FACTS) have been crucial in ensuring optimal power distribution within modern power systems. A vital component of FACTS devices is the distribution static compensator (DSTATCOM), which is essential for maintaining a reliable power supply. It is commonly used for reactive power compensation, voltage regulation, and harmonic reduction. Determining the appropriate size and placement of DSTATCOMs is vital to ensuring their efficiency. This study introduces the improved gray wolf optimizer (I-GWO), a refined version of the classical gray wolf optimization (GWO) method. The I-GWO incorporates a dimension learning-based hunting (DLH) strategy to preserve population diversity, balance exploration and exploitation, and prevent the premature convergence of classical GWO. In this research, the I-GWO was applied to determine the optimum allocation and sizing of the DSTATCOMs, considering system constraints, including those presented by the intermittent and stochastic nature of the load and renewable energy resources, specifically wind and solar energy. The suggested approach was successfully tested on 33-, 69-, and 85-bus distribution systems and then compared with existing studies. The results demonstrated the I-GWO-based approach’s superiority in terms of reducing power losses, improving voltage profiles, and enhancing voltage stability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Power Systems and Renewable Energy Systems: Technologies and Applications)
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19 pages, 4270 KiB  
Article
Impedance-Based Stability Analysis of Grid-Connected Inverters under the Unbalanced Grid Condition
by Jinzhu Shi, Lihui Yang and Hao Yang
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(22), 12441; https://doi.org/10.3390/app132212441 - 17 Nov 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1567
Abstract
As a common interface circuit for renewable energy integrated into the power grid, the inverter is prone to work under a three-phase unbalanced weak grid. In this paper, the instability of grid-connected inverters under the unbalanced grid condition is investigated. First, a dual [...] Read more.
As a common interface circuit for renewable energy integrated into the power grid, the inverter is prone to work under a three-phase unbalanced weak grid. In this paper, the instability of grid-connected inverters under the unbalanced grid condition is investigated. First, a dual second-order generalized integrator phase-locked loop (DSOGI-PLL)-based inverter under balanced and unbalanced conditions is modeled. A fourth-order impedance model is established to describe its impedance characteristics under the unbalanced grid condition. To analyze this multi-input multi-output system, a simplified stability analysis method based on the generalized Nyquist stability criterion and matrix theory is proposed. Then, the influences of circuit and control parameters on the stability of the grid-connected inverter system under the unbalanced grid condition are investigated. Finally, the accuracy of the derived frequency-coupled impedance model is verified via simulations, and the effectiveness of the proposed simplified stability analysis method on the system stability analysis is verified via both simulations and hardware experiments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Power Systems and Renewable Energy Systems: Technologies and Applications)
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18 pages, 21655 KiB  
Article
Research and Application of Semi-Supervised Category Dictionary Model Based on Transfer Learning
by Yuansheng Dai, Yingyi Liu, Haoyu Song, Bing He, Haiwen Yuan and Boyang Zhang
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(13), 7841; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13137841 - 4 Jul 2023
Viewed by 970
Abstract
Classification tasks are pivotal across diverse applications, yet the burgeoning amount of data, coupled with complicating factors such as noise, exacerbates the challenge of classifying complex data. For algorithms that require a large amount of data, the annotation work for datasets is also [...] Read more.
Classification tasks are pivotal across diverse applications, yet the burgeoning amount of data, coupled with complicating factors such as noise, exacerbates the challenge of classifying complex data. For algorithms that require a large amount of data, the annotation work for datasets is also exceptionally complex and tedious. Drawing upon existing research, this paper first introduces a novel semi-supervised category dictionary model based on transfer learning (SSDT). This model is designed to construct a more representative category dictionary and to delineate the associations of information across different domains, utilizing the lens of conditional probability distribution. This approach is particularly apt for semi-supervised transfer learning scenarios. Subsequently, the proposed method is applied to the domain of bearing fault diagnosis. This model is suitable for transfer scenarios; moreover, its semi-supervised characteristic eliminates the need for labeling the entire input dataset, significantly reducing manual workload. Experimental results attest to the model’s practical utility. When benchmarked against other 6 models, the SSDT model demonstrates enhanced generalization performance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Power Systems and Renewable Energy Systems: Technologies and Applications)
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16 pages, 5059 KiB  
Article
An Optimization-Based Intentional Islanding Scheme for Service Restoration in Distribution Systems Considering Anti-Parallel Operation of Distributed Generations
by Bangjie Qiu, Jae-Guk An, Jin-Uk Song and Yun-Sik Oh
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(9), 5501; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13095501 - 28 Apr 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1197
Abstract
An islanding operation of distributed generations (DGs) in emergencies due to a fault in distribution systems can be a means of power supply for important loads in outage areas by facilitating the self-sufficient capability of DGs forming microgrids. This paper presents an optimization-based [...] Read more.
An islanding operation of distributed generations (DGs) in emergencies due to a fault in distribution systems can be a means of power supply for important loads in outage areas by facilitating the self-sufficient capability of DGs forming microgrids. This paper presents an optimization-based intentional islanding scheme to derive a near-optimal service restoration (SR) plan. The anti-parallel operation of DGs is considered a new constraint that avoids more than two DGs in an island thereby, enabling simpler control and operation of the distribution system in an emergency. Each island is created by an island partitioning scheme based on the tree representation of the network and fast searching scheme for the tree structure considering load importance, and a genetic algorithm (GA) is utilized to explore possible SR solutions. Case studies on IEEE 69-bus distribution system according to various fault locations are conducted, and the simulation results show that the proposed scheme can restore more loads with higher priority in outage areas by the intentional islanding of DGs. Furthermore, the time for deriving the optimal solution can be reduced since the evaluations for infeasible solutions are not performed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Power Systems and Renewable Energy Systems: Technologies and Applications)
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