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Applied Sciences
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Advances in Augmented Medicine
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Advances in Augmented Medicine

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Applied Biosciences and Bioengineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 November 2022) | Viewed by 11693

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Pietro Piazzolla

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Dipartimento di Ingegneria Gestionale e della Produzione—DIGEP—Politecnico di Torino, 10100 Torino, Italy
Interests: augmented reality; computer graphics; computer vision
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Mauro Iacono

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
Interests: computer systems modeling
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Marco Gribaudo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, University Polytechnic of Milan, Milan, Italy
Interests: energy optimization; performance analysis; big data; augmented reality; computer graphics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Clinical practice is currently confronted with the possibility of adopting new artificial-intelligence-based technological tools that can drastically improve the effectiveness of health professionals in providing early diagnoses, minimally invasive, and patient-specific treatments options.

Along with the well-known growth of computational power that has enabled the widespread explosion of neural network advancements, the ease of access to all kinds of sensors has drastically increased the amount of data that can be processed also. Many new devices, relatively small in physical dimensions, are now capable of running AI-powered applications. All this leads to the emergence of a new field of study that is starting to be known as Augmented Medicine (AM), a potentially vast field that integrates medicine with different computer sciences and enables technologies such as Machine Learning, Computer Vision, and Mixed Reality.

Developed AM applications focus on different aspects of clinical practice, ranging from surgical navigation systems to pre-operatory collaborative planning tools, from post-operatory pain management systems to diagnostic tools to analyze medical imagery. What they all have in common is the implementation of the 4P healthcare paradigm (Predictive, Preventive, Personalized, Participatory).

The aim of this Special Issue is to advance the scholarly understanding of how AI-powered medical technologies can be used to further clinical practice transition to the 4P model.

In particular, the topics of interest for this Special Issue include but are not limited to the following:

  • New technological solutions for new AI-based applications in augmented medicine;
  • Virtual and/or augmented reality solutions for minimally invasive surgery;
  • Novel validation strategies for AI-based solutions in medicine;
  • Patient’s personal data protection strategies;
  • Ongoing education for medics in digital medicine strategies;
  • Smart surgery rooms;
  • Wearable system for collaborative diagnosis;
  • Digital twins.

Prof. Dr. Pietro Piazzolla
Dr. Mauro Iacono
Prof. Dr. Marco Gribaudo
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • augmented medicine
  • AI-powered medical technologies
  • digital medicine

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 9505 KiB  
Article
Toward Supporting Maxillo-Facial Surgical Guides Positioning with Mixed Reality—A Preliminary Study
by Chiara Piramide, Luca Ulrich, Pietro Piazzolla and Enrico Vezzetti
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(16), 8154; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12168154 - 15 Aug 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1386
Abstract
Following an oncological resection or trauma it may be necessary to reconstruct the normal anatomical and functional mandible structures to ensure the effective and complete social reintegration of patients. In most surgical procedures, reconstruction of the mandibular shape and its occlusal relationship is [...] Read more.
Following an oncological resection or trauma it may be necessary to reconstruct the normal anatomical and functional mandible structures to ensure the effective and complete social reintegration of patients. In most surgical procedures, reconstruction of the mandibular shape and its occlusal relationship is performed through the free fibula flap using a surgical guide which allows the surgeon to easily identify the location and orientation of the cutting plane. In the present work, we present a Mixed Reality (MR)-based solution to support professionals in surgical guide positioning. The proposed solution, through the use of a Head-Mounted Display (HMD) such as that of the HoloLens 2, visualizes a 3D virtual model of the surgical guide, positioned over the patient’s real fibula in the correct position as identified by the medical team before the procedure. The professional wearing the HMD is then assisted in positioning the real guide over the virtual one by our solution, which is capable of tracking the real guide during the whole process and computing its distance from the final position. The assessment results highlight that Mixed Reality is an eligible technology to support surgeons, combining the usability of the device with an improvement of the accuracy in fibula flap removal surgery. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Augmented Medicine)
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10 pages, 1836 KiB  
Article
Predicting Objective Response Rate (ORR) in Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor (ICI) Therapies with Machine Learning (ML) by Combining Clinical and Patient-Reported Data
by Sanna Iivanainen, Jussi Ekström, Henri Virtanen, Vesa V. Kataja and Jussi P. Koivunen
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(3), 1563; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12031563 - 31 Jan 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3257
Abstract
ICIs are a standard of care in several malignancies; however, according to overall response rate (ORR), only a subset of eligible patients benefits from ICIs. Thus, an ability to predict ORR could enable more rational use. In this study a ML-based ORR prediction [...] Read more.
ICIs are a standard of care in several malignancies; however, according to overall response rate (ORR), only a subset of eligible patients benefits from ICIs. Thus, an ability to predict ORR could enable more rational use. In this study a ML-based ORR prediction model was built, with patient-reported symptom data and other clinical data as inputs, using the extreme gradient boosting technique (XGBoost). Prediction performance for unseen samples was evaluated using leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV), and the performance was evaluated with accuracy, AUC (area under curve), F1 score, and MCC (Matthew’s correlation coefficient). The ORR prediction model had a promising LOOCV performance with all four metrics: accuracy (75%), AUC (0.71), F1 score (0.58), and MCC (0.4). A rather good sensitivity (0.58) and high specificity (0.82) of the model were seen in the confusion matrix for all 63 LOOCV ORR predictions. The two most important symptoms for predicting the ORR were itching and fatigue. The results show that it is possible to predict ORR for patients with multiple advanced cancers undergoing ICI therapies with a ML model combining clinical, routine laboratory, and patient-reported data even with a limited size cohort. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Augmented Medicine)
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Review

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19 pages, 2706 KiB  
Review
Significance of Haptic and Virtual Reality Simulation (VRS) in the Dental Education: A Review of Literature
by Eisha Imran, Necdet Adanir and Zohaib Khurshid
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(21), 10196; https://doi.org/10.3390/app112110196 - 30 Oct 2021
Cited by 35 | Viewed by 6264
Abstract
The significance of haptic and virtual reality (VR) has been acknowledged by eminent dental professionals and has transformed dental teaching in the modern dental world. With this novel technological concept, students can interact with digital simulation on the screen and learn treatment skills [...] Read more.
The significance of haptic and virtual reality (VR) has been acknowledged by eminent dental professionals and has transformed dental teaching in the modern dental world. With this novel technological concept, students can interact with digital simulation on the screen and learn treatment skills before transferring them to real situations. This is helpful for gaining skills confidence, revising exercises again and again without the waste of materials, and for student assessment controlled by a teacher or tutor. It is a promising technology to enhance dental education for the new era of post COVID-19 practice due to noncontact patient training environments. It can create a safe learning environment for the teacher and learner or participant. The prospect of this literature review is to highlight the significance and clinical applications of virtual reality and simulations in undergraduate dental education. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Augmented Medicine)
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