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Applied Sciences
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New Vistas in Metal Hydrides and Related Materials
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New Vistas in Metal Hydrides and Related Materials

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Science and Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (21 January 2022) | Viewed by 4995

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Katsutoshi Aoki

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
Interests: material sciences

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Metal hydrides have been studied in a wide range of research fields from science to engineering. Hydrogen atoms form various bonding states with metal atoms: neutral hydrogen, positively charged proton, negatively charged hydride-ion, and covalently bonded hydrogen. As a result, a variety of physical and functional properties such as superconductivity, ionic conductivity, and hydrogen storage are realized in metal hydrides and hydride complexes.

Quantum beam technologies play important roles in this research field. Neutron scattering offers a powerful tool for investigating the arrangement and dynamics of hydrogen atoms in solids, while synchrotron X-ray spectroscopy is an excellent tool for studying the bonding nature between hydrogen and metal atoms. Muon spectroscopy can also be used to study the dynamics of hydrogen on surface. The recent discovery of hydrogen-rich metal hydrides, which exhibit superconductivity as high as room temperature, will raise expectations for quantum beam technology.

The purpose of this special issue is to share the latest research trend on metal hydrides and related materials, and to inspire ideas for future development. In this special issue, we attempt to focus more explicitly the target materials and phenomena. We welcome contributions of original papers and reviews on pioneering techniques for synthesis, measurement, analysis, and application, and on the latest research results produced using these techniques.

Dr. Katsutoshi Aoki
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • metal hydride
  • hydride complex
  • oxihydride
  • film hydride
  • hydrogen storage
  • hydrogen embrittlement
  • hydrogen adsorption and permeation
  • hydrogen in semiconductor
  • superconductivity
  • ionic conductivity
  • quantum beam technology

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 3769 KiB  
Article
Generating Mechanism of Catalytic Effect for Hydrogen Absorption/Desorption Reactions in NaAlH4–TiCl3
by Kazutaka Ikeda, Fumika Fujisaki, Toshiya Otomo, Hidetoshi Ohshita, Takashi Honda, Toru Kawamata, Hiroshi Arima, Kazumasa Sugiyama, Hitoshi Abe, Hyunjeong Kim, Kouji Sakaki, Yumiko Nakamura, Akihiko Machida, Toyoto Sato, Shigeyuki Takagi and Shin-ichi Orimo
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(18), 8349; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11188349 - 9 Sep 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2666
Abstract
The hydrogen desorption and absorption reactions of the complex metal hydride NaAlH4 are disproportionation processes, and the kinetics can be improved by adding a few mol% of Ti compounds, although the catalytic mechanism, including the location and state of Ti, remains unknown. [...] Read more.
The hydrogen desorption and absorption reactions of the complex metal hydride NaAlH4 are disproportionation processes, and the kinetics can be improved by adding a few mol% of Ti compounds, although the catalytic mechanism, including the location and state of Ti, remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to reveal the generating mechanism of catalytic Al–Ti alloy in NaAlH4 with TiCl3 using quantum multiprobe techniques such as neutron diffraction (ND), synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD), anomalous X-ray scattering (AXS), and X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS). Rietveld refinements of the ND and XRD, profiles before the first desorption of NaAlD(H)4–0.02TiCl3 showed that Al in NaAlD(H)4 was partially substituted by Ti. On the other hand, Ti was not present in NaAlH4, and Al–Ti nanoparticles were detected in the XRD profile after the first re-absorption. This was consistent with the AXS and XAFS results. It is suggested that the substitution promotes the formation of a highly dispersed nanosized Al–Ti alloy during the first desorption process and that the effectiveness of TiCl3 as an additive can be attributed to the dispersion of Ti. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Vistas in Metal Hydrides and Related Materials)
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8 pages, 1615 KiB  
Article
Pressure–Temperature Phase Diagram of Ta-H System up to 9 GPa and 600 °C
by Hiroyuki Saitoh, Shigeyuki Takagi, Toyoto Sato and Shin-ichi Orimo
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(15), 6719; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11156719 - 22 Jul 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1779
Abstract
High-pressure hydrogenation behaviors of pure metals have not been investigated extensively, although intense research of hydrogenation reactions under high pressure has been conducted to find novel functional hydrides. The former provides us with valuable information for the high-pressure synthesis of novel functional hydrides. [...] Read more.
High-pressure hydrogenation behaviors of pure metals have not been investigated extensively, although intense research of hydrogenation reactions under high pressure has been conducted to find novel functional hydrides. The former provides us with valuable information for the high-pressure synthesis of novel functional hydrides. A pressure–temperature phase diagram of the Ta–H system has been determined using the in situ synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction technique below 9 GPa and 600 °C in this study. At room temperature, the phase boundary obtained between distorted bcc TaH~1 and hcp TaH~2 was consistent with the previously reported transition pressure. The experimentally obtained Clapeyron slope can be explained via the entropy change caused by hydrogen evolution from TaH~2. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Vistas in Metal Hydrides and Related Materials)
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