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Computational Modeling and Simulation of Solids and Structures: Recent Advances and Practical Applications

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A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Mechanical Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 February 2022) | Viewed by 29312

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Jin-Gyun Kim

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Guest Editor

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 449-701, Republic of Korea
Interests: mechanics of composite materials and structures; finite element methods; deployable structures; shock-absorbing structures
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Prof. Dr. Jae Hyuk Lim

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Guest Editor

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Korea
Interests: mechanics of composite materials and structures; finite element methods; deployable structures; shock-absorbing structures
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Prof. Dr. Peter Persson

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Guest Editor

Department of Construction Sciences, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
Interests: structural dynamics; ground vibration; wave propagation; finite element analysis; stochastic modeling
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Computational modeling and simulation are essential to solid and structural mechanics. They have not only covered entire engineering fields (civil, aerospace, mechanical, etc.) but also various scales (from nano to macro) and physics (mono- and multiphysics). Recently, they have been found to be able to offer theoretical backgrounds of digital transformation. Society at large is increasingly enthusiastic about data-driven modeling and simulation, and the possibilities they offer.

The aim of this Special Issue is to provide a forum for researchers to discuss recent advanced computational modeling and simulation techniques of solids and structures, and applications to solve challenging engineering problems. Innovative and novel modeling approaches, numerical methods, and industrial applications are of special interest. The industrial applications should include a strong connection to computational modeling and simulation. We invite contributions to this Special Issue on topics including but not limited to the following:

Numerical methods:
- Finite elements;
- Flexible multibody dynamics;
- Numerical and semianalytical methods.
Modeling and simulation aspects:
- Linear/nonlinear dynamics;
- Computational solid mechanics;
- Wave propagation/vibration;
- Multiscale/multiphysics;
- Composites.
Data-driven modeling and simulation:
- Machine learning based;
- Parameter identification;
- Model updating;
- Stochastic modeling.
Design of solids and structures:
- Optimization methods;
- Engineering solutions;
- Parametric and topology optimization.
Applications include, but not limited to:
- Aerospace engineering (aircraft, helicopters, missiles, launchers, satellites, etc.);
- Civil engineering (buildings, lightweight structures, bridges, wind turbines, etc.);
- Mechanical engineering (home appliances, manufacturing devices, robotics, vehicles, precision machinery, etc.)

Prof. Dr. Jin-Gyun Kim
Prof. Dr. Jae Hyuk Lim
Prof. Dr. Peter Persson
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

computational dynamics
computational mechanics
finite element analysis
wave propagation
data-driven modeling and simulation

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Published Papers (10 papers)

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Editorial

Jump to: Research

2 pages, 156 KiB

Open AccessEditorial

Special Issue on “Computational Modeling and Simulation of Solids and Structures: Recent Advances and Practical Applications”

by Jin-Gyun Kim, Jae Hyuk Lim and Peter Persson

Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(7), 3660; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12073660 - 5 Apr 2022

Viewed by 1139

Abstract

Computational modeling and simulation are essential to solid and structural mechanics [...] Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Computational Modeling and Simulation of Solids and Structures: Recent Advances and Practical Applications)

Research

Jump to: Editorial

35 pages, 13002 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Modeling and Analysis of FBV Movements for Automotive Driveshafts in the PPR Region

by Mihai Bugaru and Ovidiu Vasile

Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(7), 3237; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12073237 - 22 Mar 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2215

Abstract

This research’s goal is to model and analyze the forced bending vibrating (FBV) movements for the elements of an automotive driveshaft using a perturbation technique, the asymptotic method approach (AMA), in the region of principal parametric resonance (PPR). The PPR region was chosen because the principal parametric resonance region is one of the essential resonance regions. The model of FBV movements for the automotive driveshaft (AD) considers the aspects of the following phenomena: geometric nonuniformity of the AD elements and shock excitation due to the road. To overcome the equations for the FBV movements of the AD elements, all inertia characteristics were reduced to the longitudinal ax of the midshaft using the variation of the geometric moments of inertia with the concurrent axis and Stener’s theorem. The midshaft of the AD was considered a Timoshenko simply supported beam with a concentrated mass at both ends and springs and dampers for linear and rotational movements at both ends. To determine the equations describing the FBV movements of the AD elements, Hamilton’s principle was used. After establishing the equations of motion for each AD element coupled with the specific boundary conditions, the amplitude and the phase angle were computed for stationary and nonstationary motion in the PPR region using the first order of the AMA, and the dynamic instability frontiers were determined based on the same equations. The dynamic behavior of the AD was investigated concerning the variation of the damping ratio and the variation of the parametric excitation coefficient. The AMA coupled with the model of FBV movements for the AD exhibits the future research directions for analyzing FBV movements for the AD in the regions of superharmonic resonances, subharmonic resonances, combination resonances, internal resonances, and simultaneous resonances. Additionally, the AMA can predict the endurance of the AD and design control of car damping systems. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Computational Modeling and Simulation of Solids and Structures: Recent Advances and Practical Applications)

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21 pages, 1725 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Gaussian Process Surrogates for Modeling Uncertainties in a Use Case of Forging Superalloys

by Johannes G. Hoffer, Bernhard C. Geiger and Roman Kern

Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(3), 1089; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12031089 - 20 Jan 2022

Cited by 15 | Viewed by 4047

Abstract

The avoidance of scrap and the adherence to tolerances is an important goal in manufacturing. This requires a good engineering understanding of the underlying process. To achieve this, real physical experiments can be conducted. However, they are expensive in time and resources, and can slow down production. A promising way to overcome these drawbacks is process exploration through simulation, where the finite element method (FEM) is a well-established and robust simulation method. While FEM simulation can provide high-resolution results, it requires extensive computing resources to do so. In addition, the simulation design often depends on unknown process properties. To circumvent these drawbacks, we present a Gaussian Process surrogate model approach that accounts for real physical manufacturing process uncertainties and acts as a substitute for expensive FEM simulation, resulting in a fast and robust method that adequately depicts reality. We demonstrate that active learning can be easily applied with our surrogate model to improve computational resources. On top of that, we present a novel optimization method that treats aleatoric and epistemic uncertainties separately, allowing for greater flexibility in solving inverse problems. We evaluate our model using a typical manufacturing use case, the preforming of an Inconel 625 superalloy billet on a forging press. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Computational Modeling and Simulation of Solids and Structures: Recent Advances and Practical Applications)

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17 pages, 6598 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Modeling and Validation of a Passive Truss-Link Mechanism for Deployable Structures Considering Friction Compensation with Response Surface Methods

by Han-Sol Choi, Dong-Yeon Kim, Jeong-Hoon Park, Jae Hyuk Lim and Tae Seong Jang

Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(1), 451; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12010451 - 4 Jan 2022

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2298

Abstract

In this study, a passive truss-link mechanism applicable to large-scale deployable structures was designed to achieve successful deployment in space. First, we simplified the selected truss-link mechanisms to the two-dimensional geometry and calculated the degrees of freedom (DOF) to determine whether a kinematic over-constraint occurs. The dimensions of the truss-link structure were determined through a deployment kinematic analysis. Second, a deployment simulation with the truss-link was conducted using multibody dynamics (MBD) software. Finally, a deployment test was performed considering gravity compensation, and the results were compared with those of MBD simulation. The results of the deployment simulations were confirmed to be slightly faster than those of the deployment test due to friction effects existing in the joints and gravity compensation devices. To address this issue, inverse identification of the equivalent frictional torque (EFT) at the revolute joints in the deployment test was conducted through response surface methods (RSM) combined with the central composite design technique. As a result, we confirmed that the deployment angle history of the deployment simulation was similar to that of the deployment test. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Computational Modeling and Simulation of Solids and Structures: Recent Advances and Practical Applications)

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12 pages, 2105 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Free and Forced Wave Motion in a Two-Dimensional Plate with Radial Periodicity

by Elisabetta Manconi, Sergey V. Sorokin, Rinaldo Garziera and Matheus Mikael Quartaroli

Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(22), 10948; https://doi.org/10.3390/app112210948 - 19 Nov 2021

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1982

Abstract

In many practical engineering situations, a source of vibrations may excite a large and flexible structure such as a ship’s deck, an aeroplane fuselage, a satellite antenna, a wall panel. To avoid transmission of the vibration and structure-borne sound, radial or polar periodicity may be used. In these cases, numerical approaches to study free and forced wave propagation close to the excitation source in polar coordinates are desirable. This is the paper’s aim, where a numerical method based on Floquet-theory and the FE discretision of a finite slice of the radial periodic structure is presented and verified. Only a small slice of the structure is analysed, which is approximated using piecewise Cartesian segments. Wave characteristics in each segment are obtained by the theory of wave propagation in periodic Cartesian structures and Finite Element analysis, while wave amplitude change due to the changes in the geometry of the slice is accommodated in the model assuming that the energy flow through the segments is the same. Forced response of the structure is then evaluated in the wave domain. Results are verified for an infinite isotropic thin plate excited by a point harmonic force. A plate with a periodic radial change of thickness is then studied. Free waves propagation are shown, and the forced response in the nearfield is evaluated, showing the validity of the method and the computational advantage compared to FE harmonic analysis for infinite structures. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Computational Modeling and Simulation of Solids and Structures: Recent Advances and Practical Applications)

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17 pages, 4382 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Topology Optimization of Deformable Bodies with Linear Dynamic Impact and Frictionless Contact Condition

by Gil-Eon Jeong

Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(22), 10518; https://doi.org/10.3390/app112210518 - 9 Nov 2021

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1911

Abstract

There has been an increasing demand for the design of an optimum topological layout in several engineering fields for a simple part, along with a system that considers the relative behaviors between adjacent parts. This paper presents a method of designing an optimum topological layout to achieve a linear dynamic impact and frictionless contact conditions in which relative behaviors can be observed between adjacent deformable parts. The solid isotropic method with penalization (SIMP) method is used with an appropriate filtering scheme to obtain an optimum topological layout. The condensed mortar method is used to handle the non-matching interface, which inevitably occurs in the impact and contact regions, since it can easily apply the existing well-known topology optimization approach even in the presence of a non-matching interface. The validity of the proposed method is verified through a numerical example. In the future, the proposed optimization approach will be applied to more general and highly nonlinear non-matching interface problems, such as friction contact and multi-physics problems. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Computational Modeling and Simulation of Solids and Structures: Recent Advances and Practical Applications)

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32 pages, 2079 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Mesh-Free Surrogate Models for Structural Mechanic FEM Simulation: A Comparative Study of Approaches

by Johannes G. Hoffer, Bernhard C. Geiger, Patrick Ofner and Roman Kern

Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(20), 9411; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11209411 - 11 Oct 2021

Cited by 18 | Viewed by 4816

Abstract

The technical world of today fundamentally relies on structural analysis in the form of design and structural mechanic simulations. A traditional and robust simulation method is the physics-based finite element method (FEM) simulation. FEM simulations in structural mechanics are known to be very accurate; however, the higher the desired resolution, the more computational effort is required. Surrogate modeling provides a robust approach to address this drawback. Nonetheless, finding the right surrogate model and its hyperparameters for a specific use case is not a straightforward process. In this paper, we discuss and compare several classes of mesh-free surrogate models based on traditional and thriving machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) methods. We show that relatively simple algorithms (such as k-nearest neighbor regression) can be competitive in applications with low geometrical complexity and extrapolation requirements. With respect to tasks exhibiting higher geometric complexity, our results show that recent DL methods at the forefront of literature (such as physics-informed neural networks) are complicated to train and to parameterize and thus, require further research before they can be put to practical use. In contrast, we show that already well-researched DL methods, such as the multi-layer perceptron, are superior with respect to interpolation use cases and can be easily trained with available tools. With our work, we thus present a basis for the selection and practical implementation of surrogate models. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Computational Modeling and Simulation of Solids and Structures: Recent Advances and Practical Applications)

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19 pages, 4726 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Identification of Pre-Tightening Torque Dependent Parameters for Empirical Modeling of Bolted Joints

by Yu Tian, Hui Qian, Zhifu Cao, Dahai Zhang and Dong Jiang

Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(19), 9134; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11199134 - 30 Sep 2021

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2251

Abstract

The vibration characteristics of bolted structures are crucially affected by the pre-tightening torque. An approach for identifying the pre-tightening torque dependent stiffness parameters of bolted joints is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the interface of the bolted joint is characterized by the thin layer element with the isotropic material property, and the parameter value of the property is assigned relative to the distance from the center of the bolt; the influence of the bolt is ignored. Secondly, the model updating method is adopted to identify the parameters of thin layer elements using experimental data, and modal data under different values of pre-tightening torque in the range of 2 N·m~22 N·m are obtained; the torque wrench is used to determine the pre-tightening torque in the modal test. Finally, after identifying the material parameters using partial experimental data on pre-tightening torque range, the empirical equation of the interface parameters with the pre-tightening torque parameter is obtained by curve fitting and the rest of the experimental data are used to verify the accuracy of the fitted empirical equations. It is concluded that this method can obtain all the parameters of the equivalent thin layer elements within a certain range of pre-tightening torque, which can provide a reference for the empirical modeling of bolted structures, improve modeling efficiency and reflect the characteristic performance of real structural dynamics. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Computational Modeling and Simulation of Solids and Structures: Recent Advances and Practical Applications)

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18 pages, 7836 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Improving Skills in Mechanism and Machine Science Using GIM Software

by Erik Macho, Mónica Urízar, Víctor Petuya and Alfonso Hernández

Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(17), 7850; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11177850 - 26 Aug 2021

Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3956

Abstract

The field of education has evolved significantly in recent years as it has incorporated new pedagogical methodologies. Many of these methodologies are designed to encourage students’ participation in the learning process. The traditional role of the student as a passive receiver of content is no longer considered valid. Teaching in mechanical engineering is no stranger to these changes either, where new learning activities have been designed to complement theory-heavy lectures. These activities take place in both physical and virtual laboratories. In case of the latter, the use of the GIM software (developed at the Department of Mechanical Engineering of the University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Spain) is a promising option. In this paper, features of the GIM that are most frequently used to support and exemplify the theoretical concepts taught in lectures are described using a case study. In addition, GIM is integrated into different learning activities to show its potential as a tool for learning and self-evaluation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Computational Modeling and Simulation of Solids and Structures: Recent Advances and Practical Applications)

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10 pages, 2404 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Piezoresistive Characteristics of Nanocarbon Composite Strain Sensor by Its Longitudinal Pattern Design

by Sung-Yong Kim, Baek-Gyu Choi, Gwang-Won Oh, Chan-Jung Kim, Young-Seok Jung, Jin-Seok Jang, Kwan-Young Joung, Jun-Ho Suh and Inpil Kang

Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(13), 5760; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11135760 - 22 Jun 2021

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2137

Abstract

For an engineering feasibility study, we studied a simple design to improve NCSS (nanocarbon composite strain sensor) sensitivity by using its geometric pattern at a macro scale. We fabricated bulk- and grid-type sensors with different filler content weights (wt.%) and different sensor lengths and investigated their sensitivity characteristics. We also proposed a unit gauge factor model of NCSS to find a correlation between sensor length and its sensitivity. NCSS sensitivity was improved proportional to its length incremental ratio and we were able to achieve better linear and consistent data from the grid type than the bulk type one. We conclude that the longer sensor length results in a larger change of resistance due to its piezoresistive unit summation and that sensor geometric pattern design is one of the important issues for axial load and deformation measurement. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Computational Modeling and Simulation of Solids and Structures: Recent Advances and Practical Applications)

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