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Orthodontics and Maxillofacial Surgery
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Orthodontics and Maxillofacial Surgery

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Applied Dentistry and Oral Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 June 2025 | Viewed by 7036

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Monika Elżbieta Machoy

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Division of Orthodontics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
Interests: orthodontic
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Orthodontics and maxillofacial surgery are distinct yet interconnected specialties within the realm of dentistry. Orthodontics focuses on the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of dental and facial irregularities, primarily through the use of braces, aligners, and other corrective devices. On the other hand, maxillofacial surgery involves surgical interventions to address complex craniofacial conditions, corrective jaw surgeries, and other related procedures.

The integration of these two disciplines offers a comprehensive approach to correcting diverse skeletal and dental discrepancies, functional impairments, and aesthetic concerns. The collaboration between orthodontists and maxillofacial surgeons is crucial for planning and executing interdisciplinary treatments that yield harmonious facial proportions, improved dental occlusion, enhanced oral function, and enhanced aesthetic outcomes.

This Special Issue aims to provide a platform for researchers, practitioners, and educators to share the latest advancements, clinical experiences, and scientific insights in the field of orthodontics and maxillofacial surgery. It encompasses a wide range of topics, including but not limited to:

  • Diagnosis and treatment planning: Evaluating the diagnostic tools, imaging techniques, and software applications that aid in accurate assessment and treatment planning for orthognathic surgeries and orthodontic treatments.
  • Surgical techniques and innovations: Exploring evolving surgical approaches, advancements in technology, and novel surgical techniques in maxillofacial surgery, with an emphasis on their impact on orthodontic treatment outcomes.
  • Orthodontic considerations in maxillofacial surgery: Discussing the role of orthodontics as a preparatory phase for surgery, including strategies for pre-surgical orthodontic treatment, the coordination of orthodontic and surgical treatment timelines, and the management of post-surgical orthodontic care.
  • Multidisciplinary collaboration: Highlighting successful collaborations between orthodontists, maxillofacial surgeons, periodontists, and other allied healthcare professionals to optimize patient care and achieve comprehensive treatment goals.

Dr. Monika Elżbieta Machoy
Guest Editor

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

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Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 1830 KiB  
Article
Light Clenching Differentially Affects Balance Ability According to Occlusal Contact Stability
by Mutsumi Takahashi, Yogetsu Bando, Takuya Fukui and Masaaki Sugita
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(22), 10314; https://doi.org/10.3390/app142210314 - 9 Nov 2024
Viewed by 576
Abstract
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the stability of occlusal contacts based on the left–right distribution of the occlusal contact area, divide participants into well-balanced and unbalanced groups, and clarify the effect of light clenching on the balance ability. Methods: [...] Read more.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the stability of occlusal contacts based on the left–right distribution of the occlusal contact area, divide participants into well-balanced and unbalanced groups, and clarify the effect of light clenching on the balance ability. Methods: Forty-one healthy men completed occlusal contact examinations with pressure-sensitive films, and the participants were allocated to the balanced occlusal contact (BOC) group or the unbalanced occlusal contact (UOC) group. The balance ability was measured using a center of gravity sway meter. The static balance in standing and dynamic balance using the cross test were assessed. Measurements were performed in the mandibular rest position (RP) or with light clenching (LC). Differences in the balance ability between the participant groups due to clenching and correlations between the static and dynamic balance were analyzed. Results: Differences in the balance ability due to clenching were observed only in the BOC group, with the static balance higher with LC, and the dynamic balance higher in the RP condition (p < 0.01). Significant correlations were observed between the static and dynamic balance except for the UOC group with LC (p < 0.01, p < 0.05). Conclusions: The results of this study suggested that occlusion affects the postural control when occlusal contact is stable but does not affect the postural control when occlusal contact is unstable. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Orthodontics and Maxillofacial Surgery)
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9 pages, 412 KiB  
Article
Health and TMJ Function in Adult Patients Treated for Dentoskeletal Open Bite with Orthognathic Surgery—A Retrospective Cohort Study
by Mariachiara Benetti, Luca Montresor, Lorenzo Trevisiol, Antonio D’Agostino, Nicoletta Zerman, Alessio Verdecchia and Enrico Spinas
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(18), 8559; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14188559 - 23 Sep 2024
Viewed by 676
Abstract
This study aims to assess the presence and progression of TMD in adult patients undergoing orthognathic surgery to correct dentoskeletal open bite and evaluate whether these changes can be attributed to the intervention. A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 44 adult patients [...] Read more.
This study aims to assess the presence and progression of TMD in adult patients undergoing orthognathic surgery to correct dentoskeletal open bite and evaluate whether these changes can be attributed to the intervention. A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 44 adult patients (14 males and 30 females) aged 18 to 43 years. Articular assessments were performed to evaluate temporomandibular joint (TMJ) health and functionality before (T0) and after (T1) combined orthodontic-surgical treatment. TMJ health was assessed by maximum mouth opening, joint noises, parafunctions (bruxism or clenching), joint locking, TMJ pain, masticatory muscle pain, and headaches. Statistical analyses used McNemar’s Exact Test and paired T-tests. The study shows a significant reduction (p < 0.05) in symptoms, except for locking, with the most substantial decrease in headaches (p = 0.0001). Overall, articular symptoms markedly decreased post-surgery, with sustained joint functionality. Restoring physiological occlusion in patients with anterior open bite is crucial for maintaining the stomatognathic system’s balance. Orthognathic surgery, when indicated, appears beneficial in alleviating articular symptoms while preserving TMJ function. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Orthodontics and Maxillofacial Surgery)
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10 pages, 1935 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of the Influence of Vestibular Surface Morphology Variability of Maxillary Incisors on Torque: Examination Using 3D Intraoral Scans
by Michał Wajda, Joanna Lis, Liwia Minch and Beata Kawala
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(3), 1114; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14031114 - 29 Jan 2024
Viewed by 897
Abstract
Proper torque is an important element of orthodontic treatment. There are many factors affecting effective torque expression, e.g., the interplay between an archwire and a bracket, the precision during bracket positioning, and the morphology of the crown vestibular surface (CrVS) of the tooth. [...] Read more.
Proper torque is an important element of orthodontic treatment. There are many factors affecting effective torque expression, e.g., the interplay between an archwire and a bracket, the precision during bracket positioning, and the morphology of the crown vestibular surface (CrVS) of the tooth. Our study focused on the impact of the maxillary incisor CrVS morphology on the torque exerted by the archwire–bracket interplay. Three-dimensional models of 50 patients acquired through the use of an intraoral scanner were used to examine the four maxillary incisors. A total of 200 teeth were examined. The influence of the tooth crown shape on the bracket position and the related torque change was analyzed with Ortho Analyzer software 2015 (3Shape, Copenhagen, Denmark). All calculations were made for full size archwires. Central incisors showed less variability in their vestibular surfaces than lateral incisors. For the central incisors, the mean values of the additional palatal root torque ranged from 0.6° to 1.6°. For the laterals, the mean values ranged from 1.4° of additional vestibular root torque to 3.5° of additional palatal root torque. The results showed essential morphological differentiation of the CrVS of the maxillary incisors. Therefore, when the bracket is positioned, the individual variation in the tooth surface should be considered and evaluated. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Orthodontics and Maxillofacial Surgery)
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Review

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14 pages, 837 KiB  
Review
Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) Replacement Affects Quality of Life: A Systematic Review and Synthesis of Clinical Trials
by Maciej Chęciński, Kamila Chęcińska, Filip Bliźniak, Karolina Lubecka, Natalia Turosz, Iwona Rąpalska, Adam Michcik, Dariusz Chlubek and Maciej Sikora
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(7), 2912; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14072912 - 29 Mar 2024
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1492
Abstract
This systematic review aims to determine the impact of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) replacement on health-related quality of life. The review was reported following the Enhancing Transparency in Reporting the Synthesis of Qualitative Research (ENTREQ) guidelines. An electronic search using the Bielefeld Academic Search [...] Read more.
This systematic review aims to determine the impact of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) replacement on health-related quality of life. The review was reported following the Enhancing Transparency in Reporting the Synthesis of Qualitative Research (ENTREQ) guidelines. An electronic search using the Bielefeld Academic Search Engine was performed to identify primary studies reported in English and published up until November 2023. Ten reports fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were assessed according to the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP): Qualitative Studies Checklist. The overall research value of the studies ranged from high (dominant) to moderate. The synthesis of the results concerning TMJ replacement in severe degenerative disease showed an improvement in (1) quality of life, (2) pain intensity, (3) mastication efficiency, and (4) mandibular mobility. One study presented favorable outcomes for patients suffering from ankylosis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Orthodontics and Maxillofacial Surgery)
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Other

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11 pages, 5555 KiB  
Case Report
Surgery First and Aligners: A Case Report Combining In-House Surgical Guides and Pre-Adapted Titanium Plates
by Mohammedreza Sefidroodi, Inleel Lundgård Shino, Stratos Vassis, Karen Eich Hammer, Kasper Dahl Kristensen, Thomas Klit Pedersen, Sven Erik Nørholt and Jytte Buhl
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(22), 10374; https://doi.org/10.3390/app142210374 - 11 Nov 2024
Viewed by 602
Abstract
Continuous advancements in technology have made it possible to integrate clear aligner therapy (CAT) with orthognathic surgery. This case report presents a novel, individually-planned workflow, combining CAT with a surgery-first orthognathic approach (SFOA) in collaborating with engineers for an in-house production of surgical [...] Read more.
Continuous advancements in technology have made it possible to integrate clear aligner therapy (CAT) with orthognathic surgery. This case report presents a novel, individually-planned workflow, combining CAT with a surgery-first orthognathic approach (SFOA) in collaborating with engineers for an in-house production of surgical guides and customized titanium plates. The patient was evaluated subjectively, using the Oral Health-Related Quality of Life-14 (OHIP-14) questionnaire and Orthognathic Quality of Life questionnaire (OQLQ), and objectively with the Peer Assessment Rating (PAR) index. The patient displayed the planned occlusal relationship with no report of discomfort in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) or post-surgical complications. The surgical and occlusal outcomes have remained consistent and stable after debonding. A decreased score was reported in both questionnaires and the PAR after treatment, thereby indicating improvements in both subjective and objective evaluations. This case report demonstrates that with proper individual planning, satisfactory subjective and objective outcomes can be achieved when combining SFOA with CAT. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Orthodontics and Maxillofacial Surgery)
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14 pages, 2948 KiB  
Case Report
The Occurrence of a Rare Mandibular Retromolar Triangle Schwannoma and Its Differentiation from Other Rare and Atypical Oral Cavity Tumours
by Kamil Nelke, Maciej Janeczek, Edyta Pasicka, Krzysztof Żak, Szczepan Barnaś, Jan Nienartowicz, Grzegorz Gogolewski, Irma Maag and Maciej Dobrzyński
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(9), 3924; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14093924 - 4 May 2024
Viewed by 1049
Abstract
Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) remains the diagnostic modality of choice. The involvement of the cortical bone and adjacent teeth can be easily established via CBCT. Magnetic resonance can be helpful in the estimation of any other soft-tissue tumour spread within this anatomical area. [...] Read more.
Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) remains the diagnostic modality of choice. The involvement of the cortical bone and adjacent teeth can be easily established via CBCT. Magnetic resonance can be helpful in the estimation of any other soft-tissue tumour spread within this anatomical area. The soft, hard-tissue, or mixed aetiology of tumours requires a differential diagnosis and accurate evaluation. If such pathologies arise, an adequate biopsy or incisional biopsy is essential to evaluate the type of tumour histopathologically. The occurrence of some neural tumours in the oral cavity is rare. Schwannomas (SCs), like some neuromas and other types of neural tumours, are rare and atypical. During clinical examination, a smooth, sponge-like, elastic mass could indicate other small salivary gland tumours rather than an oral neural tumour. Such pathologies of neural origins are quite rare and are uncommon findings in the oral cavity; therefore, their appearance may be conflated with other more typical benign or malignant tumours in the oral cavity. Establishing the status of bone via CBCT, the tooth involvement and the composition of the cortical bone may be helpful for establishing the best treatment of choice. The presented case report describes a rare schwannoma localised at the mandibular retromolar trigone. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Orthodontics and Maxillofacial Surgery)
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15 pages, 3190 KiB  
Case Report
Properties and Application of the Gummetal Wire for the Treatment of an Open Bite—Brief Narrative Review and Case Report
by Anna Ewa Kuc, Jacek Kotuła, Jakub Nawrocki, Maciej Dobrzyński, Rafał J. Wiglusz, Adam Watras, Michał Sarul, Joanna Lis and Beata Kawala
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(7), 2991; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14072991 - 2 Apr 2024
Viewed by 1172
Abstract
The swift integration of ‘Gummetal’ into the orthodontic armamentarium can be attributed to its distinct advantages as an entirely new Ti-Nb-based beta titanium alloy. Developed by Toyota Central R&D Labs and publicly revealed in April 2003, this innovative material is rapidly reshaping orthodontic [...] Read more.
The swift integration of ‘Gummetal’ into the orthodontic armamentarium can be attributed to its distinct advantages as an entirely new Ti-Nb-based beta titanium alloy. Developed by Toyota Central R&D Labs and publicly revealed in April 2003, this innovative material is rapidly reshaping orthodontic practices. Its sui generis properties allow its use as a potential substitute for the Multi-Loop Edgewise Archwire (MEAW) method. Three-dimensional orthodontic movement using this new alloy could eliminate the disadvantages of the MEAW method, such as its technical complexity and patient discomfort. In our comprehensive review of the current literature, we examined relevant publications sourced from the PUBMED database and explored one seminal work on Gummetal from the journal literature. Characteristic properties of Gummetal, such as its exceptional flexibility, superelasticity, and malleability (approximately 10 times greater than conventional metals), enable seamless formation of bends without posing challenges, thereby allowing precise control over orthodontic force application. Also worthy of mention are Gummetal’s biocompatibility and non-toxic properties, along with its low coefficient of friction. The wire seems to be a relatively easy way to achieve good occlusion. Its usage does not require extensive experience in terms of manual skill, and it is not time consuming. Diligent usage of any prescribed plastics by the patient is crucial to prevent complications and ensure successful orthodontic outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Orthodontics and Maxillofacial Surgery)
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