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New Trends in Mechanics and Structural Analysis
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New Trends in Mechanics and Structural Analysis

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Mechanical Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 May 2023) | Viewed by 13523

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Elza Maria Morais Fonseca

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, ISEP-IPP, Porto, Portugal
Interests: solid mechanics; thermal; fire; connections (wood, steel); computational mechanics and biomechanics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Hernâni Miguel Reis Lopes

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Polytechnic of Porto, Porto, Portugal
Interests: structural health monitoring; mechanical engineering; damage identification; structural damage identification; non-destructive testing; experimental mechanics; speckle interferometry; modal analysis; image processing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Mechanics and structural analysis is a field dedicated to the study of deformations, stresses, vibrations, and thermal and material properties in general.

Mechanics and structural analysis is a very active research field, due to the search for challengers and innovative solutions. The study of the structural behavior and the characterization of new materials applied in different engineering fields and solutions bring to this field as always new and future tendencies.

The goal of this Special Issue ‘’New Trends in Mechanics and Structural Analysis’’ is to bring together the latest developments and challenges, contributing to the reinforcement of knowledge of many researchers around the world.

The spectrum of the contributions to this Special Issue will provide an exceptional understanding and a complete basis for future research in the field of mechanics and structural analysis.

It is intended that this Special Issue will contain contributions conducted in experimental, theoretical, or computational approaches and their interactions. One important feature will be interdisciplinary between the work produced by researchers from different fields: mechanical engineering, civil engineering, thermal engineering and material engineering.

This Special Issue aims to discuss all related aspects, giving a clear and complete overview of the fields applied in new solutions. New trends will be discussed along with all recent developments and solutions that are still under investigation.

Original articles in the following topics are welcome for submission. Potential topics include, but are not limited to:

  • Structural analysis;
  • Thermal analysis;
  • Structural vibration;
  • Finite element modelling

Prof. Dr. Elza Maria Morais Fonseca
Prof. Dr. Hernâni Miguel Reis Lopes
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • structural mechanics
  • vibration
  • thermal
  • materials
  • computational modelling
  • experimental models

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Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

24 pages, 12104 KiB  
Article
Numerical Assessment of Standard Firebrand Accumulation Curve When Transferring Temperature to Contact Surfaces
by Antonio Renato Bicelli, Pedro Cantor, Mário Rui Arruda, Carlos Tiago, Ellon Bernardes de Assis and Fernando Branco
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(17), 9657; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13179657 - 26 Aug 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1623
Abstract
This work presents research concerning the numerical assessment of two previously measured temperatures due to firebrand accumulation on surfaces, which was determined in former thermal experimental campaigns. A 3D numerical model using thermal transient non-linear analysis is used to validate the thermal outputs [...] Read more.
This work presents research concerning the numerical assessment of two previously measured temperatures due to firebrand accumulation on surfaces, which was determined in former thermal experimental campaigns. A 3D numerical model using thermal transient non-linear analysis is used to validate the thermal outputs of these two previous experimental campaigns, and therefore, corroborating the previous temperature vs. time curves created with a prescribed flux in the firebrand accumulation area. The firebrand thermal heat transfer to the plane surface is simulated using convection and radiation film conditions, in which a 3D non-linear, time-dependent finite element simulation is used. Then, the previous proposed standard firebrand accumulation curve, ISO 834, and external fire curve are numerically compared with the results from previous firebrand accumulation curves in a wood corner wall. Finally, the merit assessment of the proposed standard firebrand accumulation curve shows a visible improvement, which has low values and is in accordance with the experimental results in the temperature field distribution of firebrand accumulation onto a contact surface. It is fair to argue that it constitutes a point to search for an efficient design for structures at elevated temperatures due to firebrand accumulation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends in Mechanics and Structural Analysis)
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18 pages, 23483 KiB  
Article
The Safe Passage Redundancy Analysis of Airport Taxiway Bridge Based on Aircraft Load Fatigue Accumulation
by Yuhui Zhang and Yuanyuan Zhao
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(2), 1164; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13021164 - 15 Jan 2023
Viewed by 1558
Abstract
This paper is centered around the theoretical, experimental, and simulation analysis of safe passage redundancy and the mechanical deformation of the taxiway bridge under the fatigue accumulation state, and we define the redundancy as the remaining times that the aircraft can pass safely [...] Read more.
This paper is centered around the theoretical, experimental, and simulation analysis of safe passage redundancy and the mechanical deformation of the taxiway bridge under the fatigue accumulation state, and we define the redundancy as the remaining times that the aircraft can pass safely on the taxiway bridge. Based on the principle of stress control, the entity of the taxiway bridge was scaled to establish a laboratory model. The accuracy of the simulation model was verified by the comparative analysis between the experimental and the simulation data. The fatigue–life curve (S–N curve) was introduced to overlay the material fatigue state cycle into the simulation model of the taxiway bridge, and the safe passage redundancy and mechanical deformation of the bridge under the fatigue accumulation state were analyzed. By analyzing and processing the simulation data, a calculation model for the safe passage degree of the taxiway bridge under the fatigue state and a prediction calculation model for the remaining passage life were constructed. By comparing the simulation data with the model data, the accuracy of the established model was verified to be higher than 95%, which provides an important theoretical reference for the development of research on the safety life detection and evaluation of the subsequent taxiway bridge under the fatigue state. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends in Mechanics and Structural Analysis)
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25 pages, 12907 KiB  
Article
Design Framework for Selection of Grid Topology and Rectangular Cross-Section Size of Elastic Timber Gridshells Using Genetic Optimisation
by Antonio Roig, Antonio José Lara-Bocanegra, José Xavier and Almudena Majano-Majano
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(1), 63; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13010063 - 21 Dec 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1894
Abstract
This work presents a design framework for the selection of the topology and cross-section size of elastic timber gridshells, taking as constraints the shape of the structure and the maximum value of bending stress that can be reached in a given area of [...] Read more.
This work presents a design framework for the selection of the topology and cross-section size of elastic timber gridshells, taking as constraints the shape of the structure and the maximum value of bending stress that can be reached in a given area of the gridshell. For this purpose, a parametric design environment and a genetic optimisation algorithm are used, which provides a set of solutions (optimal and near-optimal) that can be examined by the designer before adopting the final solution. The construction of the parametric mesh model is based on a geometric approach using an original adaptation of the Compass Method by developing two algorithms. The first one plots geodesic curves on a surface given a starting point and a direction. The second algorithm adapts the accuracy of the Compass Method to the local curvature of the surface, substantially minimising the computation time. The results show that the optimisation process succeeds in significantly reducing the initial bending stresses and offers an interesting solution space, consisting of a set of solutions with sufficiently diverse topologies and cross-section sizes, from which the final solution can be chosen by the Decision Maker, even according to additional non-programmed structural or aesthetic requirements. The design framework has been successfully applied and verified in the design of the PEMADE gridshell, an innovative elastic timber gridshell recently realised by the authors. Finally, the most relevant details of its construction process carried out to ensure the exact position of the timber laths are presented. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends in Mechanics and Structural Analysis)
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28 pages, 3369 KiB  
Article
Elastoplastic Analysis of Plates with Radial Point Interpolation Meshless Methods
by Jorge Belinha and Miguel Aires
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(24), 12842; https://doi.org/10.3390/app122412842 - 14 Dec 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1895
Abstract
For both linear and nonlinear analysis, finite element method (FEM) software packages, whether commercial or in-house, have contributed significantly to ease the analysis of simple and complex structures with various working conditions. However, the literature offers other discretization techniques equally accurate, which show [...] Read more.
For both linear and nonlinear analysis, finite element method (FEM) software packages, whether commercial or in-house, have contributed significantly to ease the analysis of simple and complex structures with various working conditions. However, the literature offers other discretization techniques equally accurate, which show a higher meshing flexibility, such as meshless methods. Thus, in this work, the radial point interpolation meshless method (RPIM) is used to obtain the required variable fields for a nonlinear elastostatic analysis. This work focuses its attention on the nonlinear analysis of two benchmark plate-bending problems. The plate is analysed as a 3D solid and, in order to obtain the nonlinear solution, modified versions of the Newton–Raphson method are revisited and applied. The material elastoplastic behaviour is predicted assuming the von Mises yield surface and isotropic hardening. The nonlinear algorithm is discussed in detail. The analysis of the two benchmark plate examples allows us to understand that the RPIM version explored is accurate and allows to achieve smooth variable fields, being a solid alternative to FEM. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends in Mechanics and Structural Analysis)
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17 pages, 4884 KiB  
Article
Thermomechanical Analysis of Steel-to-Timber Connections under Fire and the Material Density Effect
by Carlos Gomes, Elza M. M. Fonseca and Hernâni M. Lopes
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(20), 10516; https://doi.org/10.3390/app122010516 - 18 Oct 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1915
Abstract
This work presents a thermomechanical numerical analysis of a steel-to-timber connection with dowels in tension when exposed to fire using ANSYS ® software. Three different wood density materials were considered. The connection is built by a three-dimensional model with a thermomechanical boundary condition. [...] Read more.
This work presents a thermomechanical numerical analysis of a steel-to-timber connection with dowels in tension when exposed to fire using ANSYS ® software. Three different wood density materials were considered. The connection is built by a three-dimensional model with a thermomechanical boundary condition. A nominal temperature–time curve, ISO 834, was used to simulate the fire effect. Numerical simulation to determine the field of thermal and mechanical stresses was performed using a combined problem. A temperature field was imposed for a given time instant of fire exposure, calculated through a thermal analysis in a transient regime. This temperature profile was coupled to an incremental tensile load, allowing the determination of the maximum mechanical resistance of the connection. According to this methodology, the load-bearing capacity of the connections in each fire rating will be determined. In addition, the numerical results allow verification of the wood density influence on the mechanical resistance of the connection exposed to fire. In conclusion, the load-bearing capacity decreases with fire exposure and with lower material density. With the proposed methodology, the effect of the wood density on the heat transferred through the connection under fire can be verified, and a thermomechanical complex model is proposed to solve and analyze this type of problem, which is the great motivation in this work. The numerical methodology represents well the thermomechanical behavior of the connection under fire. This procedure can be used, considering other different parameters, to improve the design and allow the study of the connection behavior as an alternative to the experimental tests. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends in Mechanics and Structural Analysis)
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11 pages, 1975 KiB  
Communication
Wrinkling Patterns and Stress Analysis of Tensile Membrane with Rigid Elements
by Peng Sun, Jin Huang, Jiaying Zhang and Fanbo Meng
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(13), 6630; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12136630 - 30 Jun 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1737
Abstract
Heterogeneous membrane structures with rigid elements are often used in flexible electronic and aerospace structures. In heterogeneous membrane structures under tension, the disturbance stress caused by the rigid element changes the stress distribution of the membrane, and it is difficult to calculate the [...] Read more.
Heterogeneous membrane structures with rigid elements are often used in flexible electronic and aerospace structures. In heterogeneous membrane structures under tension, the disturbance stress caused by the rigid element changes the stress distribution of the membrane, and it is difficult to calculate the stress distribution of the heterogeneous membrane structure using the traditional stress functions method. In this article, we propose a method for calculating the non-uniform stress field based on the Eshelby elastic inclusion theory, which states that tension membrane structures contain square rigid elements. The wrinkle distribution of the rigid element at different positions is predicted by a stress analysis, and the influence of the position and size of the rigid element on the wrinkle distribution of the membrane is studied by a finite-element simulation. The research results show that the wrinkle pattern of the stretched membrane can be controlled by changing the position of the rigid element to meet some special needs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends in Mechanics and Structural Analysis)
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15 pages, 4394 KiB  
Article
Influence of Micro-Textures on Cutting Insert Heat Dissipation
by José Rosas, Hernani Lopes, Bruno Guimarães, Paulo A. G. Piloto, Georgina Miranda, Filipe S. Silva and Olga C. Paiva
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(13), 6583; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12136583 - 29 Jun 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1745
Abstract
Metal machining is one of the most important manufacturing processes in today’s production sector. The tools used in machining have been developed over the years to improve their performance, by reducing the cutting forces, the friction coefficient, and the heat generated during the [...] Read more.
Metal machining is one of the most important manufacturing processes in today’s production sector. The tools used in machining have been developed over the years to improve their performance, by reducing the cutting forces, the friction coefficient, and the heat generated during the cutting process. Several cooling systems have emerged as an effective way to remove the excessive heat generated from the chip-tool contact region. In recent years, the introduction of nano and micro-textures on the surface of tools has allowed to further improve their overall performance. However, there is not sufficient scientific data to clearly show how surface texturing can contribute to the reduction of tool temperature and identify its mechanisms. Therefore, this work proposes an experimental setup to study the tool surface characteristics’ impact on the heat transfer rate from the tools’ surface to the cooling fluid. Firstly, a numerical model is developed to mimic the heat energy flow from the tool. Next, the design variables were adjusted to get a linear system response and to achieve a fast steady-state thermal condition. Finally, the experimental device was implemented based on the optimized numerical model. A good agreement was obtained between the experimental tests and numerical simulations, validating the concept and the implementation of the experimental setup. A square grid pattern of 100 μm × 100 μm with grooves depths of 50, 100, and 150 μm was introduced on cutting insert surfaces by laser ablation. The experimental results show that there is a linear increase in heat transfer rate with the depth of the grooves relatively to a standard surface, with an increase of 3.77% for the depth of 150 μm. This is associated with the increase of the contact area with the coolant, the generation of greater fluid turbulence near the surface, and the enhancement of the surface wettability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends in Mechanics and Structural Analysis)
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