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Applied Sciences
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Production and Application of Microbial Lignocellulose—Degrading Enzymes
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Production and Application of Microbial Lignocellulose—Degrading Enzymes

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Applied Biosciences and Bioengineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2021) | Viewed by 6404

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Silvia Crognale

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Guest Editor
Department of Innovation of Biological Systems, Food and Forestry DIBAF, Tuscia University, 01100 Viterbo VT, Italy
Interests: industrial biotechnology; microbial biotechnology; bioprocess engineering and fermentation technology
Dr. Eleonora Carota

E-Mail
Guest Editor
Department of Innovation of Biological Systems, Food and Forestry DIBAF, Tuscia University, Viterbo VT, Italy
Interests: industrial biotechnology; microbial biotechnology; bioprocess engineering and fermentation technology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Within the framework of a sustainable circular economy, cellulolytic enzymes play a key role through their conversion of lignocellulosic plant biomass, allowing for successful applications in biorefineries.

Microbial biodiversity offers a wealth of opportunities in screening for new robust lignocellulose-degrading enzyme activities. In this respect, metagenomic approaches are used to assess the microbial communities in unexplored environments as a potential reservoir of novel genes.

In this Special Issue, we invite submissions exploring:

  • Molecular mechanisms of cellulase gene regulation and expression;
  • Metagenomic studies for the identification of novel cellulases;
  • Fermentative strategies for the production of lignocellulose-degrading enzymes;
  • Lignocellulose-degrading enzymes and their application to bioprocesses.

We are looking forward to receiving your contribution.

Dr. Silvia Crognale
Dr. Eleonora Carota
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biorefinery
  • biomass hydrolyzation
  • hydrolases
  • metagenomic
  • fermentative processes
  • cellulase
  • endoglucanases
  • fungi
  • bacteria
  • bioprocesses
  • cellulolytic microbial community
  • cellulose degradation
  • novel biocatalysts
  • novel cellulase genes
  • lignocellulosic biomass
  • bioconversion

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 1104 KiB  
Article
Lignocellulolytic Potential of the Recently Described Species Aspergillus olivimuriae on Different Solid Wastes
by Eleonora Carota, Silvia Crognale, Cristina Russo, Maurizio Petruccioli and Alessandro D’Annibale
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(12), 5349; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11125349 - 9 Jun 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1968
Abstract
The genus Aspergillus encompasses several species with relevant lignocellulose-degrading capacity, and a novel species, denominated A. olivimuriae, was recently discovered after its isolation from table olive brine. The acquisition of insight into this species and the assessment of its potential relied on [...] Read more.
The genus Aspergillus encompasses several species with relevant lignocellulose-degrading capacity, and a novel species, denominated A. olivimuriae, was recently discovered after its isolation from table olive brine. The acquisition of insight into this species and the assessment of its potential relied on a bioinformatics approach, based on the CAZy database, associated with enzymatic activity profiles in solid-state cultures on four different types of waste, including residual thistle biomass (RTB), spent coffee grounds (SCG), digestate solid fraction and barley straw. The CAZy analysis of A. olivimuriae genome showed that the number of predicted genes for each family was close to that of other Aspergillus species, except for cellobiose dehydrogenase, acetyl xylan esterase and polygalacturonases. In A. olivimuriae solid-state cultures, hemicellulose degradation outperformed that of cellulose, and lignin removal did not occur, regardless of the growth substrate. This is in line with its CAZy content and the extent of hemicellulolytic, and ligninolytic activities detected in its solid-state cultures. RTB and barley straw were the substrates enabling the best glycosyl hydrolase production levels. The exception was SCG, the hemicellulose composition of which, mainly made of glucomannans and galactomanans, led to the highest β-mannanase and β-mannosidase production levels (3.72 ± 0.20 and 0.90 ± 0.04 IU g−1 substrate, respectively). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Production and Application of Microbial Lignocellulose—Degrading Enzymes)
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24 pages, 9728 KiB  
Article
Evolution of Microbial Composition and Enzymatic Activities during the Composting of Textile Waste
by Saloua Biyada, Mohammed Merzouki, Taisija Dėmčėnko, Dovilė Vasiliauskienė, Jaunius Urbonavičius, Eglė Marčiulaitienė, Saulius Vasarevičius and Mohamed Benlemlih
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(11), 3758; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10113758 - 28 May 2020
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 3746
Abstract
The production of stable and mature compost often depends on the performance of microbes and their enzymatic activity. Environmental and nutritional conditions influence the characteristics of microbial communities and, therefore, the dynamics of major metabolic activities. Using three waste mixtures (textile waste mixed [...] Read more.
The production of stable and mature compost often depends on the performance of microbes and their enzymatic activity. Environmental and nutritional conditions influence the characteristics of microbial communities and, therefore, the dynamics of major metabolic activities. Using three waste mixtures (textile waste mixed with either green, paper, or cardboard waste), the maturity of the compost produced was assessed by following the physico-chemical parameters and enzymatic activities provided by the microorganisms that were identified using next-generation sequencing (NGS). Among the three mixtures used, it was found that the two best mixtures showed C/N ratios of 16.30 and 16.96, total nitrogen of 1.37 and 1.39%, cellulase activities of 50.62 and 52.67 Ug−1, acid phosphatase activities of 38.81 and 68.77 Ug−1, and alkaline phosphatase activities of 51.12 and 56.86 Ug−1. In addition, several lignocellulosic species, together with those that are able to solubilize phosphate, were identified. Among those known for cellulase and acid/alkaline phosphatase activities, bacteria belonging to the Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes phyla were shown. The presence of species belonging to the Ascomycota and Basidiomycota phyla of Fungi, which are known for their ability to produce cellulase and acid/alkaline phosphatases, was demonstrated. These findings provide a basis for the production of stable and mature compost based on textile waste. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Production and Application of Microbial Lignocellulose—Degrading Enzymes)
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