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Applied Sciences
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Materials for Tissue Engineering Scaffolds
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Materials for Tissue Engineering Scaffolds

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Mechanical Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 October 2021) | Viewed by 10374

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Jenny Shepherd

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Engineering, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
Interests: biomaterials; tissue engineering; tissue structure–mechanics relationship; mechanical, structural, and chemical materials characterization; imaging

Special Issue Information

Tissue engineering was a phrase first coined by Robert Langer in the 1990s and has since become a hugely significant interdisciplinary field. Living tissue is effectively replaced with living tissue, successfully integrated within the patient. A scaffold structure is necessary to fill the tissue void and provide structural support and to provide the necessary cues for optimized tissue regeneration. This may occur through the release of biological factors or cells, but structural and chemical cues may play just as important a role. This Special Issue focuses on the materials used within optimized scaffolds— structures that are now much more than space fillers. The Issue will consider the decisions behind materials selection, routes for optimized scaffold production, and characterization of both materials and structures applied across the spectrum of tissue engineering approaches.

Dr. Jenny Shepherd
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Scaffolds 
  • Tissue engineering 
  • Bioceramics 
  • Biopolymers 
  • Composites 
  • Bioactivity 
  • Materials characterisation 
  • Degradation

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 7510 KiB  
Article
The 3D Printing of Freestanding PLLA Thin Layers and Improving First Layer Consistency through the Introduction of Sacrificial PVA
by David M. Roper, Kyung-Ah Kwon, Serena M. Best and Ruth E. Cameron
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(14), 6320; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11146320 - 8 Jul 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2583
Abstract
Fused filament fabrication (FFF) is an inexpensive way of producing objects through a programmed layer-by-layer deposition. For multi-layer, macro-scaled prints, acceptable printing is achieved provided, amongst other factors, first layer adhesion is sufficient to fix a part to the surface during printing. However, [...] Read more.
Fused filament fabrication (FFF) is an inexpensive way of producing objects through a programmed layer-by-layer deposition. For multi-layer, macro-scaled prints, acceptable printing is achieved provided, amongst other factors, first layer adhesion is sufficient to fix a part to the surface during printing. However, in the deposition of structures with a single or few layers, first layer consistency is significantly more important and is an issue that has been previously overlooked. As layer-to-bed adhesion is prioritised in first layer printing, thin layer structures are difficult to remove without damage. The deposition of controllable thin structures has potential in tissue engineering through the use of bioactive filaments and incorporation of microfeatures into complex, patient-specific scaffolds. This paper presents techniques to progress the deposition of thin, reproducible structures. The linear thickness variation of 3D-printed single PVA and PLLA layers is presented as a function of extrusion factor and the programmed vertical distance moved by the nozzle between layers (the layer separation). A sacrificial PVA layer is shown to significantly improve first layer consistency, reducing the onus on fine printer calibration in the deposition of single layers. In this way, the linear variation in printed single PLLA layers with bed deviation is drastically reduced. Further, this technique is used to demonstrate the printing of freestanding thin layers of ~25 µm in thickness. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials for Tissue Engineering Scaffolds)
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Review

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14 pages, 5043 KiB  
Review
Crosslinking Collagen Constructs: Achieving Cellular Selectivity Through Modifications of Physical and Chemical Properties
by Malavika Nair, Serena M. Best and Ruth E. Cameron
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(19), 6911; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10196911 - 2 Oct 2020
Cited by 48 | Viewed by 7211
Abstract
Collagen-based constructs have emerged in recent years as ideal candidates for tissue engineering implants. For many biomedical applications, collagen is crosslinked in order to improve the strength, stiffness and stability of the construct. However, the crosslinking process may also result in unintended changes [...] Read more.
Collagen-based constructs have emerged in recent years as ideal candidates for tissue engineering implants. For many biomedical applications, collagen is crosslinked in order to improve the strength, stiffness and stability of the construct. However, the crosslinking process may also result in unintended changes to cell viability, adhesion or proliferation on the treated structures. This review provides a brief overview of some of both the most commonly used and novel crosslinkers used with collagen, and suggests a framework by which crosslinking methods can be compared and selected for a given tissue engineering application. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Materials for Tissue Engineering Scaffolds)
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