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Behavioral Sciences
Special Issues
The Influencing Factors of Prosociality: How Humans Cooperate with Others
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The Influencing Factors of Prosociality: How Humans Cooperate with Others

A special issue of Behavioral Sciences (ISSN 2076-328X). This special issue belongs to the section "Social Psychology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 October 2024 | Viewed by 3297

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Dingguo Gao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
Interests: social cognition; cognitive neural mechanisms of social support; emotion regulation; social networks; applied cooperative behavior; foreign language learning

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Welcome to this Special Issue on the influencing factors of human prosociality, with particular focus accorded to cooperation and social cognition. In this collection, we aim to delve into the cognitive and neural aspects that drive our inclination to cooperate with others and engage in altruistic actions.

Humans, as inherently social beings, are guided by a complex interplay of factors that shape their collaborative and empathetic behaviors. This Special Issue assembles articles and studies that explore the intricate dynamics of prosocial behavior, shedding light on key elements such as altruistic motivations, other-regarding preferences, emotions, individual influences, and social networks, among others. We would like to not only highlight the nuanced connections between cooperation and social cognition but also explore the mechanisms and psychological consequences behind these connections.

We invite you to immerse yourself in the exploration of the dynamics of altruistic behavior, including cognitive and neural dynamics such as altruistic motives; preferences for external attention; pro-social emotions; and the influences of individual, social, and cultural factors on our innate drive to cooperate and understand others. To the experts who would like to contribute to this Special Issue, we express our sincerest gratitude in advance.

Prof. Dr. Dingguo Gao
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Behavioral Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • altruistic behavior
  • cooperation
  • social cognition
  • empathy
  • altruism
  • cultural norms
  • interpersonal relationships
  • neural mechanisms
  • preferences for others' attention
  • prosocial emotion
  • social networks

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 828 KiB  
Article
Can Positive Social Contact Encourage Residents’ Community Citizenship Behavior? The Role of Personal Benefit, Sympathetic Understanding, and Place Identity
by Yaxi Wang, Bo Wu, Jiaqi Li, Qing Yuan and Nan Chen
Behav. Sci. 2024, 14(4), 307; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14040307 - 10 Apr 2024
Viewed by 686
Abstract
Identified as an increasingly pivotal aspect, the benevolent extra-role characteristic of community citizenship behavior contributes to destination development efficiency and social cohesion. Based on the egoistic–altruistic motivation framework, this study investigated three motivations that propel residents to exercise community citizenship behaviors in a [...] Read more.
Identified as an increasingly pivotal aspect, the benevolent extra-role characteristic of community citizenship behavior contributes to destination development efficiency and social cohesion. Based on the egoistic–altruistic motivation framework, this study investigated three motivations that propel residents to exercise community citizenship behaviors in a positive social contact context, namely self-focused, other-focused, and place-focused motivation. A conceptual model combined with positive contact, personal benefit, sympathetic understanding, place identity, and community citizenship behavior was developed and tested using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) through data from 366 residents in Kaifeng, China. The findings showed that of the three motivations for community citizenship behaviors, place identity contributed the most, and personal benefits failed to predict community citizenship behaviors. Furthermore, sympathetic understanding with tourists was most fostered by residents from the perception of positive contact with tourists. These findings offer a novel theoretical framework for scholarly investigation and provide practical insights for tourism managers regarding strategies to influence residents’ community citizenship behavior. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Influencing Factors of Prosociality: How Humans Cooperate with Others)
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16 pages, 728 KiB  
Article
A Crime by Any Other Name: Gender Differences in Moral Reasoning When Judging the Tax Evasion of Cryptocurrency Traders
by Jori Grym, Jaakko Aspara, Monomita Nandy and Suman Lodh
Behav. Sci. 2024, 14(3), 198; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14030198 - 1 Mar 2024
Viewed by 1189
Abstract
Tax evasion is a major issue for authorities worldwide. Understanding the factors that influence individuals’ intrinsic motivation to pay taxes, known as their tax morale, is important for improving tax compliance. This study investigated gender differences in judging tax evasion in the context [...] Read more.
Tax evasion is a major issue for authorities worldwide. Understanding the factors that influence individuals’ intrinsic motivation to pay taxes, known as their tax morale, is important for improving tax compliance. This study investigated gender differences in judging tax evasion in the context of cryptocurrency trading. Specifically, a survey study explored whether different moral foundations, financial literacies, and political orientations among females vs. males might explain potential gender differences in judging tax evasion. In an online survey, 243 U.S. adults read a vignette about a friend evading taxes in a cryptocurrency trading context. In a correlational analysis, we found that females judged tax evasion harsher, as being more morally wrong than males. Of the psychographic factors, only individualizing moral foundation values (i.e., fairness and harm avoidance) explained the harsher moral judgment by females. That is, individualizing moral foundation values were at a higher level among females, which further predicted females’ harsher judgment of tax evasion. While females also had, on average, lower financial literacy and knowledge of cryptocurrencies than males, these did not predict their harsher judgment of tax evasion. The findings contribute to research on gender differences in moral judgments and highlight that a given transgression, or a specific crime, may violate different moral values in men and women. The results demonstrate to policy makers that it is important to take into account gender differences, in campaigns promoting tax morale and compliance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Influencing Factors of Prosociality: How Humans Cooperate with Others)
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20 pages, 756 KiB  
Article
The Greek Jefferson Scale of Empathy—Medical Student Version (JSE-S): Psychometric Properties and Its Associated Factors
by Polychronis Voultsos, Petros Galanis, Marianna-Foteini A. Dafni, Venetia-Sofia Velonaki, Georgia-Neta Andreou and Leda Kovatsi
Behav. Sci. 2024, 14(3), 195; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14030195 - 28 Feb 2024
Viewed by 965
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Greek version of the Jefferson Scale of Empathy—Student version (JSE-S) and its association with potential predictors among Greek-speaking undergraduate medical students. This study adopted a cross-sectional, comparative–descriptive research design. The study was [...] Read more.
The present study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Greek version of the Jefferson Scale of Empathy—Student version (JSE-S) and its association with potential predictors among Greek-speaking undergraduate medical students. This study adopted a cross-sectional, comparative–descriptive research design. The study was conducted during October and November 2023. Cronbach’s α values for the JSE-S and the factors “perspective taking”, “compassionate care”, and “standing in the patient’s shoes” showed internal consistency. The intraclass correlation coefficient for the JSE-S score in the test–retest study indicated a high level of reliability. The participants showed moderate empathy levels. Females scored higher than males in the Greek version of the JSE-S. Moreover, students enrolled in the fourth academic year showed higher empathy mean scores than those enrolled in the first year. Statistically significant empathy differences by specialty preferences or faith in God/supreme power were not found. The present study provided satisfactory evidence that the Greek JSE-S is a psychometrically sound measurement instrument. Empathy differences by gender were found in line with prior literature. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Influencing Factors of Prosociality: How Humans Cooperate with Others)
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