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Bioengineering
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Artificial Organs and Biofabrication of Human Organs
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Artificial Organs and Biofabrication of Human Organs

A special issue of Bioengineering (ISSN 2306-5354). This special issue belongs to the section "Regenerative Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 July 2023) | Viewed by 12293

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Mohammadhossein Dabaghi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
Interests: artificial organs; microfluidics; blood oxygenator; hemodialysis; tissue engineering; organ-on-a-chip
Dr. Maryam Badv

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, Calgary, AB T2N 4V8, Canada
Interests: multifunctional biomaterials; biocompatible and hemocompatible surfaces; thrombosis; cardiovascular research; tissue engineering; antimicrobial surfaces; biofunctional surfaces; medical devices
Dr. Ali Doryab

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Institute of Lung Health and Immunity (LHI) and Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Helmholtz Munich, Munich, Germany
Interests: in vitro/ex vivo lung bioreactor; lung-on-chip; mechanotransduction; synthetic and natural scaffold; air-liquid-interface (ALI) culture; lung fibrosis; aerosolized drug delivery; pharmacodynamics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Over the last few decades, the invention of various biomedical engineered devices or the creation of in vitro organ, tissue, or cell models has aimed to fully replace or partially model the function of specific organs or tissues. The concept that an artificial device or system can permanently or temporarily augment a failing organ or an in vitro model can recapitulate some aspects of organ-level functions so that a disease can be modeled in a lab enabling scientists to discover new therapeutic. This special collection focuses on the latest invention in the field of artificial organs, including lung and kidney assist devices, the development of new biomaterials and biofabrication technologies for tissue engineering purposes, and the development of surface modifications or strategies for blood-compatible materials.

Dr. Mohammadhossein Dabaghi
Dr. Maryam Badv
Dr. Ali Doryab
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Bioengineering is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • artificial organs
  • lung assist device
  • kidney assist device
  • oxygenators
  • dialysis
  • microfluidic artificial lungs and oxygenators
  • microfluidic artificial kidneys and hemodialysis
  • hollow fiber membranes for blood oxygenation and hemodialysis
  • biomaterials and tissue engineering
  • biofunctional materials
  • hydrogels
  • tissue-engineered organs
  • organ-on-a-chip, tissue-on-a-chip, body-on-a-chip, organoid-on-a-chip
  • 3D-printed or bioprinted microfluidics
  • bioprinting
  • vascularized tissue engineering
  • biofabrication methods
  • tissue-engineered and 3D in vitro models
  • surface modification and strategies for blood-in-contact devices
  • coatings and materials for blood-compatible surfaces

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 4176 KiB  
Article
Experimental Lab Tests on Rabbits for the Optimization and Redesign of Low-Cost Equipment for Automated Peritoneal Dialysis
by Sergio Rodrigo Méndez-García, Edgar Cano-Europa, José Ocotitla-Hernández, Margarita Franco-Colín, Oscar Iván Florencio-Santiago and Christopher René Torres-SanMiguel
Bioengineering 2024, 11(2), 114; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering11020114 - 24 Jan 2024
Viewed by 1236
Abstract
This work shows the experiences acquired by the experimental test performed to validate an automated peritoneal dialysis machine using rabbits with kidney damage to find improvements that can be made for future advances. These are listed to understand the direction of the development [...] Read more.
This work shows the experiences acquired by the experimental test performed to validate an automated peritoneal dialysis machine using rabbits with kidney damage to find improvements that can be made for future advances. These are listed to understand the direction of the development of the machine. The article shows the device’s background and previous tests using a testbed. The rabbit anatomy was prepared for nephrectomy surgery. The tests were practiced by checking all of the APD machine’s subsystems. The data were analyzed to develop improvements in the process. The results indicate the importance of the DPA machine as an alternative by implementing peristaltic pumps to substitute disposable cassettes. The identified improvements are the main objectives for research to continue improving the technology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Artificial Organs and Biofabrication of Human Organs)
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20 pages, 2985 KiB  
Article
Biohybrid lung Development: Towards Complete Endothelialization of an Assembled Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenator
by Hussam Almesto Alabdullh, Michael Pflaum, Marisa Mälzer, Marcel Kipp, Hossein Naghilouy-Hidaji, Denise Adam, Christian Kühn, Russlan Natanov, Adelheid Niehaus, Axel Haverich and Bettina Wiegmann
Bioengineering 2023, 10(1), 72; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10010072 - 5 Jan 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2221
Abstract
Towards the establishment of a long-term lung-assist device to be used both as a bridge and as an alternative to lung transplantation according to final destination therapy, we develop the biohybrid lung (BHL) on the technical basis of contemporary extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). [...] Read more.
Towards the establishment of a long-term lung-assist device to be used both as a bridge and as an alternative to lung transplantation according to final destination therapy, we develop the biohybrid lung (BHL) on the technical basis of contemporary extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Here, to overcome the significant drawbacks of ECMO, in particular the missing hemocompatibility of the artificial surfaces, all blood-contacting areas need to be endothelialized sufficiently. In continuation of our recent accomplishments, demonstrating the feasibility of establishing a physiological acting endothelial cell (EC) monolayer on the hollow fiber membranes (HFMs) of the ECMO in vitro, the next step towards BHL translation is the endothelialization of the complete oxygenator, consisting of HFMs and the surrounding housing. Therefore, we assessed EC seeding inside our model oxygenator (MOx), which simulated the conditions in the assembled HFM oxygenators in order to identify the most important factors influencing efficient endothelialization, such as cell seeding density, cell distribution, incubation time and culture medium consumption. Overall, upon adjusting the concentration of infused ECs to 15.2 × 104/cm2 and ensuring optimal dispersion of cells in the MOx, viable and confluent EC monolayers formed on all relevant surfaces within 24 h, even though they comprised different polymers, i.e., the fibronectin-coated HFMs and the polysulfone MOx housing. Periodic medium change ensured monolayer survival and negligible apoptosis rates comparable to the reference within the assembled system. By means of these results, revealing essential implications for BHL development, their clinical translation is coming one step closer to reality. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Artificial Organs and Biofabrication of Human Organs)
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13 pages, 8139 KiB  
Article
A Portable Servoregulation Controller to Automate CO2 Removal in Artificial Lungs
by Navid Shaikh, Andrew Zhang, Jesse Jenter, Brandon Nikpreljevic, John Toomasian, William Lynch, Alvaro Rojas-Peña, Robert H. Bartlett and Joseph A. Potkay
Bioengineering 2022, 9(10), 593; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering9100593 - 21 Oct 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2510
Abstract
Artificial lung (AL) systems provide respiratory support to patients with severe lung disease, but none can adapt to the changing respiratory needs of the patients. Precisely, none can automatically adjust carbon dioxide (CO2) removal from the blood in response to [...] Read more.
Artificial lung (AL) systems provide respiratory support to patients with severe lung disease, but none can adapt to the changing respiratory needs of the patients. Precisely, none can automatically adjust carbon dioxide (CO2) removal from the blood in response to changes in patient activity or disease status. Because of this, all current systems limit patient comfort, activity level, and rehabilitation. A portable servoregulation controller that automatically modulates CO2 removal in ALs to meet the real-time metabolic demands of the patient is described. The controller is based on a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) based closed-loop feedback control system that modulates sweep gas (air) flow through the AL to maintain a target exhaust gas CO2 partial pressure (target EGCO2 or tEGCO2). The presented work advances previous research by (1) using gas-side sensing that avoids complications and clotting associated with blood-based sensors, (2) incorporating all components into a portable, battery-powered package, and (3) integrating smart moisture removal from the AL to enable long term operation. The performance of the controller was tested in vitro for ∼12 h with anti-coagulated bovine blood and 5 days with distilled water. In tests with blood, the sweep gas flow was automatically adjusted by the controller rapidly (<2 min) meeting the specified tEGCO2 level when confronted with changes in inlet blood partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) levels at various AL blood flows. Overall, the CO2 removal from the AL showed a strong correlation with blood flow rate and blood pCO2 levels. The controller successfully operated continuously for 5 days when tested with water. This study demonstrates an important step toward ambulatory AL systems that automatically modulate CO2 removal as required by lung disease patients, thereby allowing for physiotherapy, comfort, and activity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Artificial Organs and Biofabrication of Human Organs)
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Review

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23 pages, 3140 KiB  
Review
Tissue Engineering for Penile Reconstruction
by Elissa Elia, Christophe Caneparo, Catherine McMartin, Stéphane Chabaud and Stéphane Bolduc
Bioengineering 2024, 11(3), 230; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering11030230 - 28 Feb 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 5634
Abstract
The penis is a complex organ with a development cycle from the fetal stage to puberty. In addition, it may suffer from either congenital or acquired anomalies. Penile surgical reconstruction has been the center of interest for many researchers but is still challenging [...] Read more.
The penis is a complex organ with a development cycle from the fetal stage to puberty. In addition, it may suffer from either congenital or acquired anomalies. Penile surgical reconstruction has been the center of interest for many researchers but is still challenging due to the complexity of its anatomy and functionality. In this review, penile anatomy, pathologies, and current treatments are described, including surgical techniques and tissue engineering approaches. The self-assembly technique currently applied is emphasized since it is considered promising for an adequate tissue-engineered penile reconstructed substitute. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Artificial Organs and Biofabrication of Human Organs)
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