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Biology
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Cancer Stem Cells Biology
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Cancer Stem Cells Biology

A special issue of Biology (ISSN 2079-7737). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2024 | Viewed by 2425

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Beatrice Aramini

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, DIMEC, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Interests: cancer stem
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Valentina Masciale

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of Maternal-Infantile and Adult, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
Interests: cancer stem cells

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The first modern evidence for a role of stem cells in cancer came in 1994 with a study of human acute myeloid Leukemia, in which an AML-initiating cell population was identified from AML patients by transplantation into severe combined immune-deficient (SCID) mice. CSCs are defined by the ability to self-renew and their proliferative potential, and they also produce differentiated cells. Asymmetric cell division achieves both tasks, as one progeny retains the stem cell’s (SC) identity and the other undergoes rounds of cell division and subsequent post-mitotic differentiation. To date, there are no standard criteria for classifying CSCs; therefore, it has not been possible to definitively define the proportion of the CSC subpopulation within a tumor, or the relevance of CSCs to clinical outcomes. Several markers have been investigated, such as CD44, CD24, CD29, CD90, CD133, epithelial-specific antigen (ESA), and aldehyde dehydrogenase1 (ALDH1); however, a specific marker has not been identified because the expression of CSC surface markers is actually tissue-type-specific, even tumor-subtype-specific. Progress in identifying the CSC-specific surface markers, understanding the regulation of CSC tumorigenic capacity, and linking CSCs to clinical outcomes will be helpful to drive the therapeutic application of targeting CSCs into the clinic.

Dr. Beatrice Aramini
Dr. Valentina Masciale
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biology is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

  • stem cells
  • cancer
  • CSCs (cancer stem cells)
  • surface markers
  • therapeutic application

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Article
Integrin β3 Reprogramming Stemness in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer Cell Lines
by Asiye Busra Boz Er
Biology 2024, 13(6), 429; https://doi.org/10.3390/biology13060429 - 11 Jun 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1202
Abstract
HER2-positive breast cancer, characterised by overexpressed HER2 levels, is associated with aggressive tumour behaviour and poor prognosis. Trastuzumab is a standard treatment; however, approximately 50% of patients develop resistance within one year. This study investigates the role of ITGβ3 in promoting stemness and [...] Read more.
HER2-positive breast cancer, characterised by overexpressed HER2 levels, is associated with aggressive tumour behaviour and poor prognosis. Trastuzumab is a standard treatment; however, approximately 50% of patients develop resistance within one year. This study investigates the role of ITGβ3 in promoting stemness and resistance in HER2-positive breast cancer cell lines (HCC1954 and SKBR3). The findings demonstrate that chronic exposure to trastuzumab upregulates stem cell markers (SOX2, OCT4, KLF4, NANOG, SALL4, ALDH, BMI1, Nestin, Musashi 1, TIM3, CXCR4). Given the documented role of RGD-binding integrins in drug resistance and stemness, we specifically investigated their impact on resistant cells. Overexpression of ITGβ3 enhances the expression of these stem cell markers, while silencing ITGβ3 reduces their expression, suggesting a major role for ITGβ3 in maintaining stemness and resistance. Further analysis reveals that ITGβ3 activates the Notch signalling pathway, known for regulating stem cell maintenance. The combination of trastuzumab and cilengitide, an integrin inhibitor, significantly decreases the expression of stem cell markers in resistant cells, indicating a potential therapeutic strategy to overcome resistance. These results identify the importance of ITGβ3 in mediating stemness and trastuzumab resistance through Notch signalling in HER2-positive breast cancer, offering new approaches for enhancing treatment efficacy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cancer Stem Cells Biology)
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Review
The Impact of Glycosylation on the Functional Activity of CD133 and the Accuracy of Its Immunodetection
by Alisa Gisina, Konstantin Yarygin and Alexey Lupatov
Biology 2024, 13(6), 449; https://doi.org/10.3390/biology13060449 - 18 Jun 2024
Viewed by 796
Abstract
The membrane glycoprotein CD133 (prominin-1) is widely regarded as the main molecular marker of cancer stem cells, which are the most malignant cell subpopulation within the tumor, responsible for tumor growth and metastasis. For this reason, CD133 is considered a promising prognostic biomarker [...] Read more.
The membrane glycoprotein CD133 (prominin-1) is widely regarded as the main molecular marker of cancer stem cells, which are the most malignant cell subpopulation within the tumor, responsible for tumor growth and metastasis. For this reason, CD133 is considered a promising prognostic biomarker and molecular target for antitumor therapy. Under normal conditions, CD133 is present on the cell membrane in glycosylated form. However, in malignancies, altered glycosylation apparently leads to changes in the functional activity of CD133 and the availability of some of its epitopes for antibodies. This review focuses on CD133’s glycosylation in human cells and its impact on the function of this glycoprotein. The association of CD133 with proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, autophagy, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, the organization of plasma membrane protrusions and extracellular trafficking is discussed. In this review, particular attention is paid to the influence of CD133’s glycosylation on its immunodetection. A list of commercially available and custom antibodies with their characteristics is provided. The available data indicate that the development of CD133-based biomedical technologies should include an assessment of CD133’s glycosylation in each tumor type. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cancer Stem Cells Biology)
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