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Journals
Biomedicines
Special Issues
Recent Advances in Obesity and Hypertension
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Recent Advances in Obesity and Hypertension

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Endocrinology and Metabolism Research".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2023) | Viewed by 2866

Special Issue Editors

Dr. João Rafael Valentim-Silva

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Physical Education Department, Universidade Federal do Acre, Rio Branco, Brazil
Interests: exercise physiology; exercise biochemistry; exercise immunology; exercise neurosciences; exercise metabolism
Dr. Diego Augusto Santos Silva

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Research Center Kinanthropometry and Human Performance, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis 88040-900, Brazil
Interests: clinical studies; epidemiological studies; cardiovascular diseases; drug treatment; non-drug treatment; prevention; lifestyle

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Obesity and hypertension are non-communicable diseases with high prevalence in the population and responsible for morbidities, death, and a considerable increase in the cost of health systems worldwide. Multiple factors are responsible for the emergence of obesity and hypertension, such as a diet rich in ultra-processed foods, inadequate sleep, stress, physical inactivity, and genetic and environmental factors. This Special Issue aims to disseminate knowledge about factors related to obesity or hypertension, but also to disseminate knowledge about treatment strategies (drug or non-drug) to combat the reduction in health risks that are related to obesity and hypertension. In this sense, studies that have investigated the determinants, correlates, and/or measures of obesity or hypertension in different population subgroups (children, adolescents, adults, older adults, populations with disease diagnoses) are welcome. Original research and review articles are welcome for submission to this Special Issue, which intends to publicize the area of obesity and hypertension.

Dr. João Rafael Valentim-Silva
Dr. Diego Augusto Santos Silva
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomedicines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • obesity
  • hypertension
  • genetic and environmental factors

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

35 pages, 4034 KiB  
Article
Unveiling the Silent Danger of Childhood Obesity: Non-Invasive Biomarkers Such as Carotid Intima-Media Thickness, Arterial Stiffness Surrogate Markers, and Blood Pressure Are Useful in Detecting Early Vascular Alterations in Obese Children
by Monica Simina Mihuta, Corina Paul, Andreea Borlea, Cristina Mihaela Roi, Oana-Alexandra Velea-Barta, Ioana Mozos and Dana Stoian
Biomedicines 2023, 11(7), 1841; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11071841 - 26 Jun 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2321
Abstract
Obese children present a higher cardio-metabolic risk. Measuring vascular biomarkers that assess the evolution of arterial stiffness, subclinical atherosclerosis, and hypertension in such patients could be helpful in the long term. We studied 84 children, aged from 6 to 18 years: 50 obese [...] Read more.
Obese children present a higher cardio-metabolic risk. Measuring vascular biomarkers that assess the evolution of arterial stiffness, subclinical atherosclerosis, and hypertension in such patients could be helpful in the long term. We studied 84 children, aged from 6 to 18 years: 50 obese subjects, versus 34 of normal weight. Clinical examination involved: BMI, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio, and detection of the presence of acanthosis nigricans and irregular menstrual cycles (the latter in adolescent girls). The carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) was measured with the Aixplorer MACH 30 echography device. The pulse wave velocity (PWV), augmentation index (AIx), and peripheral and central blood pressures (i.e., SBP, DBP, cSBP, cDBP, and cPP) were acquired through a Mobil-O-Graph device. Obese subjects underwent body composition analysis with a Tanita BC-418. Blood tests were: HOMA-IR, lipid panel, uric acid, and 25-OH vitamin D. All vascular biomarkers presented increased values in obese subjects versus controls. The following cut-off values were significant in detecting obesity: for PWV > 4.6 m/s, cSBP > 106 mmHg for the <12-year-olds, PWV > 4.5 m/s and cSBP > 115 mmHg for the 12–15-year-olds, and PWV > 5 m/s, cSBP > 123 mmHg for the >15-year-olds. AIx is higher in obese children, regardless of their insulin resistance status. Waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio correlate to all vascular parameters. HOMA-IR is an independent predictor for all vascular parameters except CIMT. Cut-off values for PWV of >4.8 m/s, SBP > 125 mmHg, and a cSBP > 117 mmHg predicted the presence of acanthosis nigricans. Obese girls with irregular menses displayed significantly higher PWV, SBP, and DPB. Elevated levels of uric acid, LDL-c, non-LDL-c, triglycerides, and transaminases, and low levels of HDL-c and 25-OH vitamin D correlated with higher arterial stiffness and CIMT values. We conclude that CIMT and the markers of arterial stiffness are useful in the early detection of vascular damage in obese children. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Obesity and Hypertension)
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