Novel Insights on Cancer Stem Cells

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Biology and Oncology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2024) | Viewed by 659

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Guest Editor
Department of Surgical and Oncological Sciences, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
Interests: molecular oncology; neuroblastoma; epigenetics; cancer stem cells; colon cancer; thyroid cancer
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) or cancer-initiating cells are an aggressive subpopulation present in a range of 1/1000 to 5–10/100 in the tumor bulk of different cancer types, including thyroid cancer and colorectal cancer, respectively. It has been demonstrated that this subpopulation is endowed with high metastatic potential and characterized by high expression levels of efflux pumps, self-renewal capacity and therapy resistance. Standard treatments fail to effectively impair tumor growth because of the persistence of this small subpopulation. The development of innovative therapeutic approaches that specifically target CSCs is urgently needed.

In this Special Issue entitled “Novel Insights on Cancer Stem Cells”, we encourage the submission of original research papers and reviews regarding the most recent advances focused on unravelling innovative therapeutic strategies targeting CSCs or mechanisms regulating CSC maintenance, epigenetic reprogramming and resistance to therapy.

You may choose our Joint Special Issue in Biomolecules.

Dr. Veronica Veschi
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • cancer stem cells
  • cancer initiating cells
  • stemness
  • self-renewal
  • therapy resistance
  • epigenetic reprogramming

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

26 pages, 1144 KiB  
Review
Cancer Stem Cells in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Narrative Review on Experimental Characteristics and Methodological Challenges
by Surendra Kumar Acharya, Saptarsi Shai, Yee Fan Choon, Indrayadi Gunardi, Firstine Kelsi Hartanto, Kathreena Kadir, Ajoy Roychoudhury, Rahmi Amtha and Vui King Vincent-Chong
Biomedicines 2024, 12(9), 2111; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12092111 - 16 Sep 2024
Viewed by 282
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) represent a subpopulation of cancer cells that are believed to initiate and drive cancer progression. In animal models, xenotransplanted CSCs have demonstrated the ability to produce tumors. Since their initial isolation in blood cancers, CSCs have been identified in [...] Read more.
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) represent a subpopulation of cancer cells that are believed to initiate and drive cancer progression. In animal models, xenotransplanted CSCs have demonstrated the ability to produce tumors. Since their initial isolation in blood cancers, CSCs have been identified in various solid human cancers, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). In addition to their tumorigenic properties, dysregulated stem-cell-related signaling pathways—Wnt family member (Wnt), neurogenic locus notch homolog protein (Notch), and hedgehog—have been shown to endow CSCs with characteristics like self-renewal, phenotypic plasticity, and chemoresistance, contributing to recurrence and treatment failure. Consequently, CSCs have become targets for new therapeutic agents, with some currently in different phases of clinical trials. Notably, small molecule inhibitors of the hedgehog signaling pathway, such as vismodegib and glasdegib, have been approved for the treatment of basal cell carcinoma and acute myeloid leukemia, respectively. Other strategies for eradicating CSCs include natural compounds, nano-drug delivery systems, targeting mitochondria and the CSC microenvironment, autophagy, hyperthermia, and immunotherapy. Despite the extensive documentation of CSCs in OSCC since its first demonstration in head and neck (HN) SCC in 2007, none of these novel pharmacological approaches have yet entered clinical trials for OSCC patients. This narrative review summarizes the in vivo and in vitro evidence of CSCs and CSC-related signaling pathways in OSCC, highlighting their role in promoting chemoresistance and immunotherapy resistance. Additionally, it addresses methodological challenges and discusses future research directions to improve experimental systems and advance CSC studies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Insights on Cancer Stem Cells)
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