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Biomedicines
Special Issues
Cancer Heterogeneity: Biomarkers and Targeted Therapies
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Cancer Heterogeneity: Biomarkers and Targeted Therapies

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular and Translational Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2023) | Viewed by 5741

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Verónica Rodilla

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, 08916 Badalona, Spain
Interests: tumor heterogeneity; cellular plasticity; biomarkers; personalized medicine
Dr. Cristina Guardia

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, 08916 Badalona, Spain
Interests: breast cancer; tumor heterogeneity; cellular plasticity; single-cell transcriptomics; biomarkers; personalized medicine

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Tumors are complex and populated by a myriad of cells, which includes different populations forming the tumor microenvironment and also the tumor perse. In the later years, tumor heterogeneity has emerged as a hallmark of cancer playing a central role in therapeutic resistance. This particularly holds true for instance in breast cancer, in which tumor heterogeneity profoundly influences the diagnosis, therapeutic opportunities and clinical outcomes; and also, in other tumor types such as renal cell carcinoma and glioblastoma.

Thus, cancer cannot be understood as a single disease but rather a collection of distinct tumor subtypes. Tumor cells are extremely plastic and dynamic, and the diversity of phenotypes observed in tumors reflects the array of cell types present in the tumor. The extended use of cutting-edge technologies such as single-cell and spatially resolved transcriptomics provides powerful tools to unravel molecular and cellular features of tumor heterogeneity, with the great potential of being translated into new and reliable biomarkers, and novel targeted therapies. The previous Special Issue, “Systems Biology and Intra-Tumor Heterogeneity”, was exquisitely reviewed and revisited how integrative systems biology approaches could be used to decipher the complexity of tumor heterogeneity. In this Special Issue, we invite reviews and original research manuscripts that examine how cancer heterogeneity can be exploited to identify new biomarkers and molecular drivers responsible for tumor maintenance, circumvent drug resistance, and/or develop effective targeted therapies in the path of getting closer the personalized medicine to cancer patients.

Dr. Verónica Rodilla
Dr. Cristina Guardia
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomedicines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • tumor heterogeneity
  • biomarkers
  • targeted therapies
  • personalized medicine

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 573 KiB  
Article
New Opportunities for Preoperative Diagnosis of Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma
by Sergei A. Lukyanov, Sergei V. Sergiyko, Sergei E. Titov, Dmitry G. Beltsevich, Yulia A. Veryaskina, Vladimir E. Vanushko, Liliya S. Urusova, Alexander A. Mikheenkov, Evgeniya S. Kozorezova, Sergey L. Vorobyov and Ilya V. Sleptsov
Biomedicines 2023, 11(5), 1473; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11051473 - 18 May 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1600
Abstract
The preoperative diagnostics of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), including the measuring of the blood calcitonin level, has a number of limitations. Particular focus has recently been placed on the role of miRNAs in the development of various malignant tumors; a comparative analysis of [...] Read more.
The preoperative diagnostics of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), including the measuring of the blood calcitonin level, has a number of limitations. Particular focus has recently been placed on the role of miRNAs in the development of various malignant tumors; a comparative analysis of accuracy of the existing methods for MTC diagnosis with a novel diagnosis method, evaluation of the miRNA-375 expression level, was performed in this study. The expression level of miRNA-375 in cytology samples from 555 patients with the known histological diagnosis, including 41 patients with confirmed postoperative diagnosis of MTC, was assessed. The diagnostic parameters of the basal calcitonin level, calcitonin in wash-out fluid from the FNAB needle, and miRNA-375 were compared. An assessment of the miRNA-375 expression level made it possible to detect all the MTC samples with a 100% accuracy among all the 555 cytology specimens, as well as in non-informative FNAB specimens, and specimens from the ipsilateral thyroid lobe. Parameters such as sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were 100%. The miRNA-375 level, unlike calcitonin, does not correlate with tumor volume, so it does not have the so-called “gray zone”. An assessment of the miRNA-375 expression allows one to accurately distinguish MTC from other malignant and benign thyroid tumors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cancer Heterogeneity: Biomarkers and Targeted Therapies)
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13 pages, 3043 KiB  
Article
TIGIT Expression on Intratumoral Lymphocytes Correlates with Improved Prognosis in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
by Jonas Eichberger, Silvia Spoerl, Gerrit Spanier, Ramona Erber, Juergen Taxis, Johannes Schuderer, Nils Ludwig, Mathias Fiedler, Felix Nieberle, Tobias Ettl, Carol I. Geppert, Torsten E. Reichert and Steffen Spoerl
Biomedicines 2022, 10(12), 3236; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10123236 - 13 Dec 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1789
Abstract
(1) Background: T-cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain (TIGIT) is a potential immunotherapeutic target in a variety of malignant entities, and antibody-based treatments are currently under investigation in clinical trials. While promising results were observed in patients with lung cancer, the role of TIGIT [...] Read more.
(1) Background: T-cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain (TIGIT) is a potential immunotherapeutic target in a variety of malignant entities, and antibody-based treatments are currently under investigation in clinical trials. While promising results were observed in patients with lung cancer, the role of TIGIT in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) as a biomarker as well as a therapeutic target remains elusive. Therefore, we evaluated the role of TIGIT as a prognostic factor in OSCC. (2) Methods: Here, we describe the results of a retrospective tissue microarray (TMA) OSCC cohort. Using immunohistochemistry, TIGIT expression was correlated with overall and recurrence-free survival (OAS and RFS, respectively). Additionally, in silico analysis was performed based on the TCGA Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) cohort in order to correlate patients’ survival with TIGIT and CD274 (encoding for PD-L1) gene expression levels. (3) Results: Database analysis revealed a beneficial outcome in OAS for tumor patients with high intraepithelial CD3-TIGIT-expression (n = 327). Hereby, OAS was 53.9 months vs. 30.1 months for patients with lower TIGIT gene expression levels (p = 0.033). In our retrospective OSCC-TMA cohort, elevated TIGIT levels on CD3+ cells correlated significantly with improved OAS (p = 0.025) as well as distant RFS (p = 0.026). (4) Conclusions: This study introduces TIGIT as a novel prognostic factor in OSCC, indicating the improved outcome of OSCC patients relative to their increased TIGIT expression. TIGIT might provide therapeutic implications for future immunotherapy in advanced-stage OSCC patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cancer Heterogeneity: Biomarkers and Targeted Therapies)
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Review

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24 pages, 1456 KiB  
Review
Genetic, Phenotypic, and Clinical Heterogeneity of NPM1-Mutant Acute Myeloid Leukemias
by Ugo Testa, Elvira Pelosi and Germana Castelli
Biomedicines 2023, 11(7), 1805; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11071805 - 24 Jun 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1677
Abstract
The current classification of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) relies largely on genomic alterations. AML with mutated nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1-mut) is the largest of the genetically defined groups, involving about 30% of adult AMLs and is currently recognized as a distinct entity [...] Read more.
The current classification of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) relies largely on genomic alterations. AML with mutated nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1-mut) is the largest of the genetically defined groups, involving about 30% of adult AMLs and is currently recognized as a distinct entity in the actual AML classifications. NPM1-mut AML usually occurs in de novo AML and is associated predominantly with a normal karyotype and relatively favorable prognosis. However, NPM1-mut AMLs are genetically, transcriptionally, and phenotypically heterogeneous. Furthermore, NPM1-mut is a clinically heterogenous group. Recent studies have in part clarified the consistent heterogeneities of these AMLs and have strongly supported the need for an additional stratification aiming to improve the therapeutic response of the different subgroups of NPM1-mut AML patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cancer Heterogeneity: Biomarkers and Targeted Therapies)
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