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Biomedicines
Special Issues
Advanced Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment: Second Edition
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Advanced Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment: Second Edition

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Biology and Oncology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2024 | Viewed by 794

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Takaaki Hirotsu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Center of Medical Innovation and Translational Research, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Yamadaoka 2-2, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
Interests: cancer biodiagnostic; early detection of cancers; cancer biomarkers; neurobiology of olfaction; nematode biology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Hideshi Ishii

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Frontier Science for Cancer and Chemotherapy, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
Interests: pancreatic cancer; gastrointestinal cancer
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide. The chances of survival increase with early cancer detection, but around half of all cancers are diagnosed at an advanced stage. Significant endeavors have been made to comprehend the mechanisms underlying cancer, create accurate and sensitive diagnostic options, and produce efficient treatments. In the last decade, advancements have been made in enhancing cancer screening programs and introducing innovative technologies to improve the early detection of cancers, with a particular focus on non-invasive methods. Novel approaches in cancer treatment are opening a new avenue for effective therapies.

Acknowledging the significant efforts made in combatting cancer, from academia to the private sector, for this Special Issue, we are seeking submissions of original research articles or reviews that present impactful advances in the development of cancer biology, diagnostics and therapeutics on one or more of, but not limited to, the following topics:

  • Cancer biology;
  • Molecular mechanisms of cancers;
  • Cancer epigenetics;
  • Mechanism of resistance to conventional therapies;
  • Cancer biomarkers;
  • Early detection of cancers;
  • Clinical investigations;
  • Diagnostics of cancers;
  • Novel therapeutics;
  • Novel paradigms in the diagnosis and treatment of cancers.

Dr. Takaaki Hirotsu
Prof. Dr. Hideshi Ishii
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomedicines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • cancer biology
  • epigenetics
  • early detection
  • diagnosis
  • biodiagnosis
  • novel therapeutics
  • new paradigms

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 28195 KiB  
Article
Morphological and Immunocytochemical Characterization of Paclitaxel-Induced Microcells in Sk-Mel-28 Melanoma Cells
by Zane Simsone, Tālivaldis Feivalds, Līga Harju, Indra Miķelsone, Ilze Blāķe, Juris Bērziņš and Indulis Buiķis
Biomedicines 2024, 12(7), 1576; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12071576 (registering DOI) - 16 Jul 2024
Abstract
Biomarkers, including proteins, nucleic acids, antibodies, and peptides, are essential for identifying diseases such as cancer and differentiating between healthy and abnormal cells in patients. To date, studies have shown that cancer stem cells have DNA repair mechanisms that deter the effects of [...] Read more.
Biomarkers, including proteins, nucleic acids, antibodies, and peptides, are essential for identifying diseases such as cancer and differentiating between healthy and abnormal cells in patients. To date, studies have shown that cancer stem cells have DNA repair mechanisms that deter the effects of medicinal treatment. Experiments with cell cultures and chemotherapy treatments of these cultures have revealed the presence of small cells, with a small amount of cytoplasm that can be intensively stained with azure eosin, called microcells. Microcells develop during sporosis from a damaged tumor macrocell. After anticancer therapy in tumor cells, a defective macrocell may produce one or more microcells. This study aims to characterize microcell morphology in melanoma cell lines. In this investigation, we characterized the population of cancer cell microcells after applying paclitaxel treatment to a Sk-Mel-28 melanoma cell line using immunocytochemical cell marker detection and fluorescent microscopy. Paclitaxel-treated cancer cells show stronger expression of stem-associated ALDH2, SOX2, and Nanog markers than untreated cells. The proliferation of nuclear antigens in cells and the synthesis of RNA in microcells indicate cell self-defense, promoting resistance to applied therapy. These findings improve our understanding of microcell behavior in melanoma, potentially informing future strategies to counteract drug resistance in cancer treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment: Second Edition)
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13 pages, 670 KiB  
Article
Liver Transplantation for Hepatocarcinoma: Results over Two Decades of a Transplantation Programme and Analysis of Factors Associated with Recurrence
by María Martínez Burgos, Rocío González Grande, Susana López Ortega, Inmaculada Santaella Leiva, Jesús de la Cruz Lombardo, Julio Santoyo Santoyo and Miguel Jiménez Pérez
Biomedicines 2024, 12(6), 1302; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12061302 - 12 Jun 2024
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Abstract
Background: In recent years, many studies have attempted to develop models to predict the recurrence of hepatocarcinoma after liver transplantation. Method: A single-centre, retrospective cohort study analysed patients receiving transplants due to hepatocarcinoma during the 20 years of the transplant programme. We analysed [...] Read more.
Background: In recent years, many studies have attempted to develop models to predict the recurrence of hepatocarcinoma after liver transplantation. Method: A single-centre, retrospective cohort study analysed patients receiving transplants due to hepatocarcinoma during the 20 years of the transplant programme. We analysed patient survival, hepatocarcinoma recurrence and the influence of the different factors described in the literature as related to hepatocarcinoma recurrence. We compared the results of previous items between the first and second decades of the transplantation programme (1995–2010 and 2010–2020). Results: Of 265 patients, the patient survival rate was 68% at 5 years, 58% at 10 years, 45% at 15 years and 34% at 20 years. The overall recurrence rate of hepatocarcinoma was 14.5%, without differences between periods. Of these, 54% of recurrences occurred early, in the first two years after transplantation. Of the parameters analysed, an alpha-fetoprotein level of >16 ng/mL, the type of immunosuppression used and the characteristics of the pathological anatomy of the explant were significant. A trend towards statistical significance was identified for the number of nodules and the size of the largest nodule. Logistic regression analysis was used to develop a model with a sensitivity of 85.7% and a specificity of 35.7% to predict recurrences in our cohort. Regarding the comparison between periods, the survival and recurrence rates of hepatocarcinoma were similar. The impact of the factors analysed in both decades was similar. Conclusions: Most recurrences occur during the first two years post-transplantation, so closer follow-ups should be performed during this period, especially in those patients where the model predicts a high risk of recurrence. The detection of patients at higher risk of recurrence allows for closer follow-up and may, in the future, make them candidates for adjuvant or neoadjuvant systemic therapies to transplantation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment: Second Edition)
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