Nanotechnology in Pharmaceuticals

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Nanomedicine and Nanobiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2026 | Viewed by 924

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Thermo Fisher Scientific, Cincinnati, OH 45237, USA
Interests: pharmaceutics

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Guest Editor
Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA
Interests: drug delivery; nanotechnology; formulation development; pharmacokinetics and osteoarthritis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The introduction of nanotechnology into pharmaceutical sciences has revolutionized therapeutic outcomes. The journey began with the first report of liposomes in 1964 followed by the first regulatory approval of DOXIL in 1995, leading to around 100 commercial products to date. Nanotechnology in pharmaceuticals has evolved significantly with the development of diverse nanocarriers, including micelles, lipid nanoparticles, inorganic nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, protein-based nanoparticles, polymer–lipid hybrid nanoparticles, polymer–drug conjugates, lipid–drug conjugates, protein– and peptide–drug conjugates, and polymersomes.

A major advantage of nanotechnology lies in the nanosize of drug carriers with large surface areas, which helps in delivering the drug across biological barriers, widening its applicability in improving bioavailability and solubility, protecting the drug from degradation, and ensuring controlled/sustained release. As a result, it has been widely adopted in treating infectious, chronic, genetic, degenerative, and autoimmune diseases, as well as cancer. Advances in nanotechnology aided in designing targeted nanoparticles for precise delivery to the site of action and more biocompatible biomimetic nanoparticles, DNA-based nanoparticles, and biological nanoparticles, including lipoprotein and ferritin. With the remarkable impact of nanotechnology in pharmaceuticals, this Special Issue aims to highlight the wide applicability of nanotechnology in various aspects of therapeutics, diagnostics, and theranostics, encompassing numerous routes of administration, which include oral, intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, ocular, pulmonary, topical, and intranasal. Hence, we invite reviews and research articles focusing on nanotechnology in various aspects of pharmaceuticals, including, but not limited to, small- and biomolecule delivery, diagnosis, advancements, and updates.

Dr. Pratap Basim
Dr. Geetha Vaskuri
Dr. Nagavendra Kommineni
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • nanotechnology
  • drug delivery
  • diagnostics
  • theranostics
  • biomimetics
  • nanocarriers
  • targeted delivery
  • routes of administration

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

54 pages, 4338 KB  
Review
Immunomodulatory Nanomaterials: Design Strategies, Mechanisms, Biomedical Applications, and Future Perspectives
by Maharshi Thalla, Sumedha Kapre, Sushesh Srivatsa Palakurthi, Praveen Kolimi, Ravi Akkireddy, Geetha Satya Sainaga Jyothi Vaskuri, Nagavendra Kommineni, Rahul Sharma, Jae D. Kim and Srinath Palakurthi
Biomedicines 2026, 14(5), 964; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines14050964 - 23 Apr 2026
Viewed by 453
Abstract
The utilization of immunomodulatory nanomaterials, i.e., leveraging their unique properties to enhance immune responses, represents a transformative approach for the treatment of various diseases. Recent advancements in nanotechnology have enabled the design of nanomaterials capable of delivering immunomodulatory agents in a targeted manner, [...] Read more.
The utilization of immunomodulatory nanomaterials, i.e., leveraging their unique properties to enhance immune responses, represents a transformative approach for the treatment of various diseases. Recent advancements in nanotechnology have enabled the design of nanomaterials capable of delivering immunomodulatory agents in a targeted manner, such as cytokines, antibodies, and nucleic acids, to specific cells or tissues involved in immune regulation. These nanomaterials, including nanoparticles, liposomes, nanogels, nanoemulsions, dendrimers, MXenes and extracellular vesicles, have been increasingly tailored to modulate immune responses with precision and efficacy. This targeted approach not only enhances therapeutic outcomes but also reduces off-target effects, minimizing systemic toxicity. In this review, an overview of immunomodulatory nanomaterials and their biomedical applications are highlighted. Herein, we have discussed different types of nanomaterials and their design strategies, interactions with different immune system components (macrophages, dendritic cells (DCs), neutrophils, T lymphocytes (CD4+ helper T-cells, CD8+ cytotoxic T-cells, regulatory T-cells/Tregs, and memory T-cells), and B lymphocytes), and immunomodulation mechanisms. Furthermore, nanomaterial-based immunomodulation strategies to enhance cancer immunotherapy, wound healing, and bone regeneration and the treatment of infectious diseases, autoimmune diseases, and allergy and are discussed in detail. In addition to therapeutic applications, selected nanomaterial platforms demonstrate significant potential in pharmaceutical formulations by improving drug stability, controlled release, and bioavailability, as well as in cosmetology through skin-targeted delivery, anti-inflammatory activity, immune protection, and enhanced tissue regeneration. Finally, clinical trial updates, challenges and future prospects are outlined. Key findings indicate that lipid-based, polymeric, inorganic nanoparticles and dendrimers provide complementary advantages for immunomodulation, including efficient delivery, controlled release, multifunctionality, and precise immune targeting. Despite safety, regulatory, and scalability challenges, these systems show strong potential for advancing precision and personalized medicine. Taken together, these innovations hold great promise for personalized medicine approaches, wherein nanomaterials can be tailored to individual patient profiles for more effective and precise disease treatment and prevention strategies. This review focuses primarily on the mechanistic interactions between immunomodulatory nanomaterials and immune cells, including macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils, T lymphocytes, and B lymphocytes, rather than providing an exhaustive treatment of physicochemical optimization parameters such as particle size or surface modification chemistry, which fall outside the defined scope of this work. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanotechnology in Pharmaceuticals)
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