Advances in Medically Assisted Reproduction

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular and Translational Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2025) | Viewed by 818

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Assisted Reproduction Unit, Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aretaieion University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 76, Vasilisis Sofias Avenue, 11528 Athens, Greece
Interests: high-risk pregnancies; pregnancy-related disorders; obstetrics; reproductive endocrinology; minimally invasive surgery; evidence based medicine
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Medically assisted reproduction (MAR) is one of the fastest growing areas of modern medical science. The increase in the prevalence of infertility, and by extension the ever-increasing application of MAR, renders the necessity for research imperative. The objective of the present research endeavor is threefold: firstly, to facilitate a comprehensive understanding of the pathophysiology of infertility within the paradigm of personalized and precision medicine; secondly, to optimize the extant methods of MAR; and thirdly, to identify new, safer, and more effective MAR techniques. The present research concerns all the stages that make up what is defined as MAR. This includes the following: firstly, the identification of new methods of the personalized diagnosis of infertility; secondly, the development of innovative therapeutic approaches; and thirdly, the optimization of embryo and gamete culture conditions. In order to achieve contemporary research objectives, MAR constitutes a multidisciplinary discipline where research is carried out at multiple levels, including basic, translational, and clinical research. Machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI) are currently being used in this field, as well as 'state-of-the-art' approaches such as the application of omics methods. Of particular scientific interest today is the study of epigenetics in the context of MAR, as it has become imperative to study the impact of infertility and MAR methods on the long-term health of future generations, especially considering that more than 13 million children have been born through MAR to date.

Considering the significance of improving MAR performance, we invite clinicians and reproductive scientists to contribute to this Special Issue with original research articles and narrative reviews, focusing on highlighting novel approaches to MAR. In addition, studies focusing on unveiling novel biomarkers as well as novel algorithms for accurately diagnosing and managing infertility are also invited. Finally, studies investigating novel treatments and protocols aiming to improve reproductive potential would be of added value.  

We believe that a series of articles within this framework will make a valuable contribution towards better understanding and managing the multifactorial nature of MAR.

Dr. Theodoros Kalampokas
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • infertility
  • medically assisted reproduction
  • reproductive endocrinology
  • clinical embryology
  • genetics
  • artificial intelligence
  • epigenetics
  • precision medicine
  • evidence-based medicine

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 947 KB  
Article
Intrauterine Administration of PBMC Modulated with IFN-τ Before Embryo Transfer Improves Clinical Outcomes of IVF Patients—A Randomized Control Trial
by Margarita Ruseva, Dimitar Parvanov, Rumiana Ganeva, Maria Handzhiyska, Jinahn Safir, Stefka Nikolova, Teodora Tihomirova, Dimitar Metodiev, Georgi Stamenov and Savina Hadjidekova
Biomedicines 2026, 14(1), 61; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines14010061 - 26 Dec 2025
Viewed by 593
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether intrauterine administration of autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) activated with interferon tau (IFN-τ) before embryo transfer improves implantation and pregnancy outcomes in IVF patients. Methods: This single-center, prospective, randomized, controlled trial was [...] Read more.
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether intrauterine administration of autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) activated with interferon tau (IFN-τ) before embryo transfer improves implantation and pregnancy outcomes in IVF patients. Methods: This single-center, prospective, randomized, controlled trial was conducted at Nadezhda Women’s Health Hospital (Approval No.: 6/28022023). The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05775198). Randomization was computer-generated with allocation concealed via sealed envelopes. Participants and statisticians were blinded to group assignment; clinicians were not. Women aged 21–50 undergoing frozen–thawed embryo transfer with euploid embryos were included. Exclusion criteria included uterine anomalies, autoimmune, oncologic conditions, infections, or use of immunosuppressants. Participants (n = 340) were randomized 1:1 to receive either intrauterine infusion of autologous PBMCs activated in vitro with IFN-τ or standard IVF care without PBMC treatment. PBMCs were cultured with recombinant IFN-τ, washed, and infused 24 h prior to single euploid blastocyst transfer. A total of 14 patients were excluded from analysis because of early dropout, leaving 326 (n = 167; n = 159) patients for modified intention-to-treat analysis. Primary outcomes included implantation rate (elevated urinary or blood hCG), clinical pregnancy (fetal heartbeat at 6–8 weeks), and live birth rates. Miscarriage rate and safety were secondary objectives. Patients were followed up until 6 weeks post pregnancy resolution. Results: In the intervention group, 38.3% of patients achieved implantation, compared to 27.7% in the controls (OR 1.6, 95% CI: 1.0–2.6, p = 0.04). Live birth rates were also significantly higher in the IFN-τ-modulated PBMC group (28.7% vs. 17.6%, OR 1.9, 95% CI: 1.1–3.2; p = 0.02). While the clinical pregnancy rate was higher, it did not reach statistical significance (34.7% vs. 25.8%, p = 0.08). There was no difference between the groups in terms of miscarriage (p = 0.4). No serious adverse events were reported after treatment, during pregnancy or in the postnatal period. Conclusions: Intrauterine treatment with IFN-τ-activated PBMCs before ET significantly improves implantation and live birth rates in IVF patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Medically Assisted Reproduction)
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