Renal Cell Carcinoma: From Pathophysiology to Novel Therapeutic Approaches (3rd Edition)

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Immunology and Immunotherapy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2024 | Viewed by 963

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Division of Molecular and Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
Interests: renal cell carcinoma; pathology; molecular pathology; biomarkers
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Renal cell carcinoma is a complex disease comprised of a variety of histological subtypes. The most common histological subtype is clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), which accounts for 70–80% of kidney cancer. Recent diagnostic and therapeutic advances are improving the survival rate of kidney cancer patients. The loss of tumor suppressor genes and the activation of oncogenes both allow tumors to reprogram the pathways. A large number of biomarkers have been proposed for predicting RCC recurrence. Some molecular-targeted therapies, such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors, mTOR inhibitors, and immunotherapies, have dramatically improved the outcome of RCCs. Ultrasonography is the most frequently used imaging modality for the initial diagnosis of renal masses, but a multimodality imaging approach is routinely performed in RCC. The medical treatment of RCC has greatly evolved in recent years, thanks to new information regarding the molecular pathogenesis and its histology. However, acquired drug resistance and treatment for a prognostically unfavorable subgroup of ccRCCs and other histological subtypes remain major challenges. Novel biomarkers are highly desirable for the prediction of outcomes, for drug responses, and for a novel therapeutic target.

This Special Issue of Biomedicines focuses on recent discoveries concerning clinicopathological, physiological, and molecular approaches to diagnosis, classification, and novel multidisciplinary treatments. Considering the complexity of the molecular biological background of each histological subtype of renal cell carcinoma, we welcome contributions aimed at both major and emerging histological subtypes of renal cell carcinoma.

Dr. Silvio Maringhini
Dr. Riuko Ohashi
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • renal cell carcinoma
  • pathology
  • physiology
  • diagnosis
  • multimodal treatment
  • drug resistance
  • biomarkers

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Research

18 pages, 3018 KiB  
Article
Expression of hsa-miRNA-15b, -99b, -181a and Their Relationship to Angiogenesis in Renal Cell Carcinoma
by József Király, Erzsébet Szabó, Petra Fodor, Anna Vass, Mahua Choudhury, Rudolf Gesztelyi, Csaba Szász, Tibor Flaskó, Nikoletta Dobos, Barbara Zsebik, Ákos József Steli, Gábor Halmos and Zsuzsanna Szabó
Biomedicines 2024, 12(7), 1441; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12071441 - 27 Jun 2024
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Abstract
Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a regulatory role in various human cancers. The roles of hsa-miR-15a-5p, hsa-miR-99b-5p, and hsa-miR-181a-5p have not been fully explored in the angiogenesis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Aims: The present study aimed to evaluate the expression of these miRNAs [...] Read more.
Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a regulatory role in various human cancers. The roles of hsa-miR-15a-5p, hsa-miR-99b-5p, and hsa-miR-181a-5p have not been fully explored in the angiogenesis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Aims: The present study aimed to evaluate the expression of these miRNAs in tumorous and adjacent healthy tissues of RCC. Methods: Paired tumorous and adjacent normal kidney tissues from 20 patients were studied. The expression levels of hsa-miR-15b-5p, hsa-miR-99b-5p, and hsa-miR-181a-5p were quantified by TaqMan miRNA Assays. Putative targets were analyzed by qRT-PCR. Results: Significant downregulation of all three miRNAs investigated was observed in tumorous samples compared to adjacent normal kidney tissues. Spearman analysis showed a negative correlation between the expression levels of miRNAs and the pathological grades of the patients. Increased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), a tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1), was observed in tumorous samples compared to adjacent normal tissues. Depletion of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) and metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) was detected compared to normal adjacent tissues. The examined miRNAs might function as contributing factors to renal carcinogenesis. However, more prospective studies are warranted to evaluate the potential role of miRNAs in RCC angiogenesis. Full article
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