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Biomedicines
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Advanced Molecular Research on Ovarian Cancer
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Advanced Molecular Research on Ovarian Cancer

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Cell Biology and Pathology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2023) | Viewed by 4556

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Fulvio Borella

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Guest Editor
Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche, Università degli Studi di Torino (UNITO), Turin, Italy
Interests: cancer biology; gynecologic oncology; tumor biomarkers; cancer diagnostics; breast cancer; ovarian cancer; endometrial cancer; vulvar cancer
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Luca Bertero

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Guest Editor
Pathology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin and “Città della Salute e della Scienza” University Hospital, Via Santena 7, 10126 Torino, Italy
Interests: pathology; neuropathology; molecular pathology; glioma
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Stefano Cosma

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Guest Editor
Scuola di Medicina, Università degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
Interests: gynecological oncology; ovarian cancer; endometrial cancer; cervical cancer; endometriosis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Recent advances in cancer molecular biology have allowed for the development of new therapeutic options.

Unlike traditional drugs that inhibit DNA synthesis and interfere with the tumor cells’ cycle, these target drugs act on molecular signaling pathways of cancer cells, stroma, vascularization, and the immune microenvironment.

Most first-line treatments are still based on platinum and taxol; however, new target therapies have emerged over the last decade: drugs targeting defective DNA repair mechanisms, such as PARP inhibitors, or targeting angiogenesis, in particular anti-VEGF antibodies, have been used in the treatment of advanced ovarian cancers. In addition, immunotherapy-based treatment has received much attention in recent years.

This Special Issue will highlight recent advances and future directions in molecular mechanisms and target therapies regarding ovarian cancer. We welcome preclinical studies that may lead to a better understanding of this rapidly evolving field.

Dr. Fulvio Borella
Dr. Luca Bertero
Dr. Stefano Cosma
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomedicines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • immunotherapy
  • ovarian cancer
  • endometrial cancer
  • cervical cancer
  • vulvar cancer
  • gynecological cancer
  • immunosuppression
  • targeted therapy
  • tumor microenvironment
  • immune checkpoint blockade
  • cancer biology

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

20 pages, 1522 KiB  
Review
Hormone Receptors and Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: Recent Advances in Biology and Treatment Options
by Fulvio Borella, Stefano Fucina, Luca Mangherini, Stefano Cosma, Andrea Roberto Carosso, Jessica Cusato, Paola Cassoni, Luca Bertero, Dionyssios Katsaros and Chiara Benedetto
Biomedicines 2023, 11(8), 2157; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11082157 - 1 Aug 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1587
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is a significant cause of cancer-related mortality in women. Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment, EOC remains a challenging disease to manage, and the 5-year survival rate is still poor. The role of hormone receptors (HRs) in EOC carcinogenesis [...] Read more.
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is a significant cause of cancer-related mortality in women. Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment, EOC remains a challenging disease to manage, and the 5-year survival rate is still poor. The role of hormone receptors (HRs) in EOC carcinogenesis and prognosis has been actively explored; however, the role of hormone therapy (HT) in the treatment of these tumors is not well established. Most available data on HT mainly come from retrospective series and small early clinical trials. Several of these studies suggest that HT may have a role in adjuvant, maintenance therapy, or in the case of recurrent disease, especially for some subtypes of EOC (e.g., low-grade serous EOC). Furthermore, HT has recently been combined with targeted therapies, but most studies evaluating these combinations are still ongoing. The main aim of this review is to provide an overview of the progress made in the last decade to characterize the biological and prognostic role of HRs for EOC and the developments in their therapeutic targeting through HT. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Molecular Research on Ovarian Cancer)
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24 pages, 839 KiB  
Review
Targeting Tyrosine Kinases in Ovarian Cancer: Small Molecule Inhibitor and Monoclonal Antibody, Where Are We Now?
by Aimee Rendell, Isobel Thomas-Bland, Lee McCuish, Christopher Taylor, Mudra Binju and Yu Yu
Biomedicines 2022, 10(9), 2113; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10092113 - 29 Aug 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2386
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the most lethal gynaecological malignancies worldwide. Despite high success rates following first time treatment, this heterogenous disease is prone to recurrence. Oncogenic activity of receptor tyrosine kinases is believed to drive the progression of ovarian cancer. Here we [...] Read more.
Ovarian cancer is one of the most lethal gynaecological malignancies worldwide. Despite high success rates following first time treatment, this heterogenous disease is prone to recurrence. Oncogenic activity of receptor tyrosine kinases is believed to drive the progression of ovarian cancer. Here we provide an update on the progress of the therapeutic targeting of receptor tyrosine kinases in ovarian cancer. Broadly, drug classes that inhibit tyrosine kinase/pathways can be classified as small molecule inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies, or immunotherapeutic vaccines. Small molecule inhibitors tested in clinical trials thus far include sorafenib, sunitinib, pazopanib, tivantinib, and erlotinib. Monoclonal antibodies include bevacizumab, cetuximab, pertuzumab, trastuzumab, and seribantumab. While numerous trials have been carried out, the results of monotherapeutic agents have not been satisfactory. For combination with chemotherapy, the monoclonal antibodies appear more effective, though the efficacy is limited by low frequency of target alteration and a lack of useful predictive markers for treatment stratification. There remain critical gaps for the treatment of platinum-resistant ovarian cancers; however, platinum-sensitive tumours may benefit from the combination of tyrosine kinase targeting drugs and PARP inhibitors. Immunotherapeutics such as a peptide B-cell epitope vaccine and plasmid-based DNA vaccine have shown some efficacy both as monotherapeutic agents and in combination therapy, but require further development to validate current findings. In conclusion, the tyrosine kinases remain attractive targets for treating ovarian cancers. Future development will need to consider effective drug combination, frequency of target, and developing predictive biomarker. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Molecular Research on Ovarian Cancer)
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